机动管线流量在线实时监测技术研究

输送流量在线实时监测是准确掌握机动管线运行工况、优化运行方案、分析判断泄漏的关键之一。分析了容积式、速度式和差压式等常用流量监测技术的技术特征与使用条件,根据机动管线的作业特点和要求,优选出涡街流量监测技术作为该管线系统的流量在线实时监测技术;分析了机动管线输送过程中管道振动对涡街流量计计量精度的影响,提出了几种不同的抗振防干扰技术,并应用于机动管线涡街流量监测装置的研制。样机试验表明,采用抗振技术的涡街流量监测装置检测精度能满足机动管线流量在线实时监测需求。     

A mathematical formulation and efficient heuristics for the dynamic container relocation problem

The container relocation problem (CRP) is concerned with emptying a single yard‐bay which contains J containers each following a given pickup order so as to minimize the total number of relocations made during their retrieval process. The CRP can be modeled as a binary integer programming (IP) problem and is known to be NP‐hard. In this work, we focus on an extension of the CRP to the case where containers are both received and retrieved from a single yard‐bay, and call it the dynamic container relocation problem. The arrival (departure) sequences of containers to (from) the yard‐bay is assumed to be known a priori. A binary IP formulation is presented for the problem. Then, we propose three types of heuristic methods: index based heuristics, heuristics using the binary IP formulation, and a beam search heuristic. Computational experiments are performed on an extensive set of randomly generated test instances. Our results show that beam search heuristic is very efficient and performs better than the other heuristic methods.Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 101–118, 2014     

改进MPSP的高超声速滑翔飞行器滑翔段制导

针对多约束条件下高超声速滑翔飞行器滑翔段再入制导问题,提出一种改进的预测-校正制导方法。该方法基于模型预测静态规划(MPSP),将三维轨迹快速在线生成方法作为初值生成器,解决了MPSP制导方法提供猜测值困难、对于初始偏差需要重新计算参考轨迹的问题。建立了基于能量的运动学模型,推导了MPSP预测-校正制导律。探讨了初始下降段对滑翔段的影响因素,针对滑翔段初值干扰和气动参数摄动问题,进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明,改进的MPSP预测-校正制导方法能够有效利用精确的猜测值,提高了计算效率,对干扰初值和气动摄动具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于分形维数的数字调制信号识别

在复杂的电磁环境下,如何快速准确地对低信噪比下的常见通信信号进行较全面的识别是一个亟待解决的问题。在对信号分形维数仿真讨论的基础上,提出了一种新的通信信号识别方法。首先,对接收到的信号进行预处理,然后提取其盒维数和信息维数,将两者作为识别的特征参数,最后基于支持向量机实现未知信号的识别。由仿真结果分析可知:预处理后的信号序列的盒维数和信息维数分离度高且受噪声和信号参数的影响小,识别结果较好。在信噪比为5 dB时,不同调制类型信号间的识别准确率最低为87%。     

An economic lot‐sizing problem with perishable inventory and economies of scale costs: Approximation solutions and worst case analysis

The costs of many economic activities such as production, purchasing, distribution, and inventory exhibit economies of scale under which the average unit cost decreases as the total volume of the activity increases. In this paper, we consider an economic lot‐sizing problem with general economies of scale cost functions. Our model is applicable to both nonperishable and perishable products. For perishable products, the deterioration rate and inventory carrying cost in each period depend on the age of the inventory. Realizing that the problem is NP‐hard, we analyze the effectiveness of easily implementable policies. We show that the cost of the best Consecutive‐Cover‐Ordering (CCO) policy, which can be found in polynomial time, is guaranteed to be no more than (4 + 5)/7 ≈ 1.52 times the optimal cost. In addition, if the ordering cost function does not change from period to period, the cost of the best CCO policy is no more than 1.5 times the optimal cost. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

主减速器噪声测试台胶带轮系的多目标优化

为降低轿车主减速器噪声测试试验台本底噪声，其传动系统采用了四对三角胶带传动。本文论述的三角胶带轮必须满足：传动比要求、重量最轻、转动惯量最小、制造成本最低，故对三角胶带轮采用了多目标优化设计，其优化结果用于试验台的效果令人满意。     

低速凤洞均匀抽吸地板系统

在KD－03低速风洞中研制了一种附面层可人为地控制的均匀抽吸地板系统。在不同来流速度和不同抽吸系数条件下，对均匀抽吸地板上附面层速度分布进行了实验研究。实验结果与理论计算结果一致。在该地板上的高速列车模型风洞实验的结果与国外同类模型在移动带地板上的实验结果一致。利用均匀抽吸地板可有效地消除阻面层的影响，从而提高模型风洞实验气动力的试验精度。     

虚拟加工过程的建模与仿真

提出并建立了虚拟加工过程来对实际加工状况进行仿真，从而在零件正式生产之前就能预见和评估其加工过程中可能出现的问题，并加以解决。文中还介绍了虚拟加工过程的结构、建模技术和仿真过程。     

低Ni/改性Al2O3催化剂表面性质表征

本文用氧吸附法和程序升温脱附（ＴＰＤ）法分别考察低Ｎｉ／改性Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的分散度，环已烷和苯的吸附脱附性能。结果表明：该催化剂分散性好，表面至少存在两种吸附中心。苯、环已烷在该催化剂的表面上属于一级可逆吸附脱附过程，催化剂表面能量分布不均匀。