军民融合框架下非战争军事行动应急防疫保障体系建设的思考

2020年初发生的"新冠肺炎"疫情是新中国成立以来防控难度最大的重大突发公共卫生事件,也是对军队应急防疫保障体系的实际检验。军队应立足于军民融合战略思想的大背景,着眼非战争军事行动应急防疫保障体系建设的实际,完善重大疫情防控体制机制,进一步健全公共卫生体系,以全面提升防控和救治能力。本文结合当前新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情和以往非战争军事行动应急防疫保障的实践经验,分析了非战争军事行动卫生防疫保障的特点,阐述了其经验做法和存在的不足,从防疫指挥救治、应急物资保障、卫勤保障法律、心理危机干预以及防疫研发攻关等五个方面给出了对策措施,希翼随着军民融合不断深入推进,军地救治经验的相互交流和科研技术的协助攻关,本研究能够为非战争军事行动应急防疫保障体系建设提供一些参考。     

Numerical and experimental study on the response characteristics of warhead in the fast cook-off process

The response characteristics of the warhead under thermal stimuli conditions are important to the safety improvement. The goal of this study is to obtain data on the warhead in the fast cook-off process. In this paper, a numerical calculation method is proposed, whose reliability is supported by comparison with experimental results. Through the numerical calculation, the temperature distribution, temperature change, and ignition time are acquired. The numerical results show that the ignition time is 76 s after the warhead started to burn and that the maximum temperature of the explosive's outer surface is 238.3 C at the ignition time. The fast cook-off experiment of the warhead is implemented so as to get the flame temperature and reaction grades that are not available through numerical calculation. The experimental results show that the overpressure fails to reach the preset minimum value which is equivalent to 6 kg of TNT and that the reaction grade is deflagration. The research results have reference value for the design of the warhead and the reduction of detonation risks.     

解决深层次思想认识问题增强战斗精神教育实效性

增强战斗精神教育的实效性,必须以加强我军根本职能和军人职业道德教育为基本途径、以增强立足现有装备打胜仗的信心为重点、以增强各级干部的责任感和使命感为关键,并积极探索平时培育战斗精神的长效机制,解决官兵思想认识上存在的深层次问题.     

Distribution network design: Selection and sizing of congested connections

This paper focuses on certain types of distribution networks in which commodity flows must go through connections that are subject to congestion. Connections serve as transshipment and/or switching points and are modeled as M/G/1 queues. The goal is to select connections, assign flows to the connections, and size their capacities, simultaneously. The capacities are controlled by both the mean and the variability of service time at each connection. We formulate this problem as a mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem for both the fixed and variable service rate cases. For the fixed service rate case, we prove that the objective function is convex and then develop an outer approximation algorithm. For the variable service rate case, both mean and second moment of service time are decision variables. We establish that the utilization rates at the homogeneous connections are identical for an optimal solution. Based on this key finding, we develop a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the quality of the solution techniques proposed. The essential contribution of this work is the explicit modeling of connection capacity (through the mean and the variability of service time) using a queueing framework. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

军队党组织要崇尚法治,提高依法治军的本领

从严治军是古今中外治军之道的精要所在,依法治军是现代军队建设的一般规律。实践证明,只有坚持依法从严治军,才能从制度和法律上保证党对军队的绝对领导,保持人民军队的性质;保证军队的革命化、现代化、正规化建设的顺利发展,不断提高军队建设的现代化、正规化水平。军队各级党组织要深化认识,增强提高依法治军本领的自觉性;要正视差距,增强提高依法治军本领的紧迫感;要崇尚法治,努力提高依法从严治军的本领。其基本途径是:各级党组织要崇尚法治、摒弃人治,把坚持依法办事作为必具的本领素质;各级党组织要尊重规律、规范权力,走在依法治军的前列;要加强制度创新,为各级党组织依法治军提供可靠的合法性制度保证。     

军事目标打击的辅助决策系统设计研究

现代战争中“目标”已经成为现代指挥作战的“核心”。文章从研究“目标”出发,根据目标选择与打击的特点和辅助决策任务,提出了军事目标打击辅助决策系统设计的初步设想,阐述了该系统的系统结构、系统实现的流程和系统功能,并做了可行性分析。该系统在信息化条件下,较好地为指挥员进行军事目标打击提供了有效的决策工具,更好地加快了军队指挥自动化的步伐。     

海军非战争军事行动中武力使用及限制法律研究

海军非战争军事行动中武力使用政策性强、敏感度高,了解相关法律依据及限制,对于圆满完成各项任务意义重大.海军非战争军事行动中使用武力,必须正确适用相关国际法、国内法;完善海军非战争军事行动武力使用法律保障.     

大型地下超市消防安全综合评估

根据大型地下超市火灾发生发展的规律和特点,建立了大型地下超市消防安全评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定了各影响因素的权重,采用模糊数学方法建立了大型地下超市消防安全综合评估模型,最后结合实例对某大型地下超市的消防安全进行了综合评估,实例证明,该模型对于大型地下超市的消防安全评估具有较强的实用价值。     

Optimal control of a production‐inventory system with both backorders and lost sales

We consider the optimal control of a production inventory‐system with a single product and two customer classes where items are produced one unit at a time. Upon arrival, customer orders can be fulfilled from existing inventory, if there is any, backordered, or rejected. The two classes are differentiated by their backorder and lost sales costs. At each decision epoch, we must determine whether or not to produce an item and if so, whether to use this item to increase inventory or to reduce backlog. At each decision epoch, we must also determine whether or not to satisfy demand from a particular class (should one arise), backorder it, or reject it. In doing so, we must balance inventory holding costs against the costs of backordering and lost sales. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process and use it to characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that the optimal policy can be described by three state‐dependent thresholds: a production base‐stock level and two order‐admission levels, one for each class. The production base‐stock level determines when production takes place and how to allocate items that are produced. This base‐stock level also determines when orders from the class with the lower shortage costs (Class 2) are backordered and not fulfilled from inventory. The order‐admission levels determine when orders should be rejected. We show that the threshold levels are monotonic (either nonincreasing or nondecreasing) in the backorder level of Class 2. We also characterize analytically the sensitivity of these thresholds to the various cost parameters. Using numerical results, we compare the performance of the optimal policy against several heuristics and show that those that do not allow for the possibility of both backordering and rejecting orders can perform poorly.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010     

灰色理论和模糊数学相结合的装备保障能力评估模型

军事装备保障能力的评估研究.对于战斗力的形成和保持有着重要意义.以灰色理论和模糊数学为基础,提出了一种新的装备保障能力评估模型,它是由AHP、灰色聚类分析,模糊评判综合集成而成的,既能体现装备保障能力评估的模糊性,又能充分利用信息,避免了使用单一模糊数学方法的不合理之处,为全面系统评估军事装备保障能力提供了一种新的途径.