Aligning national “logics” in a European military helicopter program

This article analyzes the public side of the NH90 network consisting of four participating countries (Germany, France, Italy, and the Netherlands) and their industrial partners. Comparable to observations in earlier international projects in the defense sector, the development and production of the NH90 defense helicopter did not match original plans and costs estimates. On the basis of four mechanisms that were intended to facilitate the cooperation between the partnering countries (the General Memorandum of Understanding; coalition formation; the role of the central agency; and the process of vertical escalation) the question is posed whether or not there was a true alignment of national interests and “logics.” The lack of standardization, as well as program delays and issues concerning the division of the work-share, lead to the emerging alignment being characterized as “quasi-alignment” at best.     

驱动线圈极性排列方式对多级同步感应线圈发射器加速性能的影响

为提高多级同步感应线圈发射器的加速性能,以5级同步感应线圈发射器为例,在定义驱动线圈极性相对排列方式的基础上,基于场-路耦合的时步有限元分析方法,研究了驱动线圈极性排列方式对其加速性能的影响,结果表明:驱动线圈同极性相对排列方式更有助于提高发射效率。通过分析内部磁场的分布规律,探讨了驱动线圈同极性相对排列方式改善加速性能的原因,最后通过比较电枢内的感应电流密度的方法验证了分析的正确性。     

Improved bounds for batch scheduling with nonidentical job sizes

Here, we revisit the bounded batch scheduling problem with nonidentical job sizes on single and parallel identical machines, with the objective of minimizing the makespan. For the single machine case, we present an algorithm which calls an online algorithm (chosen arbitrarily) for the one‐dimensional bin‐packing problem as a sub‐procedure, and prove that its worst‐case ratio is the same as the absolute performance ratio of . Hence, there exists an algorithm with worst‐case ratio , which is better than any known upper bound on this problem. For the parallel machines case, we prove that there does not exist any polynomial‐time algorithm with worst‐case ratio smaller than 2 unless P = NP, even if all jobs have unit processing time. Then we present an algorithm with worst‐case ratio arbitrarily close to 2. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 351–358, 2014     

基于分岔理论的数字液压缸稳定性分析与设计

为将分岔理论应用于数字液压缸稳定性分析与设计,对系统非线性模型进行了等价变换和光滑处理,同时为克服刚性问题影响,基于量纲分析理论通过选择合适的基本量将模型无因次化,并采用预测-校正延拓法确保分岔求解的精度和效率。在各自可行区间内,对重要参数和不确定参数进行了单参数分岔分析,结果表明:数字液压缸的初始设计具有一定的稳定裕度和鲁棒性,系统受不确定参数的影响较小;运用分岔理论,能够有效揭示各参数对系统动态稳定性的影响,为系统参数设计提供指导。     

多弯头管道磁致伸缩导波无损检测技术

为了研究超声导波在弯管中的传播特性及检测可行性,使用磁致伸缩导波仪器及传感器对多弯头管道进行了检测实验,并对弯管中导波的传播速度、模态转换、能量衰减等现象进行了探讨。结果表明:当弯管弯曲程度较小时,弯管中导波传播速度与直管中近似;弯管中导波存在明显的模态转换现象;弯管中导波能量随着时间近似呈指数形式衰减,且衰减规律与激励频率存在密切联系。该研究结果可以为复杂结构弯曲管道的导波检测提供参考。     

Changing the paradigm: Simulation,now a method of first resort

Decades ago, simulation was famously characterized as a “method of last resort,” to which analysts should turn only “when all else fails.” In those intervening decades, the technologies supporting simulation—computing hardware, simulation‐modeling paradigms, simulation software, design‐and‐analysis methods—have all advanced dramatically. We offer an updated view that simulation is now a very appealing option for modeling and analysis. When applied properly, simulation can provide fully as much insight, with as much precision as desired, as can exact analytical methods that are based on more restrictive assumptions. The fundamental advantage of simulation is that it can tolerate far less restrictive modeling assumptions, leading to an underlying model that is more reflective of reality and thus more valid, leading to better decisions. Published 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 293–303, 2015     

基于全维PI观测器的混沌系统鲁棒故障检测设计

研究了在干扰存在情况下基于全维PI观测器的混沌系统鲁棒故障检测设计问题。基于一类Sylvester矩阵方程的参数化解,给出了干扰和残差信号解耦的充要条件,并建立了具有鲁棒故障检测功能的全维PI观测器设计的参数化方法。Lorenz混沌系统的数值算例及其计算结果表明：在干扰存在的情况下,基于全维PI观测器的混沌系统鲁棒故障检测设计方法简单有效。     

地空导弹武器系统抗饱和攻击能力研究

通过确定地空导弹武器系统抗饱和攻击能力的重要效能指标,分析地空导弹武器系统服务每枚来袭目标的过程,建立了地空导弹武器系统服务模型。在此基础上,建立了一种基于MonteCarlo法的地空导弹武器系统抗饱和攻击能力模型,并对模型进行了仿真分析。结果表明,该模型可真实地反映目标流强度对地空导弹武器系统服务目标数、杀伤目标数和消耗弹药数的影响,可为地空导弹武器系统的运用提供有益参考。     

Economic ordering decisions with market choice flexibility

Standard approaches to classical inventory control problems treat satisfying a predefined demand level as a constraint. In many practical contexts, however, total demand is comprised of separate demands from different markets or customers. It is not always clear that constraining a producer to satisfy all markets is an optimal approach. Since the inventory‐related cost of an item depends on total demand volume, no clear method exists for determining a market's profitability a priori, based simply on per unit revenue and cost. Moreover, capacity constraints often limit a producer's ability to meet all demands. This paper presents models to address economic ordering decisions when a producer can choose whether to satisfy multiple markets. These models result in a set of nonlinear binary integer programming problems that, in the uncapacitated case, lend themselves to efficient solution due to their special structure. The capacitated versions can be cast as nonlinear knapsack problems, for which we propose a heuristic solution approach that is asymptotically optimal in the number of markets. The models generalize the classical EOQ and EPQ problems and lead to interesting optimization problems with intuitively appealing solution properties and interesting implications for inventory and pricing management. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

装备保障指挥决策支持模型体系构建

以装备保障指挥决策过程为研究对象,针对传统决策方式准确性低、决策支持模型不全等问题,在分析装备保障指挥决策基本内涵及程序的基础上,提出了装备保障指挥决策支持模型三维框架结构,并对按功能和内容维展开的预测模型、评估模型和优化模型作了较为详细的描述。