Monitoring the market or the salesperson? The value of information in a multilayer supply chain

We study a supply chain in which a manufacturer relies on a salesperson to sell the products to the consumers. The sales outcome is determined by a random market condition and the salesperson's service level, both of which are privately observed by the salesperson. Apart from them, there are two types of resellers: a knowledgeable reseller observes the market condition, whereas a diligent reseller can monitor the service level. While delegating to a reseller enhances information acquisition, it may also result in double marginalization and inefficiency. We identify several operating regimes in which double marginalization can be eliminated via simple contracts and establish the benefit of monitoring the salesperson over monitoring the market. Our dominance result is not prone to our model characteristics regarding the complementarity of market condition and sales effort, the relative importance of adverse selection and moral hazard, and the contract form. We then generalize our model and re‐establish the dominance result in the presence of reseller's risk aversion or private monitoring expertise. We also quantify the performance gaps among different selling schemes under various scenarios. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

基于小采样周期的机动目标模型跟踪性能研究

分析了小采样周期条件下“当前”统计模型、基于速度估计的自适应模型及自适应常加速度模型,对3种模型的稳态性能和动态性能进行了分析比较,并对3种模型的机动目标跟踪效果进行了仿真。仿真结果表明：小采样周期条件下,3种模型的稳态跟踪性能一致,而在动态跟踪条件下自适应加速度模型性能更优。     

对一个重要极限证明中使用循环论证问题的质疑

有的著作认为在极限公式limx→0sinxx=1的证明中,要用到圆(扇形)的面积公式S=21Lr,而对后者的证明中必须要用到重要极限limx→0sinxx=1,从而犯了循环论证的错误。魏晋刘徽的“割圆术”是对无限问题的独特认识和致用的处理方式,是为证明圆面积公式而设计出来的一种方法。刘徽之前,希腊的阿基米德用穷竭法也证明了圆的面积公式。其中,刘徽的证法强调计算的程序性和构造性,而阿基米德则倾向于演绎的严谨性。这两种证明说明limx→0sinxx=1证明所谓的循环论证是可以避免的。     

用于射频/红外复合制导半实物仿真的波束组合器

射频/红外双模复合制导技术的不断发展引发了对射频/红外双模复合制导半实物仿真系统的需求,而波束组合器是半实物仿真系统的关键部件。讨论了波束组合器技术以及波束组合器对单脉冲雷达测角精度影响的测试方法。     

可见光成像制导半实物仿真中的图像生成技术

目标成像仿真系统是半实物仿真试验中的关键设备,计算机图像生成技术又是成像仿真中的一项关键技术。根据可见光成像制导半实物仿真的需求,从星体数据的坐标转换、星体和目标的位置和亮度控制,以及在计算机仿真的虚拟空间中导引头与目标之间的相对关系等方面,讨论了目标/星光背景动态场景的软件研制过程,实现了高帧频目标/星光背景场景的动态生成,并在仿真试验中得到应用。     

基于复杂背景的图像分割算法

针对圆柱形钢棒在线计数特定的复杂背景提出了基于双阈值结合数学形态学运算的分割算法。首先分别根据2个阈值进行分割得到2幅二值图像,然后根据目标是圆形以及其大致位置等先验知识分别对2幅图进行腐蚀,开启,闭合等数学形态学运算,最后将高阈值分割得到的图像中的边界信息叠加到低阈值分割得到的图像中。实验结果表明,本方法作为本系统的图像预处理是有效的。     

谈CAI在化学教学中的作用

本文从CAI在化学教学中可以提高教学水平和质量,培养学生自学和创新思维的能力,提高教师的业务素质三方面进行了探讨,分析了CAI在化学教学中的作用。     

高师化学实验考核方法的研究与实践

本文讨论了高师化学实验课的考核方法。考核由全程考核、技能考核、书面考试及设计实验组成。应用结果表明:此方法能真实的反映学生的知识、能力、素质,是较为科学、便于实施的教学效果评价体系。     

武器系统电磁信息泄漏与防护初探

在论述了电磁泄漏所带来的影响的基础上,初步探讨了武器系统的电磁信息泄漏机理,论述了进行电磁泄漏防护的相关方法,展望了下一步需要继续研究的相关内容。     

Rare‐event component importance for the consecutive‐k system

Various indices of component importance with respect to system reliability have been proposed. The most popular one is the Birnbaum importance. In particular, a special case called uniform Birnbaum importance in which all components have the same reliability p has been widely studied for the consecutive‐k system. Since it is not easy to compare uniform Birnbaum importance, the literature has looked into the case p = ½, p → 1, or p ≥ ½. In this paper, we look into the case p → 0 to complete the spectrum of examining Birnbaum importance over the whole range of p. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 159–166, 2002; DOI 10.1002/nav.10001