气象探空火箭气温测量不确定度评估方法

在气象火箭测温修正模型基础上,通过误差分析理论,对温度修正及其不确定度评估方法进行研究。根据火箭探空仪在空中下落过程中大气密度变化规律,建立温度修正数学模型,推导得到温度修正公式。根据误差理论,分析影响温度修正的八项误差因素,并逐项给出温度修正误差表达式。以气象火箭实测数据为例,运用上述公式,对探空火箭温度反演不确定度进行分析计算。结果表明:温度反演不确定度在50~60 km较大,最大为3.6 K;40~50 km不确定度为0.3~0.9 K;40 km以下,不大于0.3 K。影响温度不确定度的因素主要是气动加热修正项、滞后效应修正项、结构热传导修正项和传感器对环境热辐射修正项。数据处理时采用参考大气或标准大气仅进行一次修正是不够的,需进行迭代修正,单次修正结果与迭代修正结果差异最大可达5.6 K。     

装备保障系统信息化评价指标体系研究

在分析装备保障系统信息化特点的基础上,确定了建立评价指标体系的原则,建立了从信息化组织建设、信息基础设施和系统应用信息化程度三个方面分析,包含30个评价指标的装备保障系统信息化评价指标体系。     

层次分析法在修理级别分析中的应用

修理级别的非经济性分析有多个结果时,很难确定产品的合理修理级别,若采用经济性分析,数据采集难,并且可操作性差.因此,提出用层次分析法来决断产品合理修理级别的方法,以提高修理级别分析方法的可操作性,并为其工程化提供一种思路.     

武汉长江隧道疏散方式选择与观测分析

阐述了隧道疏散的各种方式,说明了武汉长江隧道采用下沉式滑道的纵向疏散方式的原因,对武汉长江隧道疏散系统进行了详细演习测试,并对当前拥挤状态下的通车条件进行了分析,认为只要保持交通通畅,加强管理,隧道下沉式纵向疏散系统可以满足通行客车时的人员疏散安全。     

外卡压力传感器的卡持结构设计与分析

针对外卡压力传感器存在的测试信号重复性差、信噪比低、安装局限性大的问题,设计了一种新型卡持结构——人字形结构,并从理论上分析了该结构相对于＂匚＂形夹块和环形夹块的优势。实验数据表明：采用人字形卡持结构的外卡压力传感器具有测试可靠、信噪比高、通用性好的特点。     

基于GeoHash索引的A算法优化

A*(A Star)算法进行最短路径计算时,一般采用曼哈顿函数作为最优邻接点的评估标准,在算法执行的过程中,需要对每一步每个邻接点进行计算,判断出当前最优邻接点,然后迭代执行下一步,在数据量较大的情况下,算法的时间复杂度呈几何增长.使用GeoHash索引算法代替曼哈顿函数作为评估标准,在有地理坐标信息的网络拓扑中进行最短路径查找,直接以GeoHash编码索引值作为判断标准,进行快速查找.GeoHash值是经纬度经过一系列编码转换后的实际值,能够拓扑网格中的属性值,减少算法的计算时间,优化算法的时间复杂度.提高A*算法在道路规划、运行调度、无人驾驶路径分析时的最短路径计算时间,可增加实际应用广泛性.     

基于双谱切片小波包的雷达体制识别技术

根据机械扫描雷达、一维相控阵雷达和二维相控阵雷达扫描方式的差异,通过对3种体制雷达进行双谱分析、切片化处理以及小波包分解,提出了双谱切片小波包的概念,并根据此特征用支持向量机对不同体制的雷达进行识别.仿真结果表明:该方法在噪声占比为0～20％时,可分性好,并且在噪声占比增大时,通过该特征仍能对不同体制的雷达进行有效识别.     

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper, the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE) are numerically investigated, and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation, instabilities, and propulsive performance. A hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC) systems. A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa, and the equivalence ratio of 0.9, 1, 1.4 are simulated. On one hand, the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves. The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure (1 MPa) and weakened with the increase of the total pressure. The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse. On the other hand, the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities, while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit. It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition. Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1, and 1.4. The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases, which is around 2700 s. The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.     

Reaction degree of composition B explosive with multi-layered compound structure protection subjected to detonation loading

The explosive reaction degree and protection from explosions are concerns in the military field.In this work,the reaction degree of the composition B explosive was investigated experimentally.Multi-layered compound structures were used as barriers to weaken the blast loads.A comprehensive experiment using a high-speed camera and image processing techniques,side witness plates,and bottom witness plates was presented.Using the experimental fragment velocities,fragment piercing patterns,and damage characteristics,the reaction degree of the explosive impeded by different multi-layered com-pound structures could be precisely differentiated.Reaction parameters of the explosive obstructed by compound structures were obtained by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.Unlike the common method in which the explosive reaction degree is only distinguished based on the initial pressure amplitude transmitted into the explosive,a following shock wave reflected from the side steel casing was also considered.Different detonation growth paths in the explosive formed.Therefore,all these shock wave propagation characteristics must be considered to analyze the explosive response impeded by compound structures.     

Effects of nano-sized aluminum on detonation characteristics and metal acceleration for RDX-based aluminized explosive

Nano-sized aluminum(Nano-Al)powders hold promise in enhancing the total energy of explosives and the metal acceleration ability at the same time.However,the near-detonation zone effects of reaction between Nano-Al with detonation products remain unclear.In this study,the overall reaction process of 170 nm Al with RDX explosive and its effect on detonation characteristics,detonation reaction zone,and the metal acceleration ability were comprehensively investigated through a variety of experiments such as the detonation velocity test,detonation pressure test,explosive/window interface velocity test and confined plate push test using high-resolution laser interferometry.Lithium fluoride(LiF),which has an inert behavior during the explosion,was used as a control to compare the contribution of the reaction of aluminum.A thermochemical approach that took into account the reactivity of aluminum and ensuing detonation products was adopted to calculate the additional energy release by afterburn.Combining the numerical simulations based on the calculated afterburn energy and experimental results,the param-eters in the detonation equation of state describing the Nano-Al reaction characteristics were calibrated.This study found that when the 170 nm Al content is from 0％to 15％,every 5％increase of aluminum resulted in about a 1.3％decrease in detonation velocity.Manganin pressure gauge measurement showed no significant enhancement in detonation pressure.The detonation reaction time and reaction zone length of RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 64 ns and 0.47 mm,which is respectively 14％and 8％higher than that of RDX/wax/95/5 explosive(57 ns and 0.39 mm).Explosive/window interface velocity curves show that 170 nm Al mainly reacted with the RDX detonation products after the detonation front.For the recording time of about 10 μs throughout the plate push test duration,the maximum plate velocity and plate acceleration time accelerated by RDX/Al/wax/80/15/5 explosive is 12％and 2.9 μs higher than that of RDX/LiF/wax/80/15/5,respectively,indicating that the aluminum reaction energy significantly increased the metal acceleration time and ability of the explosive.Numerical simulations with JWLM explosive equation of state show that when the detonation products expanded to 2 times the initial volume,over 80％of the aluminum had reacted,implying very high reactivity.These results are significant in attaining a clear understanding of the reaction mechanism of Nano-Al in the development of aluminized explosives.