Numerical investigation of the shockwave overpressure fields of multi-sources FAE explosions

Shockwaves from fuel-air explosive (FAE) cloud explosions may cause significant casualties. The ground overpressure field is usually used to evaluate the damage range of explosion shockwaves. In this paper, a finite element model of multi-sources FAE explosion is established to simulate the process of multiple shockwaves propagation and interaction. The model is verified with the experimental data of a fourfold-source FAE explosion, with the total fuel mass of 340 kg. Simulation results show that the overpressure fields of multi-sources FAE explosions are different from that of the single-source. In the case of multi-sources, the overpressure fields are influenced significantly by source scattering distance and source number. Subsequently, damage ranges of overpressure under three different levels are calculated. Within a suitable source scattering distance, the damage range of multi-sources situation is greater than that of the single-source, under the same amount of total fuel mass. This research provides a basis for personnel shockwave protection from multi-sources FAE explosion.     

基于信息增益比和SGAN的信息系统评估模型

信息系统的安全对于个人、企业甚至国家都至关重要,因此,对信息系统安全的评估也极为严格.以军工单位的信息系统为例,标准过于冗余,且样本数量较少,使得神经网络难以达到预期的评估效果.针对这些问题,建立了"信息增益比+SGAN"的分类评估模型,通过计算信息增益比得到各项指标对信息系统安全划分的重要度,减少无关紧要的冗余指标;用重要指标量化后的样本训练SGAN,得到一个强有力的分类判别网络,来对信息系统的安全进行评估分类,同时输出样本"真伪概率"和"下类似比系数"作为专家是否要人为对该系统进行评估的参考标准.     

一种新的未来空域窗瞄准点配置方法

依据未来空域窗理论最优射击密度,按照实际射弹命中点误差方差应与理论最优射击密度下射弹命中点误差方差相同的原则,提出了环状未来空域窗(包括椭圆环状未来空域窗和圆环状未来空域窗)的构造方法.同时,通过构建基于最优射击毁伤目标概率的有约束非线性函数,得到环状未来空域窗最优配置参数.算例分析表明:在网状未来空域窗、椭圆环状未来空域窗和圆环状未来空域窗中,当误差方向给定时,椭圆环状未来空域窗得到的毁伤概率最大;当误差方向未定时,圆环状未来空域窗得到的毁伤概率期望最大.     

欧盟太空安全政策与发展动向

欧盟具有相对成熟的太空技术,处于国际太空力量发展的第一梯队,其太空安全政策是在基于维护太空自主权的前提下,寻求太空与安全防务政策的统一,从而实现共同外交和安全政策的整体目标,目前已取得了较大进展。本文认为,从未来发展来看,面对有限的太空资源优势和脆弱的太空环境,欧盟将会继续利用其技术优势和集体力量,努力保障其太空关键基础设施安全和太空自主权,同时进一步将太空安全重点向军事竞争领域聚焦,将其作为拓展战场空间维度的重要途径。     

交通场景行人穿越检测方法进展研究

随着自动驾驶和计算机视觉技术的飞速发展,人们对交通安全的重视程度越来越高。其中,交通场景中行人穿越检测问题是研究的热点与难点之一。对行人穿越检测这一领域进行了综合评述,并对未来研究进行了展望。按照行人试图穿越、正在穿越及穿越预测三个阶段进行分析,首先分析了基于行人姿态穿越意图的研究进展(试图穿越),包括人体姿态、数据驱动和高斯动力学模型三个方面;其次讨论了基于轨迹跟踪的穿越行为检测方法(正在穿越);然后概括了基于轨迹预测的行人穿越检测方法(穿越预测);最后总结了现阶段比较新颖的多传感融合、车路协同、车联网等研究角度,并对未来该领域需重点发展的方向提出建议。     

A reusable planar triggered spark-gap switch batched-fabricated with PCB technology for medium-and low-voltage pulse power systems

Triggered spark-gap switch is a popular discharge switch for pulse power systems. Previous studies have focused on planarizing this switch using thin film techniques in order to meet the requirements of compact size in the systems. Such switches are one-shot due to electrodes being too thin to sufficiently resist spark-erosion. Additionally, these switches did not employ any structures in securing internal gas composition, resulting in inconsistent performance under harsh atmospheres. In this work, a novel planar triggered spark-gap switch (PTS) with a hermetically sealed cavity was batched-prepared with printed circuit board (PCB) technology, to achieve reusability with low cost. The proposed PTS was inspected by micro-computed tomography to ensure PCB techniques meet the requirements of machining precision. The results from electrical experiments demonstrated that PCB PTS were consistent and reusable with lifespan over 20 times. The calculated switch voltage and circuit current were consistent with those derived from real-world measurements. Finally, PCB PTS was used to introduce hexanitrostilbene (HNS) pellets in a pulse power system to verify its performance.     

Transverse relaxation characteristic and stress relaxation model considering molecular chains of HTPB coating based on pre-strained thermal aging

In order to accurately describe the transverse relaxation characteristic and stress relaxation modulus of HTPB coating during pre-strain thermal aging process, a one month thermal aging test was carried out at 70 C with pre-strain of 0％, 3％, 6％ and 9％, respectively. The low-field 1H NMR and stress relaxation modulus tests were carried out for HTPB coating at different aging stages. The stress relaxation model considering the molecular chains was proposed according to the changes of crosslinking chain and dangling chain of HTPB coating during pre-strain aging. The results showed that with the increase of aging time, the decay rate of transverse relaxation curve became faster, the transverse relaxation time decreased, the value of combined parameter qMrl increased, the proportion of crosslinking chain decreased, while the proportion of dangling chain increased. Moreover, the stress relaxation modulus increased, the crosslinking network structure of HTPB coating became denser and the degree of cross-linking increased. At the initial aging stage, the pre-strain will destroy the crosslinking network structure of HTPB coating to a certain extent. With the increase of aging time, the effect of pre-strain will gradually weaken and the influence of aging on materials will gradually increase. The correlations between the stress relaxation model considering the molecular chains and the test results were more than 0.9950, which can accurately describe the stress relaxation modulus of HTPB coating during the pre-strain thermal aging process.     

Repeater jamming suppression method for pulse Doppler fuze based on identity recognition and chaotic encryption

Pulse Doppler (PD) fuze is widely used in current battlefield. However, with the threat of repeater jamming, especially digital radio frequency memory technology, the deficiency in the anti-repeater jamming of a traditional PD fuze increasingly emerges. Therefore, a repeater jamming suppression method for a PD fuze based on identity (ID) recognition and chaotic encryption is proposed. Every fuze has its own ID which is encrypted with different chaotic binary sequences in every pulse period of the transmitted signal. The thumbtack-shaped ambiguity function shows a good resolution and distance cut-off characteristic. The ability of anti-repeater jamming is emphatically analyzed, and the results at different signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) show a strong anti-repeater jamming ability and range resolution that the proposed method possesses. Furthermore, the anti-repeater jamming ability is influenced by processing gain, bit error rate (BER) and correlation function. The simulation result validates the theo-retical analysis, it shows the proposed method can significantly improve the anti-repeater jamming ability of a PD fuze.     

履带车辆转向性能指标分析及实验研究

转向性能是评价履带车辆机动性的重要指标之一.文中针对转向角速度、转向半径和转向消耗功率3个指标,分别在不考虑履带滑转滑移的理想条件下和考虑履带滑转滑移的实际情况下,对履带车辆的转向性能进行了讨论和分析,对2种条件下履带车辆的转向性能的变化进行了比较.为了对履带车辆在转向过程中履带的滑转和滑移程度进行定量的分析,定义了履带的滑转和滑移系数.通过实车实验,对分析结果进行了验证.     

A generalization of the weighted set covering problem

We study a generalization of the weighted set covering problem where every element needs to be covered multiple times. When no set contains more than two elements, we can solve the problem in polynomial time by solving a corresponding weighted perfect b‐matching problem. In general, we may use a polynomial‐time greedy heuristic similar to the one for the classical weighted set covering problem studied by D.S. Johnson [Approximation algorithms for combinatorial problems, J Comput Syst Sci 9 (1974), 256–278], L. Lovasz [On the ratio of optimal integral and fractional covers, Discrete Math 13 (1975), 383–390], and V. Chvatal [A greedy heuristic for the set‐covering problem, Math Oper Res 4(3) (1979), 233–235] to get an approximate solution for the problem. We find a worst‐case bound for the heuristic similar to that for the classical problem. In addition, we introduce a general type of probability distribution for the population of the problem instances and prove that the greedy heuristic is asymptotically optimal for instances drawn from such a distribution. We also conduct computational studies to compare solutions resulting from running the heuristic and from running the commercial integer programming solver CPLEX on problem instances drawn from a more specific type of distribution. The results clearly exemplify benefits of using the greedy heuristic when problem instances are large. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005