惯性定向定位/导航技术及发展概况

阐述了惯性导航、陀螺罗经定向工作原理和捷联惯性导航的计算问题,以及GPS的有关情况。最后,预测捷联惯性系统和GPS 组合将成为航空、航海和陆地车辆导航定位的主要装置。     

圆锥壳方程的二次渐近解

本文由旋转壳的一对二阶常微分方程得出圆锥壳的复变量方程,利用渐近积分法推导出方程的一次近似解和二次近似解。二次近似解达到薄壳理论所具有的精度,一次近似解也具有足够精度。对于所取算例,本文解的计算结果与已有的Kelvin函数解的结果符合良好。但本文解为有限形式的简单表达式,便于计算应用。     

建立不工作失效率理论预测模型的具体方法

本文介绍了建立不工作失效率理论预测模型的具体方法和途径,提出检验数据是否可用的五条标准,并讨论了模型建立过程中应注意的几个特殊因素。     

基于ANSYS的预应力CFRP布加固混凝土梁有限元分析

采用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对卸载或不卸载时预应力碳纤维(CFRP)布加固梁进行仿真分析,并在有限元分析中提出了施加预应力的方法(升温法),以及利用单元的生与死实现不卸载时加固的方法。通过实例对比分析表明,基于ANSYS的有限元分析结果与试验分析结果吻合较好,可在一定程度上有效替代试验分析方法,从而减少试验所需的时间和费用,对后续的CFRP布加固混凝土结构的研究工作具有一定的参考价值。     

Vondrak-Cepek组合滤波在北斗共视和卫星双向时间比对融合中的应用

为减小卫星双向时间比对(Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer, TWSTFT)中的周日效应,利用北斗共视链路没有周日效应的特点,通过Vondrak-Cepek组合滤波方法对中国科学院国家授时中心(National Time Service Center, NTSC)、德国物理技术研究院(Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, PTB)以及中国计量科学研究院(National Institute of Metrology, NIM)间的北斗共视时间比对结果分别与硬件卫星时间和距离测量设备(SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment, SATRE) TWSTFT和软件接收机(Software-Defined Radio, SDR)TWSTFT结果进行了融合处理。采用时间偏差和幅值频谱两个指标以及GPS精密单点定位(Precise Point Positioning, PPP)时间比对分别对融合结果进行内外符合评估。结果表明,经过Vondrak-Cepek滤波的融合结果中周日效应基本消失,其与GPS PPP链路差值结果的绝对值保持在链路校准的不确定度范围内。对于长基线NTSC-PTB链路,融合结果1 d的时间偏差稳定度对SATRE和SDR TWSTFT的增益因子分别为1.85和1.81;对于短基线NTSC-NIM链路,融合结果对SATRE和SDR TWSTFT的增益因子分别为1.69和1.59。融合结果的短期稳定度显著提高。     

美国陆军旅战斗队化生放核力量研究及启示

化生放核部队是美军重要的作战保障力量。为有效应对化生放核威胁和危害,美国陆军通过重塑旅战斗队化生放核力量,不仅提升了自我保障能力,还具备了全频谱作战和可持续作战能力。本文通过研究和分析美国陆军步兵旅战斗队、斯特赖克旅战斗队和装甲旅战斗队化生放核兵员的力量编制和装备编配,试图为未来一个时期陆军合成旅防化兵建设和发展,实现全域作战和立体防护要求提供一定借鉴。研究表明,美国陆军旅战斗队在旅司令部、营司令部和连司令部编设不同岗位的化生放核参谋,作战指挥能力强;在旅司令部、工兵营、侦察营、步兵营/装甲营和支援营编配了大量便携式化生放核装备和少量车载式化生放核装备,自我保障能力较强。     

Experimental investigation on enhanced damage to fuel tanks by reactive projectiles impact

Enhanced damage to the full-filled fuel tank,impacted by the cold pressed and sintered PTFE/AL/W reactive material projectile(RMP)with a density of 7.8 g/cm3,is investigated experimentally and theoretically.The fuel tank is a rectangular structure,welded by six pieces of 2024 aluminum plate with a thickness of 6 mm,and filled with RP-3 aviation kerosene.Experimental results show that the kerosene is ignited by the RMP impact at a velocity above 1062 m/s,and a novel interior ignition phenomenon which is closely related to the rupture effect of the fuel tank is observed.However,the traditional steel projectile with the same mass and dimension requires a velocity up to 1649 m/s to ignite the kerosene.Based on the experimental results,the radial pressure field is considered to be the main reason for the shear failure of weld.For mechanism considerations,the chemical energy released by the RMP enhances the hydrodynamic ram(HRAM)effect and provides additional ignition sources inside the fuel tank,thereby enhancing both rupture and ignition effects.Moreover,to further understand the enhanced ignition effect of RMP,the reactive debris temperature inside the kerosene is analyzed theoretically.The initiated reactive debris with high temperature provides effective interior ignition sources to ignite the kerosene,resulting in the enhanced ignition of the kerosene.     

Robust cubature Kalman filter method for the nonlinear alignment of SINS

Nonlinear initial alignment is a significant research topic for strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS).Cubature Kalman filter(CKF)is a popular tool for nonlinear initial alignment.Standard CKF assumes that the statics of the observation noise are pre-given before the filtering process.Therefore,any unpredicted outliers in observation noise will decrease the stability of the filter.In view of this problem,improved CKF method with robustness is proposed.Multiple fading factors are introduced to rescale the obser-vation noise covariance.Then the update stage of the filter can be autonomously tuned,and if there are outliers exist in the observations,the update should be less weighted.Under the Gaussian assumption of KF,the Mahalanobis distance of the innovation vector is supposed to be Chi-square distributed.Therefore a judging index based on Chi-square test is designed to detect the noise outliers,determining whether the fading tune are required.The proposed method is applied in the nonlinear alignment of SINS,and vehicle experiment proves the effective of the proposed method.     

Bionic stab-resistant body armor based on triangular pyramid structure

A stab-resistant substrate was designed and realized with a triangular pyramidal structure, inspired by the biological armor model in nature. The stab-resistance behavior and dynamic response mechanisms were studied through numerical simulation and experimental testing of a knife impacting a substrate, and an optimal structural design was obtained accordingly, with a tilted angle of 22.5° and optimal thickness of 1.2 mm. It was shown that the triangular pyramidal structure generated twice the internal energy of the knife than the flat substrate due to the dispersing effect of the structure. The force parallel to the inclination caused a significant scratch on the substrate surface, while the force perpendicular caused obvious substrate deformation. A new riveting method was used to form the total layer, which passed the GA 68—2008 standard. The stab-resistant clothing coupled with the reduced wearing burden could provide effective protection and avoid fatal injuries on security personnel working in dangerous environments. The method provided may enlighten the future design and manufacturing of stab-resistant clothing.     

基于SDN的航空通信服务调度关键问题分析

当前,航空作战平台的发展已逐步由传统"机群"向智能"集群"过渡,因此,依托航空平台信息网络体系,实现用户信息需求与通信资源的有效匹配,成为航空集群通信交互的主要模式.基于航空信息网络在集群作战背景下的应用需求,介绍了航空集群及航空信息网络的研究进展,总结了现有航空信息网络在集群作战应用中存在的问题,阐述了软件定义网络(Software Defined Networking,SDN)技术为其带来的性能优势,并结合集群空战中通信服务调度实现场景分析了亟待解决的关键科学问题.