Impact of reseller's and sales agent's forecasting accuracy in a multilayer supply chain

We consider a three‐layer supply chain with a manufacturer, a reseller, and a sales agent. The demand is stochastically determined by the random market condition and the sales agent's private effort level. Although the manufacturer is uninformed about the market condition, the reseller and the sales agent conduct demand forecasting and generate private demand signals. Under this framework with two levels of adverse selection intertwined with moral hazard, we study the impact of the reseller's and the sales agent's forecasting accuracy on the profitability of each member. We show that the manufacturer's profitability is convex on the reseller's forecasting accuracy. From the manufacturer's perspective, typically improving the reseller's accuracy is detrimental when the accuracy is low but is beneficial when it is high. We identify the concrete interrelation among the manufacturer‐optimal reseller's accuracy, the volatility of the market condition, and the sales agent's accuracy. Finally, the manufacturer's interest may be aligned with the reseller's when only the reseller can choose her accuracy; this alignment is never possible when both downstream players have the discretion to choose their accuracy. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 207–222, 2014     

糕点状纳米金/聚3-甲苯噻吩复合物的制备及电催化性能

为了提高非酶传感器对葡萄糖的催化性能,制备了糕点状纳米金/聚3甲基噻吩复合物并用于电极的表面修饰。反应物浓度一定,纳米金经聚3甲苯噻吩诱导,自组装成为糕点状纳米金/聚3甲苯噻吩复合物。将纳米复合物滴涂在玻碳电极表面,制得纳米金/聚3甲苯噻吩复合物修饰电极。用循环伏安法研究修饰电极对葡萄糖的电催化作用。结果表明:在0.1 mol/L NaOH溶液中,葡萄糖在修饰电极上出现明显的氧化信号,修饰电极表现出良好的电催化性能。采用方波伏安法测定葡萄糖,峰电流与葡萄糖溶液的浓度在[0.50,4.32]mmol/L呈线性关系。     

损伤本构模型在边坡工程损伤破坏研究中的应用

从材料破坏机理与规律出发研究结构性土体工程的渐进破坏过程,是实际工程研究的重要方向。针对结构性土的变形特点和传统本构模型解决结构性土体工程渐进破坏过程的不足,采用作者以前提出的结构性土损伤本构模型对边坡工程算例的渐进破坏过程进行模拟分析。算例计算结果分析表明：边坡在破坏过程中会形成一个贯通剪切带,剪切带土体完全损伤;剪切带上方土体损伤相对较小,且有距离剪切带越远损伤越小的趋势;剪切带下方土体损伤也较小,主要因为开挖对其影响很小且处于稳定的坡体内。研究证明,运用结构性土损伤本构模型能较好地解决实际工程损伤破坏问题。     

音波法气体管道泄漏定位影响因素分析及算法改进

为提高音波法气体管道泄漏定位的精度,对影响该方法泄漏定位的主要因素以及定位算法进行了研究。通过假设计算,分析了绝热指数和压缩因子对定位精度的影响。结果表明,压力较大时绝热指数和压缩因子变化较大,在定位计算中不能忽略。在此基础上,考虑管内沿线气体的流速、温度和压力分布等因素,对音速公式、气体流速公式以及定位公式进行修正,从而得到可以较为精确求解泄漏位置的计算公式,并通过牛顿-科茨公式改进算法。研究结果对进一步完善音波法管道气体泄漏检测技术具有一定的设计和理论指导意义。     

超低能耗建筑的实践探索——以后勤工程学院绿色建筑示范楼为例

后勤工程学院绿色建筑示范楼是“超低能耗”理论的实践成果。通过理论研究和对当地气候以及建筑能耗的现状分析,综合采用自然通风采光技术、墙体自保温技术、建筑自遮阳设计等被动式节能技术,地源热泵应用、太阳能利用、楼宇智能控制等主动式节能技术,对示范楼进行了设计、建造。经过两年多的使用,各项节能数据的测定表明：示范楼节约能耗75．4％,实现了公共建筑超低能耗的节能要求。     

营区文化景观塑造之思考

文化景观在现代营房建设及部队发展过程中发挥着举足轻重的作用,为打造营区特色文化,分析了营区文化景观的内涵和意义,指出了当前营区文化景观建设中存在的主要问题,并在此基础上提出了营区文化景观塑造的策略:尊重地域特色;挖掘营区历史;凸显主题精神;打造创意小品。     

基于遗传算法的无线通信节点部署优化策略

根据无线通信节点部署过程中网络受到区域环境影响和电波传播损耗等实际问题,建立了考虑区域影响的信号衰减模型和无线通信网络覆盖模型,提出了一种综合考虑网络覆盖和通信干扰的优化部署策略。该策略采用了加速遗传算法,大大降低了计算量。基于该优化策略,通过仿真实验得到了特定区域的最优通信节点数和节点部署位置图。     

Joint inventory and pricing decisions for perishable products with two‐period lifetime

We consider a periodic review model over a finite horizon for a perishable product with fixed lifetime equal to two review periods. The excess demand in a period is backlogged. The optimal replenishment and demand management (using price) decisions for such a product depend on the relative order of consumption of fresh and old units. We obtain insights on the structure of these decisions when the order of consumption is first‐in, first‐out and last‐in, first‐out. For the FIFO system, we also obtain bounds on both the optimal replenishment quantity as well as expected demand. We compare the FIFO system to two widely analyzed inventory systems that correspond to nonperishable and one‐period lifetime products to understand if demand management would modify our understanding of the relationship among the three systems. In a counterintuitive result, we find that it is more likely that bigger orders are placed in the FIFO system than for a nonperishable product when demand is managed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

姿态角单次调整的固体运载火箭耗尽关机能量管理方法

固体运载火箭传统耗尽关机制导方法姿态角调整次数过多,不利于控制系统设计。提出了姿态角单次调整的耗尽关机能量管理策略:以火箭的待增视速度方向为基准,通过计算火箭所需耗费的视速度,优化选取火箭的初、末姿态角;火箭以恒定角速率从初姿态角变为末姿态角,达到末姿态角时保持恒定,直至耗尽关机。仿真结果表明,新方法在满足火箭的终端速度约束条件下,视速度模量耗费百分比超过30%,且姿态角单向调整,有利于控制系统的工程设计。     

一种新闻事件演化建模方法

为了准确地发现话题中事件间的潜在关系,提出一种新闻事件演化建模方法。该方法利用事件的时间关系、内容相似性、命名实体关联信息构建新的演化关系模型,并通过定义事件的五种演化模式,识别出演化过程中的开始、中间、结束事件,最后根据新演化模型及演化模式建立事件演化的有向无环图模型,揭示事件发展的潜在脉络结构。实验结果表明,本文方法能够有效检测事件演化,提升系统性能。