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341.
The problem of determining a vector that places a system in a state of equilibrium is studied with the aid of mathematical programming. The approach derives from the logical equivalence between the general equilibrium problem and the complementarity problem, the latter being explicitly concerned with finding a point in the set S = {x: < x, g(x)> = 0, g(x) ≦ 0, x ≧ 0}. An associated nonconvex program, min{? < x, g(x) > : g(x) ≦ 0, x ≧ 0}, is proposed whose solution set coincides with S. When the excess demand function g(x) meets certain separability conditions, equilibrium solutions are obtained by using an established branch and bound algorithm. Because the best upper bound is known at the outset, an independent check for convergence can be made at each iteration of the algorithm, thereby greatly increasing its efficiency. A number of examples drawn from economic and network theory are presented in order to demonstrate the computational aspects of the approach. The results appear promising for a wide range of problem sizes and types, with solutions occurring in a relatively small number of iterations. 相似文献
342.
This paper discusses situations in which the distribution of a lifetime response variable T is taken to depend upon a vector x of regressor variables. We specifically consider the case in which T, given x , has an exponential distribution, and in which x represents levels of fixed factors in an experimental design. Methods of analyzing data under this type of model are discussed, with maximum likelihood and least squares methods being presented and compared. 相似文献
343.
Andrew F. Daughety 《海军后勤学研究》1978,25(4):659-665
This paper examines right-hand side sensitivity analysis in linear programming as a problem in optimal sampling. Specifically, the insensitivity point of a solution is defined as the point at which the expected gain from increased accuracy in the prediction of a resource level is equal to the expected cost of procuring the information. The problem is structured using the rudiments of optimal statistical decision theory. 相似文献
344.
With constant firing, metal fatigue produces cracks in a gun barrel. The useful life of the barrel comes to an end when a crack develops to a critical size. The theory of Fracture Mechanics suggests a formula for crack size growth rate. This formula can be used to determine the life of a barrel, depending on the initial and critical crack sizes and other factors. The initial crack size turns out to be a dominant factor. Unfortunately, accurate measurements are not generally available on the initial crack size. In this paper, we propose a simple probability model for the initial crack size and this, in turn, leads to a probability distribution of the life of the barrel. This last distribution is the well-known exponential distribution with a location shift. The simplicity of this final result is one of the factors that make the model appealing. 相似文献
345.
F. Beichelt 《海军后勤学研究》1981,28(3):375-381
A model for proper scheduling of inspections is considered, if system failures can be detected only by checking. Two cases are analyzed: replacement and no replacement of a failed system. On condition that no or only partial information on the lifetime distribution of the system is available, minimax inspection strategies are obtained with respect to cost criterions. 相似文献
346.
Robert F. Love 《海军后勤学研究》1967,14(2):185-217
A method is presented for calculating optimal inventory levels in a two-station transactions reporting inventory system. The criterion of optimality is the minimization of expected cost. The computational properties of the model are stressed and the solution method is precise. It is shown that when the model represents a central warehouse which supplies several retail outlets, stocks carried at the central location affect the capacity of the system to handle orders. Stocks carried at the retail level affect only the size of the retail order backlog. 相似文献
347.
This paper deals with the analysis of a model for studying the probability of survival of a subterranean target under an intensive attack. Most of the analysis is based on the assumption that the explosions are circularly distributed about the target and that the number of explosions is known. In the last two sections it is shown what effect a relaxation of these assumptions has on the probability of survival of the target. 相似文献
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