强化学习在多阶段装备组合规划问题中的应用

针对多阶段武器装备组合规划中的选择难、规划难问题,提出基于多目标优化算法以及强化学习技术的混合优化方法。在各个阶段以装备组合效能最大和成本最小为准则,构建单阶段多目标优化模型,并设计基于非支配排序遗传算法的求解算法以生成各阶段的Pareto解,在此基础上建立多阶段的组合优化模型。通过强化学习的Q-Learning方法,在各阶段的Pareto解中采用探索或者利用两种模式,生成各阶段的装备组合,并指导下一阶段的装备选型,从而生成整个周期内的规划方案。通过对比实验分析,验证了所提模型和算法的有效性,能够为多阶段武器装备组合规划提供辅助决策。     

Peridynamic modeling and simulation of thermo-mechanical de-icing process with modified ice failure criterion

De-icing technology has become an increasingly important subject in numerous applications in recent years. However, the direct numerical modeling and simulation the physical process of thermo-mechanical deicing is limited. This work is focusing on developing a numerical model and tool to direct simulate the de-icing process in the framework of the coupled thermo-mechanical peridynamics theory. Here, we adopted the fully coupled thermo-mechanical bond-based peridynamics (TM-BB-PD) method for modeling and simulation of de-icing. Within the framework of TM-BB-PD, the ice consti-tutive model is established by considering the influence of the temperature difference between two material points, and a modified failure criteria is proposed, which takes into account temperature effect to predict the damage of quasi-brittle ice material. Moreover, thermal boundary condition is used to simulate the thermal load in the de-icing process. By comparing with the experimental results and the previous reportedfinite element modeling, our numerical model shows good agreement with the pre-vious predictions. Based on the numerical results, we find that the developed method can not only predict crack initiation and propagation in the ice, but also predict the temperature distribution and heat conduction during the de-icing process. Furthermore, the influence of the temperature for the ice crack growth pattern is discussed accordingly. In conclusion, the coupled thermal-mechanical peridynamics formulation with modified failure criterion is capable of providing a modeling tool for engineering ap-plications of de-icing technology.     

Partial penetration of annular grooved projectiles impacting ductile metal targets

Changing and optimizing the projectile nose shape is an important way to achieve specific ballistic performance. One special ballistic performance is the embedding effect, which can achieve a delayed high-explosive reaction on the target surface. This embedding effect includes a rebound phase that is significantly different from the traditional penetration process. To better study embedment behavior, this study proposed a novel nose shape called an annular grooved projectile and defined its interaction process with the ductile metal plate as partial penetration. Specifically, we conducted a series of low-velocity-ballistic tests in which these steel projectiles were used to strike 16-mm-thick target plates made with 2024-O aluminum alloy. We observed the dynamic evolution characteristics of this aluminum alloy near the impact craters and analyzed these characteristics by corresponding cross-sectional views and numerical simulations. The results indicated that the penetration resistance had a brief decrease that was influenced by its groove structure, but then it increased significantly-that is, the fluctuation of penetration resistance was affected by the irregular nose shape. Moreover, we visualized the distribution of the material in the groove and its inflow process through the rheology lines in microscopic tests and the highlighted mesh lines in simulations. The combination of these phenomena revealed the embed-ment mechanism of the annular grooved projectile and optimized the design of the groove shape to achieve a more firm embedment performance. The embedment was achieved primarily by the target material filled in the groove structure. Therefore, preventing the shear failure that occurred on the filling material was key to achieving this embedding effect.     

Transshipment through crossdocks with inventory and time windows

A major challenge in making supply meet demand is to coordinate transshipments across the supply chain to reduce costs and increase service levels in the face of demand fluctuations, short lead times, warehouse limitations, and transportation and inventory costs. In particular, transshipment through crossdocks, where just‐in‐time objectives prevail, requires precise scheduling between suppliers, crossdocks, and customers. In this work, we study the transshipment problem with supplier and customer time windows where flow is constrained by transportation schedules and warehouse capacities. Transportation is provided by fixed or flexible schedules and lot‐sizing is dealt with through multiple shipments. We develop polynomial‐time algorithms or, otherwise, provide the complexity of the problems studied. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005     

Newsvendor problems with sequentially revealed demand information

This article analyzes a capacity/inventory planning problem with a one‐time uncertain demand. There is a long procurement leadtime, but as some partial demand information is revealed, the firm is allowed to cancel some of the original capacity reservation at a certain fee or sell off some inventory at a lower price. The problem can be viewed as a generalization of the classic newsvendor problem and can be found in many applications. One key observation of the analysis is that the dynamic programming formulation of the problem is closely related to a recursion that arises in the study of a far more complex system, a series inventory system with stochastic demand over an infinite horizon. Using this equivalence, we characterize the optimal policy and assess the value of the additional demand information. We also extend the analysis to a richer model of information. Here, demand is driven by an underlying Markov process, representing economic conditions, weather, market competition, and other environmental factors. Interestingly, under this more general model, the connection to the series inventory system is different. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2012     

火箭发动机应储数量的研究

火箭发动机应储数量的确定是其维修保养工作中的一个重要问题。在满足一定精度的前提下,以可靠性评估为中心研究寿命服从逆威布尔分布的火箭发动机的应储数量问题。在具有二项移走的逐步增加I型区间截尾模型下(被随机移走的产品数目服从二项分布),采取不同方案给出决定火箭发动机寿命的关键性参数的可靠性估计,据此确定其应储数量。最后,通过随机模拟方法给出在一定精度指标下火箭发动机的应储数量。     

多管火箭炮重复毁伤概率模型及仿真

针对火箭炮武器系统对集群目标射击中重复毁伤概率无法求解的问题,基于火炮射击理论和毁伤理论,建立了火箭炮对集群目标射击时重复毁伤概率模型,基于像素法和矩阵法对作战想定中的重复毁伤问题进行了仿真,并与模型所得理论计算结果进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明:重复毁伤模型具有较高的精度,适用于火箭炮武器系统对集群目标射击中有效毁伤效率的校正和重复毁伤概率的求解。     

BDS/GPS双模自适应抗干扰接收机关键技术研究与设计

针对现代导航战对卫星导航接收机干扰对抗能力的要求,研究了BDS/GPS双模自适应抗干扰接收机的关键技术。在分析传统空时零陷技术的基础上,引入基于数字波束形成的自适应抗干扰技术,并使用惯性模块和历书进行卫星信号初始来波方向估计,显著增强了接收机的抗干扰能力。同时,提出了BDS/GPS双模多阵元天线耦合测量与校正技术,有效解决了双模天线设计难题。仿真测试表明:接收机使用数字波束形成技术后,总体抗干扰能力可达85dB,比单一使用空时零陷技术增加了8dB。     

基于强度折减法的海底隧道强震破坏机理

将强度折减法引入强震作用下的海底隧道衬砌结构安全稳定性研究,利用FLAC3D软件建立了海底隧道-岩土体-海水相互作用的强度折减法数值模型,综合考虑海底隧道衬砌在强震作用下的位移、剪应变增量和塑性区变化,确定了海底隧道衬砌局部破坏的极限平衡状态和整体破坏的极限平衡状态,分析了海底隧道衬砌在强震作用下的破坏机理。结果表明:海底隧道衬砌在水平地震波的作用下,主要是围岩变形导致隧道衬砌破坏;隧道衬砌破坏位置发生在右侧侧墙中部,破坏形式为剪切破坏;隧道衬砌局部破坏的极限安全系数为1.47,整体破坏的极限安全系数为1.8,2种安全系数的极限状态可对应结构设计中的正常使用极限状态和承载力极限状态。研究成果可为海底隧道衬砌设计提供理论依据。     

基于建构文化的我军第一代营房建筑解读

从建构文化的发展历程与内涵入手,透过建构的视角审视我军第一代营房,对其在材料与技术的选择、建构表现以及建造者与建筑的关系等方面进行了分析,发现第一代营房在建设经费短缺的条件下重视建筑材料、建筑结构、构造技术等建筑本体内容,展现出建筑的朴素真实之美,并在无形中蕴含了建构的精神。这不仅反映出我军一些优良的营房建设传统,也反衬出当下营房建设的一些不良倾向。希望借助建构这一有力工具,在完成对第一代营房重新审视的同时从中获得启示,对今日方兴未艾的我军现代营房建设提供有益借鉴。