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针对空间多站无源定位极值问题,以时差定位原理为研究对象,重点对多距离定位极值进行算法推导,深入分析多站定位的最优精度问题;并以定位极值理论为依据,结合较为全面的仿真案例验证,分析不同误差影响因素下时差定位精度的分布规律;研究表明,多站布站方式是影响空间定位的重要因素之一,为实际工程应用的多站定位算法设计和优化提供了技术支持. 相似文献
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Chain damage is a new phenomenon that occurs when a reactive jet impacts and penetrates multi-spaced plates.The reactive jet produces mechanical perforations on the spaced plates by its kinetic energy(KE),and then results in unusual chain rupturing effects and excessive structural damage on the spaced plates by its deflagration reaction.In the present study,the chain damage behavior is initially demonstrated by experiments.The reactive liners,composed of 26 wt%Al and 74 wt%PTFE,are fabricated through a pressing and sintering process.Three reactive liner thicknesses of 0.08 CD,0.10 CD and 0.12 CD(charge diameter)are chosen to carry out the chain damage experiments.The results show a chain rupturing phenomenon caused by reactive jet.The constant reaction delay time and the different penetration velocities of reactive jets from liners with different thicknesses result in the variation of the deflagration position,which consequently determines the number of ruptured plates behind the armor.Then,the finite-element code AUTODYN-3D has been used to simulate the kinetic energy only-induced rupturing effects on plates,based on the mechanism of behind armor debris(BAD).The significant discrepancies between simulations and experiments indicate that one enhanced damage mechanism,the behind armor blast(BAB),has acted on the ruptured plates.Finally,a theoretical model is used to consider the BAB-induced enhancement,and the analysis shows that the rupturing area on aluminum plates depends strongly upon the KE only-induced pre-perforations,the mass of reactive materials,and the thickness of plates. 相似文献
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Jian-hao Dou Xin Jia Zheng-xiang Huang Xiao-hui Gu Ying-min Zheng Bin Ma Qiang-qiang Xiao 《防务技术》2021,17(3):846-858
The use of a shaped liner driven by electromagnetic force is a new means of forming jets. To study the mechanism of jet formation driven by electromagnetic force, we considered the current skin effect and the characteristics of electromagnetic loading and established a coupling model of"Electric—Magnetic—Force"and the theoretical model of jet formation under electromagnetic force. The jet formation and penetration of conical and trumpet liners have been calculated. Then, a numerical simulation of liner collapse under electromagnetic force, jet generation, and the stretching motion were performed using an ANSYS multiphysics processor. The calculated jet velocity, jet shape, and depth of penetration were consistent with the experimental results, with a relative error of less than 10%. In addition, we calculated the jet formation of different curvature trumpet liners driven by the same loading condition and ob-tained the influence rule of the curvature of the liner on jet formation. Results show that the theoretical model and the ANSYS multiphysics numerical method can effectively calculate the jet formation of liners driven by electromagnetic force, and in a certain range, the greater the curvature of the liner is, the greater the jet velocity is. 相似文献
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Information technology (IT) infrastructure relies on a globalized supply chain that is vulnerable to numerous risks from adversarial attacks. It is important to protect IT infrastructure from these dynamic, persistent risks by delaying adversarial exploits. In this paper, we propose max‐min interdiction models for critical infrastructure protection that prioritizes cost‐effective security mitigations to maximally delay adversarial attacks. We consider attacks originating from multiple adversaries, each of which aims to find a “critical path” through the attack surface to complete the corresponding attack as soon as possible. Decision‐makers can deploy mitigations to delay attack exploits, however, mitigation effectiveness is sometimes uncertain. We propose a stochastic model variant to address this uncertainty by incorporating random delay times. The proposed models can be reformulated as a nested max‐max problem using dualization. We propose a Lagrangian heuristic approach that decomposes the max‐max problem into a number of smaller subproblems, and updates upper and lower bounds to the original problem via subgradient optimization. We evaluate the perfect information solution value as an alternative method for updating the upper bound. Computational results demonstrate that the Lagrangian heuristic identifies near‐optimal solutions efficiently, which outperforms a general purpose mixed‐integer programming solver on medium and large instances. 相似文献
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语法学习能在一定程度上保证语言的地道性、流畅性和实用性。但就目前来看,英语学习者学习语法的积极性普遍不高,不少英语学习者抱怨英语语法项目琐碎繁杂、语法学习枯燥无聊。针对此现状,本文尝试将ARCS模型的四类动机策略整合于初中英语语法教学,以期有效激发并维持学习者的语法学习热情,提高语法教学效果。 相似文献
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道德行为是道德判断的结果,而道德判断往往受到情绪的影响。愤怒和愉快是对个人行为产生影响的两种不同的典型情绪状态。通过采用情绪启动范式进行了实验研究,从愤怒和愉快两种情绪状态和情绪强度两个方面,对初高中生共444人的道德判断水平进行了考察。结果发现愤怒情绪状态下中学生的道德判断得分明显的高于愉快情绪状态,高中生的得分明显高于初中生,情绪的强度对中学生道德判断水平没有影响。 相似文献