Scheduling a production–distribution system to optimize the tradeoff between delivery tardiness and distribution cost

We consider a make‐to‐order production–distribution system with one supplier and one or more customers. A set of orders with due dates needs to be processed by the supplier and delivered to the customers upon completion. The supplier can process one order at a time without preemption. Each customer is at a distinct location and only orders from the same customer can be batched together for delivery. Each delivery shipment has a capacity limit and incurs a distribution cost. The problem is to find a joint schedule of order processing at the supplier and order delivery from the supplier to the customers that optimizes an objective function involving the maximum delivery tardiness and the total distribution cost. We first study the solvability of various cases of the problem by either providing an efficient algorithm or proving the intractability of the problem. We then develop a fast heuristic for the general problem. We show that the heuristic is asymptotically optimal as the number of orders goes to infinity. We also evaluate the performance of the heuristic computationally by using lower bounds obtained by a column generation approach. Our results indicate that the heuristic is capable of generating near optimal solutions quickly. Finally, we study the value of production–distribution integration by comparing our integrated approach with two sequential approaches where scheduling decisions for order processing are made first, followed by order delivery decisions, with no or only partial integration of the two decisions. We show that in many cases, the integrated approach performs significantly better than the sequential approaches. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

油管油压信号的载荷识别

在高速柴油发动机喷油系统性能检测中,一般以燃油压力信号作为喷油系统性能检测参量。通过对油压波形进行分析来判断喷油系统的工作状况,阐述了采用载荷识别技术识别油压信号的频谱特性,进而得到其时域波形的理论与方法,并在模拟试验中获得了识别结果。     

编辑人员心理健康问题探讨

编辑作为人类精神财富的创造者和传递者,其工作压力大、职业隐匿性强、社会认同感不高,存在着一些心理健康风险。分析编辑人员产生心理问题的原因,从开展心理教育和咨询、加强自身修养和自我心理调适、营造和谐愉快的氛围等方面探讨解决编辑心理问题的措施。     

Book Reviews

Patrick Finney (ed.), The Origins of the Second World War. London: Arnold, 1997. Pp.xvi + 461, index. £15.99. ISBN 0–340–67640‐X.

Maria Emilia Paz, Strategy, Security, and Spies: Mexico and the US as Allies in World War II. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997. Pp.xii + 264, 10 illus., biblio., index. $55 (cloth); $19.95 (paper). ISBN 0–271–01665–5 and 01666–3.

Norman J.W. Goda, Tomorrow the World: Hitler, Northwest Africa and the Path toward America. College Station, Texas A&;M University Press, 1998. Pp.xxvi + 307, 2 maps, biblio., index. $39.95. ISBN 0–89096–807–1.

Michael J. Hogan, A Cross of Iron: Harry S. Truman and the Origins of the National Security State, 1945–1954. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Pp.xii + 525, biblio., index. £25; $34.95. ISBN 0–521–64044‐X.

Stephen Van Evera, Causes of War: Power and the Roots of Conflict. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1999. Pp.viii + 270, index. $35. ISBN 0–801403201–4.

Eric Arnett (ed.), Nuclear Weapons and Arms Control in South Asia after the Test Ban, SIPRI Research Report No.14. Oxford: Oxford University Press/Stockholm Int Peace Research Institute, 1998. Pp.viii + 98, index. £12.99. ISBN 0–19–8294115.

T.V. Paul, Richard J. Harknett and James J. Wirtz (eds.), The Absolute Weapon Revisited: Nuclear Arms and Emerging International Order. Ann Arbor, Michigan: The University of Michigan Press, 1998. Pp.vi + 312, index. $47.50/£36. ISBN 0–472–10863–8.     

脂肪胺类化合物在盐酸介质中对工业纯铝缓蚀作用的研究

通过失重法、电化学方法分别研究了正丁胺、二乙胺、乌洛托品在 1.0mol·dm-3 HCl中对铝的缓蚀作用 ,并对其机理进行了探讨 .研究结果表明 :3种化合物对工业纯铝均具有一定的缓蚀作用 .缓蚀效果 :乌洛托品 >二乙胺 >正丁胺 ,随着时间的延长 ,它们的缓蚀效率逐渐降低 .3种化合物均可在工业纯铝表面吸附成膜 ,抑制铝的腐蚀 ,为混合型缓蚀剂     

Exact algorithms for scheduling multiple families of jobs on parallel machines

In many practical manufacturing environments, jobs to be processed can be divided into different families such that a setup is required whenever there is a switch from processing a job of one family to another job of a different family. The time for setup could be sequence independent or sequence dependent. We consider two particular scheduling problems relevant to such situations. In both problems, we are given a set of jobs to be processed on a set of identical parallel machines. The objective of the first problem is to minimize total weighted completion time of jobs, and that of the second problem is to minimize weighted number of tardy jobs. We propose column generation based branch and bound exact solution algorithms for the problems. Computational experiments show that the algorithms are capable of solving both problems of medium size to optimality within reasonable computational time. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 50: 823–840, 2003.     

自蔓延高温合成基础理论研究进展

通过对自蔓延高温合成技术的发展及应用领域的介绍 ,重点阐述了自蔓延高温合成中燃烧理论及热力学与动力学核心内容 ,并介绍了该技术领域中不同的基础理论研究方法。     

需求开发的WRSPM参考模型研究

针对需求开发过程中涉及到的系统以及各系统之间的关系,提出了需求开发的WRSPM五元素参考模型,对参考模型中元素和元素之间的关系进行了较明确的定义,做出对参考模型的形式化描述。比较分析了将WRSPM参考模型与功能文档描述模型(FDM),并得出了参考模型的特点。     

贝叶斯网络在军事作战中的应用现状及展望

介绍了贝叶斯网络的产生及其研究概况,详细阐述了国内外关于贝叶斯网络在军事作战领域的应用研究状况,特别是在战场态势威胁评估、装备损伤评估、目标毁伤效能评估、智能攻击决策、目标侦查与识别、飞行安全六个领域的研究成果。进一步论述了贝叶斯网络在军事应用研究方面存在的问题,指出了贝叶斯网络在军事应用领域中的研究热点、难点。对贝叶斯网络的军用前景做出了总结和展望。     

考虑战损件回收再造的战场军需备件供应优化研究

在考虑军需备件需求和战损件修复不确定性的条件下,研究了战场上军需备件供应优化问题,建立了优化问题的数学模型,证明了模型的凸函数特性,给出了模型的最优解析解计算方法.