低信噪比下融合随机共振的运动目标检测算法

为提高智能视频监控系统中运动目标检测算法在低信噪比条件下的鲁棒性,结合混合高斯背景建模算法和随机共振原理实现一种低信噪比下的运动目标检测算法。算法根据混合高斯背景模型对当前帧生成目标概率灰度图,在本文定义的性能评价函数下,通过向该概率灰度图添加噪声使得评价函数最优化从而达到随机共振,对该随机共振灰度图进行阈值分割得到输出的检测目标。针对昏暗、大雾和红外视频分别进行了实验,证实了本文算法的有效性同时也显示本文算法相对于普通背景差算法性能获得了明显提升。     

基于时间序列图书借阅的预测与分析

以武警工程大学图书馆2009～2012年的读者借阅流量为基础,基于年、月等时间序列,分别建立了相应读者借阅流量的分布图,对分布规律进行了分析总结,为今后图书馆的管理决策提供了理论依据。     

Guns for Butter? Empirical Evidence from China

Abstract

This study examines the causal nexus between defence spending and education expenditure in China using the bootstrap Granger full-sample causality test and sub-sample rolling window estimation. The full-sample result indicates that there is no causality between defence spending and education expenditure. By adopting a time-varying rolling window approach to revisit the dynamic causal relationships, this article identifies a negative unidirectional causality running from education expenditure to defence spending. The finding suggests that it is the education expenditure crowds out defence spending in China rather than reverse. No causality is demonstrated from defence spending to education expenditure, indicating that an increase in military spending will not crowd out expenditure on education. The results could be partly explained by that the education expenditure in China is below the requirement of corresponding economic growth, urging for more financial budget. Whereas the findings support a negative trade-off between defence and education expenditures, they refute the theory of ‘guns for butter’.     

一类具有阶段结构和潜伏期时滞的SEI模型的全局动力学性态

研究一类具有潜伏期时滞、阶段结构和标准发生率的SEI模型,利用比较定理和单调迭代的方法,分别得到无病平衡点和地方病平衡点全局吸引的充分条件．     

多平台协同搜索水雷效能分析

侦察水雷是水雷战的一项重要内容。在水下无人作战平台和航空反水雷直升机作战平台搜索水雷概率模型分析基础上,给出了多平台协同搜索水雷方案优化模型,经分析归纳得到多平台协同搜索水雷最优方案,可为实际作战中多平台协同搜索水雷方案的制定、优化提供决策支持,具有较高的实用性。     

基于入侵性野草优化算法的平面天线阵列的方向图综合

针对入侵性野草优化(invasive weed optimization,IWO)算法存在早熟收敛和陷入局部最优的问题,提出了一种混沌自适应IWO(chaotic adaptive IWO,CAIWO)算法,并将改进的算法应用于平面阵列天线的方向图综合问题。计算结果表明:该算法的优化结果均优于对比文献中的结果,更适合于阵列天线方向图综合问题。     

高海拔下柴油机燃用含氧燃料的试验研究

为解决高海拔地区因缺氧和燃料燃烧不完全造成的发动机动力下降和燃油消耗率增加的问题,将生物柴油以不同体积分数(5%,10%)掺混到柴油中进行发动机台架试验。通过控制发动机进气压力模拟高海拔条件下含氧燃料的燃烧,考察平原和海拔3 000 m地区不同掺混比例的含氧燃料对发动机性能的影响。结果表明:在平原燃用含氧燃料,发动机功率较燃用纯柴油有所降低,且降幅随生物柴油添加量的增加而增大,同时燃油消耗率上升;在海拔3 000 m地区燃用含氧燃料,发动机功率较燃用纯柴油有所增加,且燃油消耗率下降;不管是在平原还是在海拔3 000 m地区,燃用含氧燃料均能够显著降低HC、CO和碳烟排放,但NOx排放有所增加。     

Information disclosure with endogenous channel structure

This article investigates the firms' optimal quality information disclosure strategies in a supply chain, wherein the supplier may encroach into the retail channel to sell products directly to end consumers. We consider two disclosure formats, namely, retailer disclosure (R-C) and supplier disclosure (S-C), and examine the optimal disclosure format from each firm's perspective. We show that either firm prefers to delegate the disclosure option to its partner when the supplier cannot encroach. However, the threat of supplier encroachment dramatically alters the firm's preference of disclosure. The supplier may prefer the S-C format to the R-C format when the entry cost is low and the disclosure cost is high to achieve a higher quality information transparency. Meanwhile, the retailer may prefer the R-C format to the S-C format when the entry cost is intermediate to deter the possible encroachment of the supplier. In this sense, the firms' preferences of disclosure format can be aligned due to the threat of supplier encroachment. The consumer surplus is always higher under the S-C format while either disclosure format can lead to a higher social welfare. We also consider an alternative scenario under which the supplier encroaches after the product quality information is disclosed. An interesting observation appears that the supplier may encroach when the product quality is low but foregoes encroachment when the product quality gets higher.     

声纳浮标搜潜优化布放技术研究

在航空搜潜中为了提高搜索概率,需要优化声纳浮标群的布放位置。首先建立目标运动模型和累积搜索概率的计算方法,然后采用多点随机搜索、分区&分支界定和遗传算法对规则阵形和不规则阵形的声纳浮标群的布放位置进行优化,相应地建构了三种声纳浮标搜潜优化布放方法。仿真结果表明：在简单环境下搜潜,用前两种方法优化规则浮标阵的阵形参数,其搜索概率高而且运算时间短;在复杂环境下搜潜,利用遗传算法优化不规则浮标阵的布放位置,具有最高的搜索概率但运算时间较长。