Distribution network design: Selection and sizing of congested connections

This paper focuses on certain types of distribution networks in which commodity flows must go through connections that are subject to congestion. Connections serve as transshipment and/or switching points and are modeled as M/G/1 queues. The goal is to select connections, assign flows to the connections, and size their capacities, simultaneously. The capacities are controlled by both the mean and the variability of service time at each connection. We formulate this problem as a mixed integer nonlinear optimization problem for both the fixed and variable service rate cases. For the fixed service rate case, we prove that the objective function is convex and then develop an outer approximation algorithm. For the variable service rate case, both mean and second moment of service time are decision variables. We establish that the utilization rates at the homogeneous connections are identical for an optimal solution. Based on this key finding, we develop a Lagrangian relaxation algorithm. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the quality of the solution techniques proposed. The essential contribution of this work is the explicit modeling of connection capacity (through the mean and the variability of service time) using a queueing framework. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

军队党组织要崇尚法治,提高依法治军的本领

从严治军是古今中外治军之道的精要所在,依法治军是现代军队建设的一般规律。实践证明,只有坚持依法从严治军,才能从制度和法律上保证党对军队的绝对领导,保持人民军队的性质;保证军队的革命化、现代化、正规化建设的顺利发展,不断提高军队建设的现代化、正规化水平。军队各级党组织要深化认识,增强提高依法治军本领的自觉性;要正视差距,增强提高依法治军本领的紧迫感;要崇尚法治,努力提高依法从严治军的本领。其基本途径是:各级党组织要崇尚法治、摒弃人治,把坚持依法办事作为必具的本领素质;各级党组织要尊重规律、规范权力,走在依法治军的前列;要加强制度创新,为各级党组织依法治军提供可靠的合法性制度保证。     

Optimal control of a production‐inventory system with both backorders and lost sales

We consider the optimal control of a production inventory‐system with a single product and two customer classes where items are produced one unit at a time. Upon arrival, customer orders can be fulfilled from existing inventory, if there is any, backordered, or rejected. The two classes are differentiated by their backorder and lost sales costs. At each decision epoch, we must determine whether or not to produce an item and if so, whether to use this item to increase inventory or to reduce backlog. At each decision epoch, we must also determine whether or not to satisfy demand from a particular class (should one arise), backorder it, or reject it. In doing so, we must balance inventory holding costs against the costs of backordering and lost sales. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process and use it to characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that the optimal policy can be described by three state‐dependent thresholds: a production base‐stock level and two order‐admission levels, one for each class. The production base‐stock level determines when production takes place and how to allocate items that are produced. This base‐stock level also determines when orders from the class with the lower shortage costs (Class 2) are backordered and not fulfilled from inventory. The order‐admission levels determine when orders should be rejected. We show that the threshold levels are monotonic (either nonincreasing or nondecreasing) in the backorder level of Class 2. We also characterize analytically the sensitivity of these thresholds to the various cost parameters. Using numerical results, we compare the performance of the optimal policy against several heuristics and show that those that do not allow for the possibility of both backordering and rejecting orders can perform poorly.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010     

灰色理论和模糊数学相结合的装备保障能力评估模型

军事装备保障能力的评估研究.对于战斗力的形成和保持有着重要意义.以灰色理论和模糊数学为基础,提出了一种新的装备保障能力评估模型,它是由AHP、灰色聚类分析,模糊评判综合集成而成的,既能体现装备保障能力评估的模糊性,又能充分利用信息,避免了使用单一模糊数学方法的不合理之处,为全面系统评估军事装备保障能力提供了一种新的途径.     

人民解放军参加西藏民主改革的经过

20世纪50年代末60年代初期,在平息西藏反动上层发动的全面武装叛乱后.进藏人民解放军各部队按照中共中央的要求,为确保西藏民主改革顺利实施,承担起光荣的历史使命,以多种方式积极投身于西藏民主改革运动中,充分发挥了战斗队的职能.为西藏民主革命事业的胜利做出重大贡献.     

心理战装备体系概述

心理战装备是心理战专业力量用于实施和保障战斗行动的武器、武器系统以及与之配套的其他军事技术装备的统称。文章阐述了心理战装备体系,是为了配合武力战,满足一定的战略需求或作战任务需要,由功能上相互联系又互相补充的若干个心理战装备构成的有机整体,主要提供心理作战能力。     

从四渡赤水到脱出金沙

1935年,进入西南地区的中央红军与"追剿"的蒋介石和国民党军展开周旋。国民党军欲一举置红军于死地,红军则要在困境中奋力图存。遵义会议后重新执掌红军领导权的毛泽东,一开始并未找到最适合红军生存的途径。经过几次试探,他很快敏锐意识到红军不能与国民党军展开硬碰硬的较量,而是要审时度势,毅然决然选择最有利的生存道路。一旦固有思维消解,在崇山峻岭、国民党方面又各自为战的西南地区,前路就豁然开朗。最终,红军在金沙江脱出了国民党军的包围圈。这一段历史充分证明,准确估计自己的力量,打破既有思维模式,对政治力量而言,具有何等重要的意义。     

基于信息论方法的军事电子信息系统综合

军事电子信息系统综合化已成为当今军事领域发生重要变革的显著标志。通过阐述军事电子信息系统的需求与发展,在深入分析军事电子信息系统结构特征的基础上,借鉴航空电子系统综合思想,依据信息论方法提出了一种按总线方式建立综合军事电子信息系统的新思路,并给出了实现综合的系统结构图,最后指出了实现军事电子信息系统综合化的途径。     

装备动员中知识产权问题的成因及其启示

首先对装备动员中知识产权问题的成因进行了分析,然后从军队装备自我保障体系存在的问题、装备承包商和非承包商在装备动员中的作用以及进口武器的装备保障等几个方面探讨了知识产权问题对我国装备动员建设的启示。     

用逆滤波基音同步分析提取声门波的方法

根据语音研究的要求,提出一种运用逆滤波基音同步分析提取声门波的方法,此方法可以比较准确地提取声门波。文中讨论了这种方法的原理、实现及其结果。