A guarantee rate optimization model for wastewater treatment system design under uncertainty

We consider a design problem for wastewater treatment systems that considers uncertainty in pollutant concentration levels at water sources. The goal is to optimize the selection of treatment technologies and pipeline connections, so that treated wastewater can achieve specified effluents discharge limits as well as possible. We propose a new two-stage model to optimize a set of guarantee levels, that is, the maximum concentration level of source pollutants for which treated wastewater can be compliant with discharge limits. In the first stage, treatment technologies and pipeline connections are selected. In the second stage, when pollutant concentration levels are revealed, wastewater distribution and mixing are determined. A key attractiveness of the proposed guarantee rate optimization model is that it can be simplified into a single-stage mixed-integer linear program. In our numerical experiments based on real-world pollutants data, the guarantee rate model demonstrates its advantages in terms of computational efficiency, scalability and solution quality, compared with the standard probability maximization model. Finally, the methodology proposed in this paper can also be applied to other two-stage problems under uncertainty with similar uncertainty characteristics.     

基于正交试验的某车载速迫自动机参数优化

为优化某车载速射迫击炮自动机结构参数,提高关重件疲劳寿命,利用SOLIDWORKS建立该自动机的三维模型,利用PATRAN生成自动扳机和弹壳的柔性模态中性文件,导入ADAMS中建立其刚柔耦合动力学模型,通过动力学分析获得连发射击条件下的仿真结果,与试验结果进行比较,证明了所建虚拟样机的可信性,联合MSC.PATRAN/NASTRAN/FATIGUE疲劳分析软件对关重件进行疲劳寿命分析,基于正交试验法进行不同参数组合下的仿真优化分析,得到了最佳参数的组合结果,提高了关重件的疲劳寿命,同时,也为优化其他装备提供实用性参考依据。     

激光制备高附着性能的铜基类金刚石膜

提升类金刚石(Diamond-Like Carbon, DLC)膜在被保护基底上的附着能力具有明显的实际应用价值。从微观机理上分析了前期设计的Cu基多层DLC膜有效性的原因。在此基础上,研究了DLC/SiC循环层中两者厚度比例对膜层的附着性能、纳米硬度和耐磨性的影响,以优化结构、进一步提升实际应用所需的膜层性能。纳米划痕和压痕测试结果表明:随着DLC层与SiC层厚度比例的增大,多层DLC膜在Cu基上附着性能逐渐降低,但当厚度比小于2.3时,仍接近厚度400 nm的单层DLC膜在Si基上的附着性能;Cu基多层DLC膜的纳米硬度逐渐提高,同时,耐磨性接近纯DLC膜。     

基于灰色模型的电磁轨道发射装置温度研究

在电磁发射过程中导轨温度受众多因素影响,而其中部分因素很难进行精确分析,为此运用灰色系统的分析方法对电磁轨道发射装置温度进行研究。为获取模型所需实验数据,搭建电磁轨道发射装置测试系统,并借此测量发射过程中的电流、导轨温度、出口速度等数据。由于测量仪器限制,借助ANSYS有限元仿真对测得的导轨温度数据进行修正,以获得导轨内表面温度。基于经典GM(1,N)模型与Simpson公式,提出一种改进型灰色模型,并以此方法对导轨温度展开研究,进一步选取同能级试验,对不同位置处各因素温升贡献度进行讨论。结论为进一步深入研究导轨温度提供参考和依据。     

基于区域覆盖度的航迹灰关联算法

研究了在雷达存在系统误差情况下的航迹关联问题,分析了时变系统误差对航迹形成的影响,将系统时变误差的影响用灰区域来描述。提出了一种基于区域覆盖度的航迹关联算法,研究了算法在不同条件下的适用性,并将该算法拓展应用到异步等速率情况下,带有时间误差和系统误差直接进行关联,仿真结果显示关联正确率较高。     

采用S-Tag的M-DSP片上存储DMA访问优化

针对自主设计的M-DSP,提出并设计实现了一种基于Tag副本(S-Tag)的片上SRAM DMA访问数据相关性维护机制,该机制以流水化方式实现,在基本对CPU无打扰的前提下,有效支撑了DMA数据的无阻塞传递。仿真和芯片实测结果表明,该机制硬件开销较小,并在有效带宽和带宽利用率上均优于已有典型同类芯片。     

内置环形耐压液舱周向连接形式应力分析

针对内置式耐压液舱结构的应力变化规律,对比分析了不同载荷工况下,两种不同液舱顶板结构形式及变截面肋骨对液舱壳板的变形和应力的影响。结果表明:对于不同的液舱顶板形式,变截面肋骨角度β存在最优值;在液舱周向范围一定的情况下,肋骨肋板间的连接形式对液舱顶板纵向应力影响显著,而β主要影响液舱顶板的周向应力。     

新型导爆索式爆炸零门设计及试验

为了增强爆炸零门在应用中的稳定性,降低对沟槽装药装填工艺的要求,以间隙零门为研究对象,提出了以导爆索代替部分沟槽装药结构的方法。对具有不同尺寸参数的导爆索、沟槽装药以及零门间隙进行组合试验,以期通过试验得到装填工艺简单且控制通道对信号通道作用稳定的装填物质组合。研究结果表明,通过对由导爆索构成的爆炸零门进行合理的参数配置,能够实现在提升零门装置稳定性的同时又保证其可靠性。     

Dynamic pricing and replenishment: Optimality,bounds, and asymptotics

In many applications, managers face the problem of replenishing and selling products during a finite time horizon. We investigate the problem of making dynamic and joint decisions on product replenishment and selling in order to improve profit. We consider a backlog scenario in which penalty cost (resulting from fulfillment delay) and accommodation cost (resulting from shortage at the end of the selling horizon) are incurred. Based on continuous‐time and discrete‐state dynamic programming, we study the optimal joint decisions and characterize their structural properties. We establish an upper bound for the optimal expected profit and develop a fluid policy by resorting to the deterministic version of the problem (ie, the fluid problem). The fluid policy is shown to be asymptotically optimal for the original stochastic problem when the problem size is sufficiently large. The static nature of the fluid policy and its lack of flexibility in matching supply with demand motivate us to develop a “target‐inventory” heuristic, which is shown, numerically, to be a significant improvement over the fluid policy. Scenarios with discrete feasible sets and lost‐sales are also discussed in this article.     

基于GoTa系统的远程图像传输研究

远程图像传输技术在目前军队后勤保障的应用范围越来越广泛,对于军队后勤的可视化建设起着十分重要的作用。采用了一种满足窄带条件下远程图像传输要求的图像编码方法,提出了一个通过GoTa数字集群通信系统进行远程图像传输的方案,并对其稳定性、安全性等指标进行了详细的分析。探索了远程图像传榆技术在军事应用中存在的问题和改进的方法,为构建适合军队后勤保障的远程图像传输系统提供了科学依据。