【专题】基于深度学习及FPGA的装备目标检测研究

本文应用深度学习技术实现海天背景下基于可见光、红外方式成像的舰船及角反、烟幕干扰的目标检测,这也是反舰导弹作战使用的关键技术之一。采集的可见光与红外成像目标检测数据集涵盖实施典型干扰下的态势场景,贴近实战;结合四种不同的目标检测机制,选取YOLOV3、Faster R-CNN、SSD及CenterNet四种典型模型分别进行训练与验证,通过对比分析进一步提高弱小目标、复杂干扰态势的的检测,可以实现端到端的高精度装备目标检测模型。在确保精度的前提下基于现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）进行软硬件协同设计,通过对比分析选定基于Vitis AI的实施方案,经过模型的量化、编译与优化,可在保证检测效率的前提下快速实现模型的小型化部署,便于进行装备移植。研究结果表明,该研究内容可有效提高现役反舰导弹目标检测的准确率。     

Rigid elliptical cross-section ogive-nose projectiles penetration into concrete targets

The elliptical cross-section ogive-nose projectile (ECOP) has recently attracted attention because it is well suited to the flattened shape of earth-penetrating weapons. However, the penetration performance of ECOPs has not been completely understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the pene-tration performance of ECOPs into concrete targets using a theoretical method. A general geometric model of ECOPs was introduced, and closed-form penetration equations were derived according to the dynamic cavity-expansion theory. The model was validated by comparing the predicted penetration depths with test data, and the maximum deviation was 15.8％. The increment in the penetration depth of the ECOP was evaluated using the proposed model, and the effect of the major—minor axis ratio on the increment was examined. Additionally, the mechanism of the penetration-depth increment was inves-tigated with respect to the caliber radius head, axial stress, and resistance.     

Fabrication and characterization of Al-CuO nanocomposites prepared by sol-gel method

In this study, Al-CuO nanocomposites were fabricated by sol-gel method. As a contrast, the thermite was prepared by physical mixing at the equivalence ratio of 0.5, 1, 2, respectively. The intermediates and samples as prepared were characterized by SEM and XRD. The exothermic properties of the two samples prepared at different equivalence ratios were tested and the reaction products were characterized by XRD. The SEM results show that the sample prepared by the sol-gel method demonstrates a micron-sized agglomerated sphere formed by a mutual wrapping of Al NPs and CuO NPs, and the particles are evenly distributed in the agglomerate. In addition, when the content of Al powder is seriously insufficient, the heat release of the sample prepared by physical mixing is 1.6 times that of by sol-gel method. With the increase of Al powder content, the exothermic properties of Al/CuO NPs prepared by sol-gel method began to increase significantly compared with physical mixing and the difference is 1.5 times when the equivalence ratio increases to 2. It can be concluded that the reason for this result may be attributed to the different mass transfer modes of components due to the different morphologies of samples.     

舰空导弹武器系统抗干扰能力试验方法

针对舰空导弹武器系统抗干扰能力考核需求,提出一种试验方法,基于舰空导弹武器系统的制导控制系统半实物仿真试验对多种干扰环境下的武器系统抗干扰能力进行逐一检验,通过外场飞行试验进行典型工况下的验证,该方法实现了对舰空导弹武器系统抗干扰成功概率的有效考核,还可以支撑对防空导弹武器系统在单一、复合干扰形式下的抗干扰能力指标的评估.     

基于Flexsim的两栖舰船装卸载流程可视化仿真研究

两栖舰船装卸载是登陆作战重要环节,是登陆作战兵力安全、可靠、快速上陆的基本保障.采用Flexsim可视化工具对两栖舰船装卸载两栖车辆作业流程进行可视化建模仿真,通过实时仿真两栖车辆装卸载过程,分析两栖舰船装载方案和装载流程存在的瓶颈问题,从而为优化两栖舰船装载方案和作业流程提供决策依据.     

多平台空间目标观测协同调度问题

针对空间目标观测的平台多样性、单次观测不确定性、任务层次优先性等现实问题,从多平台任务协同分配的角度,统一考虑夭基、地基固定、地基移动观测平台,建立面向空间目标应急观测异构平台预调度模型,基于STK和改进NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行了仿真验证,为构建天地一体空间目标观测体系建立提供有益借鉴.     

Disruption management in production planning

We study the problem of recovering a production plan after a disruption, where the disruption may be caused by incidents such as power failure, market change, machine breakdown, supply shortage, worker no‐show, and others. The new recovery plan we seek after has to not only suit the changed environment brought about by the disruption, but also be close to the initial plan so as not to cause too much customer unsatisfaction or inconvenience for current‐stage and downstream operations. For the general‐cost case, we propose a dynamic programming method for the problem. For the convex‐cost case, a general problem which involves both cost and demand disruptions can be solved by considering the cost disruption first and then the demand disruption. We find that a pure demand disruption is easy to handle; and for a pure cost disruption, we propose a greedy method which is provably efficient. Our computational studies also reveal insights that will be helpful to managing disruptions in production planning. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

A concave‐cost production planning problem with remanufacturing options

We focus on the concave‐cost version of a production planning problem where a manufacturer can meet demand by either producing new items or by remanufacturing used items. Unprocessed used items are disposed. We show the NP‐hardness of the problem even when all the costs are stationary. Utilizing the special structure of the extreme‐point optimal solutions for the minimum concave‐cost problem with a network flow type feasible region, we develop a polynomial‐time heuristic for the problem. Our computational study indicates that the heuristic is a very efficient way to solve the problem as far as solution speed and quality are concerned. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

次氯酸钙乳液消毒剂模拟剂的研究

研究了一种次氯酸钙乳液消毒剂的模拟剂,以及一些影响稳定性因素．该模拟剂是以氢氧化钙为分散相,水为分散介质,表面活性剂和无机盐为稳定剂组成．实验结果表明,该模拟剂具有与次氨酸钙消毒乳液相同的物理性能,并且无污染,可用于教育、作训之中．     

放射性气溶胶连续监测仪的快速测量算法

介绍了一种放射性气溶胶的快速测量算法,可应用于β放射性气溶胶连续监测仪中。仪器采用了取样和测量同时进行的全新测量机制,通过在β／α比率法的基础上引入仪器特有的快速测量算法,可使得仪器不仅具有较高的探测灵敏度,同时还具有响应时间短的特点。