高等院校消防专业化学课程理论体系初探

探讨高等院校消防专业的化学课程理论体系设置 ,即从物质的化学组成、化学结构和化学反应出发 ,密切联系现代消防实践中遇到的实际问题 ,介绍有现实应用价值和有潜在应用价值的化学基础理论、基本知识和方法 ,使学生在今后的实际工作中能有意识的运用化学观点去思考、认识和解决问题     

军事概念建模形式化描述语言比较分析

军事概念模型是对军事行为空间进行的第一次抽象,它对军事系统表达的准确性和合理性将是作战仿真模拟质量的关键.随着分布交互仿真和大规模作战仿真的需要,概念模型的通用性和规范化已开始受到人们重视.针对军事系统的复杂性,在众多的建模语言中,选用何种语言进行军事概念建模值得深入研究.IDEF、UML和Petri网是三种应用广泛、功能较强的建模语言,适合复杂系统建模.分析比较了它们的优缺点,探讨了三种方法综合运用的思路,最后给出了一个军事概念建模的实例.     

某型飞机魔球信号采集与分析

从阐述魔球操作对目标瞄准的实现机制入手,分析了数据采集系统的总体结构及采集系统的硬件设计和软件设计思想.实现了对飞机魔球信号的实时采集,并对采集结果进行仿真分析,从而推导出不同相关武器种类、目标与弹轴不同夹角、不同目标距离、不同工作状态下魔球信号的变化规律.     

【专题】人工智能装备质量监督效能研究

近年来,人工智能技术迅速发展和渐趋成熟,在装备领域的应用大放异彩,极大地拓展了传统装备性能,特别是自主性和智能化水平。但人工智能算法本身固有的逻辑推理性差、具有不可解释性和需要学习训练等特性给人工智能装备的质量监督带来了新挑战,现有评价手段的欠缺也使人工智能装备发展在实用可靠方面充满不确定性。本文在总结归纳人工智能装备新特性拓展和质量监督新挑战的基础上,重点围绕有效提升人工智能装备的质量监督展开研究。提出应在夯实基础能力设施建设、注重日常数据采集整理、灵活技术状态管控、研究有效评价手段、强化人才队伍建设和闭环质量信息反馈与利用等六方面加强人工智能装备质量监督的措施建议,以期为人工智能装备的发展建设提供参考。     

Mitigation effects on the reflected overpressure of blast shock with water surrounding an explosive in a confined space

The mitigation of blast shock with water has broad application prospects. Understanding the mitigation effects on the reflected overpressure of the explosion shock with water surrounding an explosive in a confined space is of great significance for military explosives safety applications. To estimate the effects of the parameters on the reflected overpressure of blasted shock wave, a series of experiments were carried out in confined containers with spherical explosives immersed in a certain thickness of water, and numerical simulations were conducted to explore the corresponding mechanisms. The results reveal that the reflected overpressure is abnormally aggravated at a small scaled distance. This aggravation is due to the high impulse of the bulk accelerated water shell converted from the explosion. With increasing scaled distance, the energy will be gradually dissipated. The mitigation effects will appear with the dispersed water phase front impacting at a larger scaled distance, except in the case of a dense water phase state. A critical scaled distance range of 0.7—0.8 m/kg1/3 for effective mitigation was found. It is suggested that the scaled distance of space walls should be larger than the critical value for a certain water-to-explosive weight ratio range (5—20).     

An experiment evaluating how the tiny mass eccentricities in spin-stabilized projectiles affect the position of impact points

This study investigates and quantifies some possible sources affecting the position of impact points of small caliber spin-stabilized projectiles (such as 12.7 mm bullets). A comparative experiment utilizing the control variable method was designed to figure out the influence of tiny eccentric centroids on the projectiles. The study critically analyzes data obtained from characteristic parameter measurements and precision trials. It also combines Sobol's algorithm with an artificial intelligence algorithm—Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS)—in order to conduct global sensitivity analysis and determine which parameters were most influential. The results indicate that the impact points of projectiles with an entry angle of 0° deflected to the left to that of projectiles with an entry angle of 90°. The difference of the mean coordinates of impact points was about 12.61 cm at a target range of 200 m. Variance analysis indicated that the entry angle — i.e. the initial position of mass eccentricity — had a notable influence. After global sensitivity analysis, the significance of the effect of mass eccentricity was confirmed again and the most influential factors were determined to be the axial moment and transverse moment of inertia (Izz Iyy), the mass of a projectile (m), the distance between nose and center of mass along the symmetry axis for a projectile (Lm), and the eccentric distance of the centroid (Lr). The results imply that the control scheme by means of modifying mass center (moving mass or mass eccentricity) is promising for designing small-caliber spin-stabilized projectiles.     

Influence of a liquid-filled compartment structure on the incoming shaped charge jet stability

Liquid-filled compartment structure consists of a bulk steel plate with matrix blind holes which are filled with liquid and a steel front plate to seal up the liquid with rings and bolts.The liquid-filled compart-ment structure can resist the shaped charge warhead effectively.This paper presents experimental and theoretical investigations of the penetration ability of the residual shaped charge jet emerging from the liquid-filled compartment structure after the penetration process at different impact angles.On the basis of shock wave propagation theory,the influence of the liquid-filled compartment structure on jet sta-bility is analysed.The interferences of the liquid backflow caused by a reflected shock wave and a back plate on jet stability under different impact angles are also examined.In addition,the range of the disturbed velocity segments of the jet at different impact angles and the penetration ability of the re-sidual jet are obtained.A theoretical model is validated against the experimental penetration depths.     

基于时间反转声学理论的超声相控阵超分辨率成像方法

在超声相控阵检测领域,常规成像方法遵守瑞利准则,其成像分辨率受到波长限制。研究时间反转多信号分类(Time Reversal-MUltiple SIgnal Classification, TR-MUSIC)方法,在保持超声波工作频率不变且不影响系统探测深度的前提下,可提高成像分辨率,实现超分辨率成像。通过全矩阵采集方法获取被测对象的超声阵列数据;利用平面B扫描和TR-MUSIC方法处理数据,得到二维和三维超声图像;依据图像特征评估被测对象内部状况。实验选取加工不锈钢试块作为被测对象,搭建超声相控阵检测系统,在试块内部加工6个直径为1 mm、可视为点散射体的相邻贯通孔作为缺陷。实验表明,TR-MUSIC方法能够区分并定位这6个相邻点散射体,而平面B扫描方法则不能。因此,基于时间反转声学理论的TR-MUSIC方法可以提高成像分辨率,改善超声图像质量。     

战术级空地联合行动空域管控:空中"红绿灯"技术

随着装备、体系的不断进步,未来战争呈现多兵种联合作战的趋势,空地协同联合作战成为主流,战术级空域管控技术的研究至关重要.通过对传统空域管控技术的优缺点进行分析,提出了战术级空中"红绿灯"空域管控技术.通过对空域切分、"空中"红绿灯运转流程以及系统防碰撞的研究,形成了完整的战术级空域管控方法.提高空域利用率、时效性的同时,为我军进行战场空域管控提供了参考.     

基于兵棋推演的分队战斗行动方案评估

为了解决分队战斗行动方案评估的问题,研究了一种基于兵棋推演的分队战斗行动方案评估方法.根据分队战斗方案的构成要素,基于战斗想定建立评估行动方案的效力函数;针对战斗行动的动态性,采用决策点控制的方法,制定战斗行动方案可能的分支,并利用兵棋对4个具体的战斗行动方案进行动态演化作战过程推演,得到逼真的交战数据,对实验统计数据进行分析,并利用效力函数得到满意的结果.