An (s,S) model for inventory with exponential lifetimes and renewal demands

Inventory control of products with finite lifetimes is important in many modern business organizations. It has been an important and difficult research subject. Here, we study the (s, S) continuous review model for items with an exponential random lifetime and a general renewal demand process through a Markov process. We derive a fundamental rate conservation theorem and show that all the other system performance measures can be obtained easily through the expected reorder cycle length. This leads to a simple expression for the total expected long run cost rate function in terms of the expected reorder cycle length. Subsequently, we derive formulas for computing the expected cycle lengths for the general renewal demand as well as for a large class of demands characterized by the phase type interdemand time distribution. We show analytically when the cost as a function of the reorder level is monotone, concave, or convex. We also show analytically that, depending on the behavior of the expected reorder cycle, the cost as a function of the order‐up level is either monotone increasing or unimodal. These analytical properties enable us to understand the problem and make the subsequent numerical optimization much easier. Numerical studies confirm and illustrate some of the analytical properties. The results also demonstrate the impact of various parameters on the optimal policy and the cost. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 39–56, 1999     

Experimental investigation on anti-penetration performance of polyurea-coated ASTM1045 steel plate subjected to projectile impact

In this study, the anti-penetration performance of polyurea/ASTM1405-steel composite plate subjected to high velocity projectile was analyzed. Two kinds of modified polyurea material (AMMT-053 and AMMT-055) were selected and a ballistic impact testing system including speed measuring target system and high-speed camera was designed. This experiment was conducted with a rifle and 5.8 mm projectile to explore the effects by the polyurea coating thickness, the polyurea coating position and the glass-fiber cloth on the anti-penetration performance of polyurea/ASTM1405-steel composite plate. The result showed that the effects of polyurea coating position were different between two types of polyurea, and that the effects of glass-fiber position were disparate between two types of polyurea as well. For AMMT-053 polyurea material, it was better to be on front face than on rear face; whereas for AMMT-055 pol-yurea, it was better to be on rear surface although the difference was very subtle. Additionally, formulas had been given to describe the relationship between the effectiveness of polyurea and the thickness of polyurea coating. In general, AMMT-055 had better anti-penetration performance than AMMT-053. Furthermore, five typical damage modes including self-healing, crack, local bulge, spallation and local fragmentation were defined and the failure mechanism was analyzed with the results of SHPB test. Additionally, the bonding strength played an important role in the anti-penetration performance of polyurea/steel composite plate.     

Sensitivity analysis on responsive pricing and production under imperfect demand updating

This paper examines three types of sensitivity analysis on a firm's responsive pricing and responsive production strategies under imperfect demand updating. Demand has a multiplicative form where the market size updates according to a bivariate normal model. First, we show that both responsive production and responsive pricing resemble the classical pricing newsvendor with posterior demand uncertainty in terms of the optimal performance and first‐stage decision. Second, we show that the performance of responsive production is sensitive to the first‐stage decision, but responsive pricing is insensitive. This suggests that a “posterior rationale” (ie, using the optimal production decision from the classical pricing newsvendor with expected posterior uncertainty) allows a simple and near‐optimal first‐stage production heuristic for responsive pricing. However, responsive production obtains higher expected profits than responsive pricing under certain conditions. This implies that the firm's ability to calculate the first‐stage decision correctly can help determine which responsive strategy to use. Lastly, we find that the firm's performance is not sensitive to the parameter uncertainty coming from the market size, total uncertainty level and information quality, but is sensitive to uncertainty originating from the procurement cost and price‐elasticity.     

复杂作战任务弹药配备模型

多阶段任务系统(PMS)是一种典型的复杂系统,它包括多个在时间上连续且无相互重叠的基本任务,武器系统的作战过程多数属于这种复杂系统.以某作战单元的一次作战任务流程为例,详细地讨论了多阶段复杂任务系统的特点,并从基本任务阶段的系统可信性、可用度的角度出发,分析了在满足给定火力指标的前提下,建立整个复杂作战任务流程中弹药配备模型的方法.     

一个具有相互独立、不同分布服务时间序列的排队模型

讨论的排队模型 ,放宽了GI/G/1系统中“服务时间独立同分布”的限制 ,只要求各服务时间相互独立 ,因而较GI/G/1排队模型能更合理地拟合实际问题 .在此较宽的条件下 ,利用补充变量的方法 ,求得了该排队系统队长的瞬时分布     

李凤苞、徐建寅主持购买铁甲舰考论

1879年后,晚清海防形势日益严峻,清政府撇开赫德,委派李凤苞、徐建寅主持购买铁甲舰;李凤苞、徐建寅主持购买铁甲舰的曲折过程及其中复杂的人事关系折射出晚清海军建设的艰辛。     

按照科学发展观要求抓好高学历干部培养

按照科学发展观要求抓好高学历干部培养,要转变观念,在树立科学思维中切实端正对高学历干部的认识和看法;转变方法,在加强科学引导中不断提升高学历干部的信心和素质;转变思路,在搞好科学使用中充分发挥高学历干部的作用和潜能;转变态度,在注重科学关怀中积极营造高学历干部成长成才的氛围.     

装备作战单元任务可信度评估方法

首先简要分析了任务可信度的影响因素,并对最小任务单元的任务进行了分类;然后借助马尔可夫过程建立了k／N系统的任务可信度模型,该模型考虑了维修保障和备件补给对任务可信性的影响,在此基础之上分别建立了单台装备、最小任务单元、装备作战单元任务可信度的模型;最后通过实例分析和计算,结果表明该装备作战单元任务可信度评估方法有效可行。     

软件无线电技术在装甲机械化部队中的应用

软件无线电技术可满足装甲机械化部队移动通信的抗干扰、信息安全保密性等要求,并能构建基于软件无线电技术的生存率高、安全、灵活、移动的和对电子攻击、破坏有足够防御能力的战术通信系统。因此,软件无线电技术在装甲机械化部队中的应用具有广阔的应用前景。