动静压轴承油腔压力及其偏导的快速迭代方法

对于毛细管节流的动静压轴承，基于流量平衡方程和偏导形式的流量平衡方程，本文建立了油腔压力和油腔压力偏导的迭代准则和迭代公式。实践证明，该迭代方法具有物理意义明晰、迭代次数少和迭代适应性强的特点，可以显著提高毛细管节流的动静压轴承静动特性分析计算有限元程序的计算速度。     

Optimizing natural gas pipeline transmission with nonuniform elevation: A new initialization approach

In this paper, we develop an iterative piecewise linear approximation approach with a novel initialization method to solve natural gas pipeline transmission problems with the nonuniform network elevation. Previous approaches, such as energy minimization methods, cannot be applied to solve problems with the nonuniform network elevation because they exclude pressure range constraints, and thus provide solutions far from optimum. We propose a new initialization model that considers pressure range constraints and improves the optimality of the solutions and the computational efficiency. Furthermore, we extend the energy minimization methods and provide the necessary conditions under which the extended methods operate in networks with the nonuniform elevation. We test the performances of the methods with previously reported pipeline networks from the literature, with the open data set GasLib, and with our industrial collaborator. The initialization approach is shown to be more efficient than the method with fixed initial breakpoints. The newly proposed initialization approach generates solutions with a higher accuracy than the extended energy minimization methods, especially in large‐size networks. The proposed method has been applied to natural gas transmission planning by the China National Petroleum Corporation and has brought a direct profit increase of 330 million U.S. dollars in 2015‐2017.     

科研经费管理决策支持系统若干模型

本文应用多目标决策原理和计算机技术,在分析用户需求的基础上,建立了科研任务项目的预测评价和经费分配模型,并分析了有关模型的关系和解决性质。根据这些模型和决策的特点,简要叙述了该系统的主要功能。我们相信。该系统的应用,将给管理人员提供方便,且使管理进一步科学化,让有限的经费发挥更大的作用。     

浅论工程装备试生产过程中的工艺评审及工艺鉴定

本文通过分析现行相关标准中工艺评审和工艺鉴定的内涵,说明了工程装备首批产品试生产过程中实施工艺评审做法的不合理之处,探讨了实施工艺鉴定的可行性以及要求、内容和方法,对完善工程装备首批产品质量评审工作,保证后续批量生产质量具有借鉴意义,以期共同探讨。     

马汉海权论的形成及其影响

19世纪末,美国海军上校马汉提出了系统的海权论观点,主要内容是:海洋对濒海国家的生存与发展有决定性的意义,而要拥有海权就必须发展强大的海军并在海外取得补给基地.这一理论不仅准确地反映了当时欧关列强争夺海外殖民地的趋势,更为这种争夺提供了理论依据,故一旦出现立即风靡全球,对世界各国产生了广泛而深远的影响.     

Supplier certification and quality investment in supply chains

Global sourcing has made quality management a more challenging task, and supplier certification has emerged as a solution to overcome suppliers' informational advantage about their product quality. This article analyzes the impact of certification standards on the supplier's investment in quality, when a buyer outsources the production process. Based on our results, deterministic certification may lead to under‐investment in quality improvement technology for efficient suppliers, thereby leading to potential supply chain inefficiency. The introduction of noisy certification may alleviate this under‐investment problem, when the cost of information asymmetry is high. While allowing noisy certification always empowers the buyer to offer a menu to screen among heterogeneous suppliers, the buyer may optimally choose only a limited number of certification standards. Our analysis provides a clear‐cut prediction of the types of certifiers the buyer should use for heterogeneous suppliers, and we identify the conditions under which the supplier benefits from noisy certification. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

排液槽对折板捕雾器性能影响数值模拟

为研究气液分离器内使用的折板式捕雾器的流场特性及排液槽对其性能的影响,利用流体动力学计算软件Fluent,采用Low-Re Stress-Omega模型和DPM两相流模型,对捕雾器气液两相流流场进行了数值模拟。通过对比安装排液槽前后捕雾器内流场,分析了排液槽对捕雾器流场速度、液滴运动轨迹的影响;发现排液槽能大幅提高捕雾器的除雾效率,10μm以上液滴基本能够全部去除,但是也会使除雾器压降急剧增大。最后研究了排液槽主要结构参数——折弯直径和长度对捕雾器性能的影响,发现增大排液槽折弯直径和长度均能增加除雾效率,但同时也会增大进出口压降。     

夜间通风量对相变轻质房间室内热环境的影响

运用EnergyPlus软件,对含相变材料层轻质房间的室内热环境进行了模拟,分析了墙体结构、通风量等因素对相变材料轻质墙体的蓄、放热性能和室内热环境的影响。模拟结果表明:相变材料应用于轻质房间,能显著增强围护结构的热惰性,提高室内的热舒适性;同时采取夜间通风技术,可以有效地将白天蓄积的热量散至室外。相变材料布置在围护结构内侧时,室内环境的热舒适性比布置在外侧时更好。从自然通风的角度,相变材料布置于围护结构内侧时,选取换气数2.5次/h作为优化结果;相变材料布置于围护结构外侧时,选取换气数4.0次/h作为优化结果。     

SAR微动目标的稀疏贝叶斯成像方法

SAR微动信息能够反映出目标的属性信息,其微动图像可作为雷达目标识别的一种重要手段。基于SAR微动目标回波的稀疏特性,建立了在过完备词典下的稀疏表示模型,提出一种新的稀疏贝叶斯重构方法——方差成分扩张压缩,该方法仅赋予有重要意义的信号元素不同的方差分量,拥有更少的参数。仿真结果表明,方差成分扩张压缩方法能较精确地估计出SAR目标微动参数,同时能够获得低信噪比条件下较好的微动目标像。     

基于DSP的电视跟踪系统算法设计

研究基于ADSP21020高速DSP芯片构成的实时电视跟踪系统的图象采集。分割、跟踪定位和跟踪波门设计等算法,并给出算法实现的流程图。