Scheduling parallel machines with inclusive processing set restrictions

We consider the problem of assigning a set of jobs to different parallel machines of the same processing speed, where each job is compatible to only a subset of those machines. The machines can be linearly ordered such that a higher‐indexed machine can process all those jobs that a lower‐indexed machine can process. The objective is to minimize the makespan of the schedule. This problem is motivated by industrial applications such as cargo handling by cranes with nonidentical weight capacities, computer processor scheduling with memory constraints, and grades of service provision by parallel servers. We develop an efficient algorithm for this problem with a worst‐case performance ratio of + ε, where ε is a positive constant which may be set arbitrarily close to zero. We also present a polynomial time approximation scheme for this problem, which answers an open question in the literature. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

A hybrid method for simulation factor screening

Factor screening is performed to eliminate unimportant factors so that the remaining important factors can be more thoroughly studied in later experiments. Controlled sequential bifurcation (CSB) and controlled sequential factorial design (CSFD) are two new screening methods for discrete‐event simulations. Both methods use hypothesis testing procedures to control the Type I Error and power of the screening results. The scenarios for which each method is most efficient are complementary. This study proposes a two‐stage hybrid approach that combines CSFD and an improved CSB called CSB‐X. In Phase 1, a prescreening procedure will estimate each effect and determine whether CSB‐X or CSFD will be used for further screening. In Phase 2, CSB‐X and CSFD are performed separately based on the assignment of Phase 1. The new method usually has the same error control as CSB‐X and CSFD. The efficiency, on the other hand, is usually much better than either component method. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2010     

基于接收分集的MIMO雷达性能分析

基于接收分集的MIMO雷达发射端采用阵元间距为半波长的均匀线阵,各子阵元发射相互正交的信号,而接收阵元间距满足空间分集条件。由于天线阵元之间紧密分布的发射阵列可以当作一发射站处理,因此该MIMO雷达的结构与一发多收多基地雷达类似。分析比较了双基地雷达、一发多收多基地雷达和接收分集MIMO雷达的检测性能和模糊函数,指出接收分集MIMO雷达具有良好的检测性能、方位角分辨力和较低的"自身杂波",这有利于微弱目标的检测、目标的高精度定位、虚假目标的消除以及雷达系统可观察目标动态范围的提高。     

焦平面红外弱小目标检测新算法

针对焦平面红外图像中运动弱小点目标的检测问题,基于形态学滤波器和模糊决策融合构建了一种新的弱小目标检测算法。针对单帧检测,基于目标在实测红外图像上所呈现的凸包结构特点,设计了圆形形态学滤波器结构,并引入神经网络进行圆形形态学滤波器结构元素优化设计。同时在多帧关联检测的基础上,引入决策融合概念,基于贝叶斯最小风险准则建立了基于模糊决策融合的序列关联检测方法。实测数据的处理结果表明:针对低信噪比图像(SNR≈2),在虚警概率≤1%情况下,新算法对复杂红外弱小目标图像检测概率≥98%,有效地提高了检测算法的性能。     

虚拟战场中坦克的快速碰撞检测算法

为了使虚拟战场中的坦克仿真运动有较高的真实性,必须处理坦克与场景中的物体及地形的碰撞问题。提出了碰撞检测的简化包围盒算法及地形匹配算法,分别解决这两种碰撞问题。在地形匹配算法中,依据地形平均曲率划定地形范围,地形平缓的地带采用两点匹配法,变化较为剧烈的地带采用三点匹配法。这两种简化的处理方法降低了系统的计算要求,满足了系统仿真的真实性需求。     

精密坐标镗床CNC系统研究

介绍了作者研制的通用ＣＮＣ系统,该系统以ＡＳＴ３８６作为控制器,采用ＰＷＭ驱动直流伺服电机,并配以软、硬件接口;文中对该系统的主要组成部分作了分析,在此基础上应用传统的ＰＩＤ控制方法设计数字控制器;最后通过实验验证了该系统的输出响应和控制器的性能。     

Optimal production and maintenance policy for imperfect production systems

A joint optimization of the production run length and preventive maintenance (PM) policy is studied for a deteriorating production system where the in‐control period follows a general probability distribution with non‐decreasing failure rate. In the literature, the sufficient conditions for the optimality of the equal‐interval PM schedule is explored to derive an optimal production run length and an optimal number of PM actions. Nevertheless, an exhaustive search may arise. In this study, based on the assumption that the conditions for the optimality of the equal‐interval PM schedule hold, we derive some structural properties for the optimal production/PM policy, which increases the efficiency of the solution procedure. These analyses have implications for the practical application of the production/PM model to be more available in practice. A numerical example of gamma shift distribution with non‐decreasing failure rates is used to illustrate the solution procedure, leading to some insight into the management process. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Fully sequential indifference‐zone selection procedures with variance‐dependent sampling

Fully sequential indifference‐zone selection procedures have been proposed in the simulation literature to select the system with the best mean performance from a group of simulated systems. However, the existing sequential indifference‐zone procedures allocate an equal number of samples to the two systems in comparison even if their variances are drastically different. In this paper we propose new fully sequential indifference‐zone procedures that allocate samples according to the variances. We show that the procedures work better than several existing sequential indifference‐zone procedures when variances of the systems are different. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Bin‐packing problem with concave costs of bin utilization

We consider a generalized one‐dimensional bin‐packing model where the cost of a bin is a nondecreasing concave function of the utilization of the bin. Four popular heuristics from the literature of the classical bin‐packing problem are studied: First Fit (FF), Best Fit (BF), First Fit Decreasing (FFD), and Best Fit Decreasing (BFD). We analyze their worst‐case performances when they are applied to our model. The absolute worst‐case performance ratio of FF and BF is shown to be exactly 2, and that of FFD and BFD is shown to be exactly 1.5. Computational experiments are also conducted to test the performance of these heuristics. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

违宪审查制度研究

由于我国目前违宪审查、宪法诉讼机制还不完善,所以在司法实践中出现了“宪法私法化”现象。考察了国外有关国家的相关制度,以期对我国建立科学、完善的违宪审查、宪法诉讼制度有所裨益。