Military and Veterans’ Health,Health Care,and Wellbeing

Abstract

The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) need to bridge a gap in their understanding of service members’ health outcomes and the issues involved in treatment, such as cost. In addition, clinicians and policy analysts must overcome existing knowledge barriers. Clinicians need to be aware of policy changes that will affect their patient load in numbers and in treatment needs. Policy analysts need to be aware of issues relevant to clinical treatment, such as quality and timeliness of care. Given the need for services and support to military personnel and families, and the fact that the fastest growing expenses in defense are health care costs, a multi-disciplinary line of research will help lawmakers understand the most efficient and effective resource use across the health care services.     

Interactive optimization methodology for fleet scheduling

This article addresses the problem of scheduling the United States Navy's Atlantic Fleet to satisfy overseas strategic requirements. An integer programming formulation is developed but results in a model with prohibitive size. This fact and the qualitative nature of additional secondary objectives and constraints suggest an interactive optimization approach. A system that solves a natural relaxation of the integer program within an interactive environment is discussed.     

基于STEP的AI—ESTATE数据类型转换方法

针对ATML标准中诊断信息描述一致性问题,提出了基于STEP的AI—ESTATE数据类型转换方法。首先介绍了ATML中诊断信息的描述标准,其次分析了AI—ESTATE信息描述的转换方法,然后应用STEP28针对CEM存在的数据类型进行了EXPRESS-XML匹配结构和功能结构一致性研究,最后建立了CEM典型数据类型的XML标准化描述。     

On compounded bivariate poisson distributions

A unified treatment is given for a class of discrete distributions derived by compounding a bivariate Poisson with a bivariate discrete or continuous distribution. Using generating functions a number of interesting results are obtained for probabilities, moments, cumulants, factorial moments, and factorial cumulants. Conditional distributions and regression functions are also examined. Five illustrative examples are presented in detail. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Parallel machine scheduling: A probabilistic analysis

The minimum makespan of the general parallel machine scheduling problem with m machines and n jobs is studied. As for a number of other important combinatorial problems, the theory of empirical processes proves to be a very elegant and powerful tool for the probabilistic analysis of the solution value. It is used in this paper to derive a scheduling constant θ such that, for random processing times, the minimum makespan almost surely grows as θn when n goes to infinity. Moreover, a thorough probabilistic analysis is performed on the difference between the minimum makespan and θn. Explicit expressions for the scheduling constant are given for an arbitrary number of unrelated machines with identically distributed processing times (with an increasing failure rate), and for an arbitrary number of uniform machines and generally distributed processing times. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

On the bivariate negative binomial distribution of mitchell and paulson

The bivariate negative binomial distribution of Mitchell and Paulson [17] for the case b = c = 0 is shown to be equivalent to the accident proneness model of Edwards and Gurland [4] and Subrahmaniam [19,20]. The diagonal series expansion of its joint probability function is then derived. Two other formulations of this distribution are also considered: (i) as a mixture model, which showed how it arises as the discrete analogue to the Wicksell-Kibble bivariate gamma distribution, and (ii) as a consequence of the linear birth-and-death process with immigration.     

State information lag markov decision process with control limit rule

In the framework of a discrete Markov decision process with state information lag, this article suggests a way for selecting an optimal policy using the control limit rule. The properties sufficient for an optimal decision rule to be contained in the class of control limit rules are also studied. The degradation in expected reward from that of the perfect information process provides a measure of the potential value of improving the information system.     

An application of empirical bayes techniques to the simultaneous estimation of many probabilities

Consider the following situation: Each of N different combat units is presented with a number of requirements to satisfy, each requirement being classified into one of K mutually exclusive categories. For each unit and each category, an estimate of the probability of that unit satisfying any requirement in that category is desired. The problem can be generally stated as that of estimating N different K-dimensional vectors of probabilities based upon a corresponding set of K-dimensional vectors of sample proportions. An empirical Bayes model is formulated and applied to an example from the Marine Corps Combat Readiness Evaluation System (MCCRES). The EM algorithm provides a convenient method of estimating the prior parameters. The Bayes estimates are compared to the ordinary estimates, i.e., the sample proportions, by means of cross validation, and the Bayes estimates are shown to provide considerable improvement.