特种防护舱抗爆性能试验研究

为探讨特种防护舱抗爆性能,进行了舱内爆炸原型试验,研究不同装药量下开闭盖状态防护舱内爆炸时的空气冲击波超压和舱体位移过程。结果表明:同药量下闭盖状态的空气冲击波超压明显高于开盖状态,即封闭舱内偶然爆炸时空气冲击波超压更高;随装药量的增大,舱壁的空气冲击波超压也在增大;舱体侧壁经过多次正反射作用均未发生碎片反应,顶盖泄爆措施对降低底板的空气冲击波超压十分有利;距爆心较近处的位移均比距爆心较远处的位移大。原型试验舱体完全破坏,但结构未发生崩溃式破坏,并无碎片及内爆的二次破片飞出,舱体具有一定的抗爆性能和较好的防破片能力。     

高海拔下柴油机燃用含氧燃料的试验研究

为解决高海拔地区因缺氧和燃料燃烧不完全造成的发动机动力下降和燃油消耗率增加的问题,将生物柴油以不同体积分数(5%,10%)掺混到柴油中进行发动机台架试验。通过控制发动机进气压力模拟高海拔条件下含氧燃料的燃烧,考察平原和海拔3 000 m地区不同掺混比例的含氧燃料对发动机性能的影响。结果表明:在平原燃用含氧燃料,发动机功率较燃用纯柴油有所降低,且降幅随生物柴油添加量的增加而增大,同时燃油消耗率上升;在海拔3 000 m地区燃用含氧燃料,发动机功率较燃用纯柴油有所增加,且燃油消耗率下降;不管是在平原还是在海拔3 000 m地区,燃用含氧燃料均能够显著降低HC、CO和碳烟排放,但NOx排放有所增加。     

基于犯罪预防的高层住宅小区防卫设计策略探析

过快的城市化进程引发了包括住区犯罪在内的一系列城市问题。住宅小区的规划设计虽不是导致犯罪发生的直接原因,但其在设计上的缺陷却为犯罪的实施提供了一定的便利。高层住宅小区相比于多层住宅小区,在基于犯罪预防的防卫设计层面存在更为突出的问题。从现状入手,通过实地调研,分析了高层住宅小区在防卫设计上的难点,并从车行道路的规划、半公共领域的界定、单体设计的要点、绿化设计的布局等4个方面提出了防卫设计策略,为高层住宅小区的规划设计提供参考。     

一种应用于舰船编队的频谱分配辅助决策算法

为了避免舰船编队作战过程中电子设备间的电磁干扰,提高电磁频谱分配的准确性和快速性,需要对编队实施电磁频谱管理。文章首先提出编队电磁频谱管控的整体方案,并创新性地提出一种基于表上作业法和范例推理相结合的电磁频谱管理辅助决策算法求解编队频谱分配问题。利用该算法实现频谱分配功能,对于减少决策失误、缩短分配时间、提高舰船编队电磁频谱管理能力,具有重要而现实的意义。     

舰船水消防系统战斗损伤的智能重构决策与应用

针对当前舰船水消防系统监控点信息孤立、智能化决策程度不高的问题,构建了基于节点的水消防系统功能逻辑模型,提出了基于战斗损伤的水消防系统破损隔离重构使用智能决策算法,并据此开发了水消防智能监控系统。案例对比计算和系统测试检验的结果表明,该智能决策算法以及智能监控系统可以有效提升分析决策的速度和精度,显著提高指挥控制的效率,为水消防系统的战斗破损使用提供有效的支撑。     

Inventory financing under Risk-Adjusted-Return-On-Capital criterion

Risk-Adjusted-Return-On-Capital (RAROC) is a loan-pricing criterion under which a bank sets the loan term such that a certain rate of return is achieved on the regulatory capital required by the Basel regulation. Some banks calculate the amount of regulatory capital for each loan under the standardized approach (“standardized banks,” the regulatory capital is proportional to the loan amount), and others under the internal rating-based (IRB) approach (“IRB banks,” the regulatory capital is related to the Value-at-Risk of the loan). This article examines the impact of the RAROC criterion on the bank's loan-pricing decision and the retailer's inventory decision. We find that among the loan terms that satisfy the bank's RAROC criterion, the one that benefits the retailer the most requires the bank to specify an inventory advance rate in addition to the interest rate. Under this loan term, the retailer's inventory level is more sensitive to his asset level when facing an IRB bank compared to a standardized bank. An IRB (standardized) loan leads to higher profit and inventory level for retailers with high (low) asset. For retailers with medium asset, an IRB loan results in a higher retailer profit but a lower consumer welfare. Calibrated numerical study reveals that the benefit of choosing standardized banks (relative to IRB banks) can be as high as 30% for industries with severe capital constraints, volatile demands, and low profit margins, highlighting the importance for retailers to carefully choose the type of banks to borrow from. When the interest rate is capped by regulation, retailers borrowing from a standardized bank are more likely to be influenced by the interest rate cap than those borrowing from an IRB bank. Under strong empire-building incentives (the bank will offer loan terms to maximize the size of the loan), retailers with medium initial asset level shift their preference from IRB banks to standardized banks.     

可调喷油规律下喷油提前角对柴油机性能的影响

为获取可调喷油规律条件下喷油提前角对柴油机性能的影响规律及成因机理,在实现可调喷油规律喷射的基础上,基于Fire软件建立了柴油机工作过程计算模型,并通过试验对模型中的主要参数进行标定,进而利用模型分析靴形喷油规律下柴油机性能随喷油提前角的变化。结果表明:随着增压时刻的滞后,喷油规律由矩形过渡到斜坡形再到靴形,实现了灵活可调的喷油规律。在靴形喷油规律条件下,存在一个最佳的喷油提前角,使柴油机的动力性和经济性均达到最优。同时,随着喷油提前角的增大,柴油机缸内压力、缸内温度以及放热率均逐渐升高,且到达各自最大值的时刻前移,而NO_x排放量和碳烟排放量则分别呈现增加和减小的趋势。     

Efficient algorithms for flexible job shop scheduling with parallel machines

Job shop scheduling with a bank of machines in parallel is important from both theoretical and practical points of view. Herein we focus on the scheduling problem of minimizing the makespan in a flexible two-center job shop. The first center consists of one machine and the second has k parallel machines. An easy-to-perform approximate algorithm for minimizing the makespan with one-unit-time operations in the first center and k-unit-time operations in the second center is proposed. The algorithm has the absolute worst-case error bound of k − 1 , and thus for k = 1 it is optimal. Importantly, it runs in linear time and its error bound is independent of the number of jobs to be processed. Moreover, the algorithm can be modified to give an optimal schedule for k = 2 .     

东莞商业中心超长混凝土结构无缝施工技术

在超长钢筋混凝土结构施工中,为防止混凝土受温度应力和干缩应力而引起开裂,通常采用设置后浇带的方法加以处理.一般每30～40 m设一道后浇带,40～50 d后再浇筑膨胀混凝土.这种常规的后浇带施工,工序复杂,施工时间长,质量不易保证.东莞商业中心三期B区H-6项目工程施工中,结合超长混凝土结构的具体特点,采用超长混凝土结...     

利用面元法计算舰船在水底引起的压力分布

舰船水压场的研究是设计新型水压水雷、研制水压扫雷具以及舰船自身防护的依据,具有重要的军事意义.基于船舶水动力学势流理论.建立了计算有限水深舰船水压场的数学模型.采用Hess-Smith方法将面源分布于船体表面,对舰船在有限水深引起的水底压力变化进行了数值计算,并与已有的实验结果进行了比较.进一步分析了舰船水压场的分布特...