卫星信息对抗研究

卫星在现代战争中发挥着越来越大的的作用,总结了利用公开信息、光学跟踪系统、雷达跟踪系统、无源定位等对卫星进行搜索、监视的方法.对电子侦察卫星、成像侦察卫星、导弹预警卫星、通信卫星、全球定位系统等卫星的干扰方法进行了探讨.讨论了激光、粒子束武器等定向能武器对卫星的硬杀伤.     

应急指挥决策方案的模糊综合评价研究

针对灾害现场应急指挥决策方案优选问题,提出了方案优选评价的可行性、时效性和安全性指标,应用模糊数学的相关理论构建了模糊综合评价的数学模型,采取专家调查打分法解决了方案评价影响因素的权重值及其评价等级的隶属度的确定问题,并采取加权平均算法对权重集A和影响因素评判隶属度矩阵R进行运算,得到的结果不仅反映了所有因素权值的影响,而且保留了单因素评判的全部信息,能够体现"模糊综合评价"的实质。     

新形势下消防组织的绩效管理及评价

以新型消防组织的管理绩效为研究对象,运用现代组织绩效管理的方法和工具,探讨在消防组织内部采用绩效评价方法提升管理水平的可能性。采用层次分析和模糊数学的方法,对设定绩效指标体系进行评价分析,为新形势下消防组织的管理提供新的方法和思路。     

联合作战实验组织实施方法

联合作战实验组织实施方法是综合集成理论在联合作战实验领域的应用成果。首先论述实验模式、实验阶段划分,然后论述实验人员的职责分工、作战实验的组织实施方法,最后给出联合作战实验组织实施示例。     

PMESI：一种优化进程私有数据访问的缓存一致性协议

并行应用程序中绝大部分的访存是对私有数据的访问,在cache一致性协议上不会产生冲突。传统一致性协议没有根据程序私有数据的访问模式进行针对性设计,存在着很大的优化空间。针对以上的问题,提出了一种支持私有状态的cache一致性协议PMESI,通过动态关闭和激活内存空间的cache一致性目录,优化私有内存空间的访问延迟和功耗。通过时钟精确模拟器的测试,PMESI协议优化了程序中54%的访存,并行程序的执行时间平均缩短了9%。     

The impact of demand uncertainty on product line design under endogenous substitution

The existing product line design literature devotes little attention to the effect of demand uncertainty. Due to demand uncertainty, the supply‐demand mismatch is inevitable which leads to different degrees of lost sales depending on the configuration of product lines. In this article, we adopt a stylized two‐segment setup with uncertain market sizes and illustrate the interplay between two effects: risk pooling that mitigates the impact of demand uncertainty and market segmentation that facilitates consumer differentiation. Compared to downward substitution, inducing bidirectional substitution through product line decisions including quality levels and prices can yield greater risk pooling effects. However, we show that the additional benefit from the risk pooling effect cannot compensate for the reduced market segmentation effect. We demonstrate that the presence of demand uncertainty can reduce the benefit of market segmentation and therefore the length of product lines in terms of the difference between products. We also propose three heuristics that separate product line and production decisions; each of these heuristics corresponds to one particular form of demand substitution. Our numerical studies indicate that the best of the three heuristics yields performance that is close to optimality. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 143–157, 2015     

Technical note – operational statistics: Properties and the risk‐averse case

Consider a repeated newsvendor problem for managing the inventory of perishable products. When the parameter of the demand distribution is unknown, it has been shown that the traditional separated estimation and optimization (SEO) approach could lead to suboptimality. To address this issue, an integrated approach called operational statistics (OS) was developed by Chu et al., Oper Res Lett 36 (2008) 110–116. In this note, we first study the properties of this approach and compare its performance with that of the traditional SEO approach. It is shown that OS is consistent and superior to SEO. The benefit of using OS is larger when the demand variability is higher. We then generalize OS to the risk‐averse case under the conditional value‐at‐risk (CVaR) criterion. To model risk from both demand sampling and future demand uncertainty, we introduce a new criterion, called the total CVaR, and find the optimal OS under this new criterion. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 206–214, 2015     

Optimal pricing and scheduling control of product shipping

In this article, we seek to understand how a capacity‐constrained seller optimally prices and schedules product shipping to customers who are heterogeneous on willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to wait (WTW). The capacity‐constrained seller does not observe each customer's WTP and WTW and knows only the aggregate distributions of WTP and WTW. The seller's problem is modeled as an M/M/N_s queueing model with multiclass customers and multidimensional information screening. We contribute to the literature by providing an optimal and efficient algorithm. Furthermore, we numerically find that customers with a larger waiting cost enjoys a higher scheduling priority, but customers with higher valuation do not necessarily get a higher scheduling priority. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 215–227, 2015     

面向分层混合存储架构的协同式突发缓冲技术

科学计算产生和分析的数据规模日益增长,高性能计算机的存储系统在体系架构和软件管理方法上面临重大挑战。针对天河-2系统的新型分层混合存储架构,提出一种由应用程序耦合的协同式突发缓冲技术来有效利用其存储资源优势。该方法采用运行时动态耦合的方法,将临近计算任务的分布式高速存储资源聚合成为一个的巨大的协同式突发缓冲区,通过采用文件命名空间投影的映射方法组织全局数据视图,利用位置亲和和感知数据意图的方法来挖掘空间局部性和时间局部性,并利用应用并发度感知的策略优化数据移动效率。天河-2系统的测试结果表明,该方法能够有效优化多种典型应用场景,可获得高可扩展的突发并行输出带宽和稳定的持续并行输出带宽,可显著提升数据分析场景的输入/输出性能,适合应用于大规模超级计算机的存储系统。     

在分离式Hopkinson拉杆实验中确定临界实验条件的经验方法

在分离式Hopkinson拉杆实验中,常常需要获得试样在经历一个拉力脉冲拉断情况下的最低应变率,而在分离式Hopkinson拉杆装置中确定对应最低应变率的发射压力需要进行多次尝试性实验。为了更好地解决这一问题,提出一种简单的经验方法,可以通过一次拉断的实验结果计算出一个拉力脉冲拉断试样需要的最小发射压力及相应的应变率,进一步可以预测不同发射压力下的应变率。对4种铝合金试样进行拉伸实验,结果表明,利用提出的经验方法得到的应变率结果与实验结果吻合较好,可以有效地对发射压力和实验应变率进行预估。