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321.
A company wishes to estimate or predict its financial exposure in a reporting period of length T (typically one quarter) because of warranty claims. We propose a fairly general random measure model which allows computation of the Laplace transform of the total claim made against the company in the reporting interval due to warranty claims. When specialized to a Poisson process of both sales and warranty claims, statistical estimation of relevant quantities is possible. The methodology is illustrated by analyzing automobile sales and warranty claims data from a large car manufacturer for a single car model and model year. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
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In this paper, we derive new families of facet‐defining inequalities for the finite group problem and extreme inequalities for the infinite group problem using approximate lifting. The new valid inequalities for the finite group problem include two‐ and three‐slope facet‐defining inequalities as well as the first family of four‐slope facet‐defining inequalities. The new valid inequalities for the infinite group problem include families of two‐ and three‐slope extreme inequalities. These new inequalities not only illustrate the diversity of strong inequalities for the finite and infinite group problems, but also provide a large variety of new cutting planes for solving integer and mixed‐integer programming problems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
324.
This article presents new tools and methods for finding optimum step‐stress accelerated life test plans. First, we present an approach to calculate the large‐sample approximate variance of the maximum likelihood estimator of a quantile of the failure time distribution at use conditions from a step‐stress accelerated life test. The approach allows for multistep stress changes and censoring for general log‐location‐scale distributions based on a cumulative exposure model. As an application of this approach, the optimum variance is studied as a function of shape parameter for both Weibull and lognormal distributions. Graphical comparisons among test plans using step‐up, step‐down, and constant‐stress patterns are also presented. The results show that depending on the values of the model parameters and quantile of interest, each of the three test plans can be preferable in terms of optimum variance. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
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影响图建模算法的改进 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
影响图建模方法是一种规范化的复杂系统建模方法,其实质是将表征复杂系统的参量及参量间的耦合关系进行分类,并以此为基础建立系统的数学模型.影响图建模算法就是将系统的参量及参量间的耦合关系进行分类的算法.目前使用的算法是James R.Burns于1979年提出的.该算法仅考虑了最小的反馈回路,而没有考虑影响图中存在的一般反馈回路,且一些操作造成了不必要的循环.在分析该算法的基础上,考虑了一般的反馈回路,并对原算法的操作步骤进行了优化重组. 相似文献
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Nicholas G. Hall 《海军后勤学研究》1988,35(3):319-325
This article concerns a multi-item, infinite-horizon, lot-sizing problem, where the objective is to minimize a total cost function made up of reordering cost, holding cost, and a cost determined by peak inventory levels. By spreading inventory replenishments over the reordering cycle, the peak inventory level can be reduced. The model permits the derivation of simultaneously optimal solutions for the length of the cycle and the individual item replenishment times within the cycle. An alternative formulation, in which total storage capacity is modeled as a constraint, is also solved. 相似文献
330.
A machine-replacement problem is analyzed in a technological-development environment, in which a new-type machine (built by a new technology) may appear in the future. The solution of the replacement problem depends on purchasing, operating, and resale costs, and on the probability distribution of the market debut of the new technology, and it indicates whether to replace the existing machine now with an available similar type of machine, or to continue to operate the existing machine for at least one more period. A dynamic discounted cost model is presented, and a method is suggested for finding the optimal age for replacement of an existing machine (under rather general conditions of a technological environment). A solution procedure and a numerical example are given. 相似文献