海洋环境影响航母编队反潜效能的三级评估模型*

针对海洋环境影响航母编队作战效能的评估问题,采用层次分析法分析了影响编队效能的海洋环境因子,以美军航母战斗群为例给出了经典航母编队的体系结构,并以该编队结构体系中反潜效能为例,建立了海洋环境影响的三级评估模型。研究思想对航母编队的效能评估有一定参考意义。     

数据挖掘在图像信息隐写分析中的应用

提出数据挖掘在图像信息隐写分析中的应用。首先计算原始图像和隐写图像在通用图像质量指标下的失真测度,然后利用数据挖掘技术建立一个预测模型,完成失真测度到已知隐写概率的映射,模型的输出即为预测隐写概率。实验结果表明,使用该方法得到的预测隐写概率和已知隐写概率的相关度,当使用训练样本时达到0.951以上,使用测试样本时达到0.943以上,达到了很好的预测效果。     

遗传算法在目标跟踪中的传感器分配算法

传感器在进行目标跟踪时,常规算法主要通过线性规划建立传感器与目标之间的分配方法.但是在对多目标和多传感器的战场环境中,这些方法有一定局限性.研究了基于遗传算法的传感器分配方法,通过构造符合传感器分配这一特殊问题的染色体,从而形成初始种群,然后利用遗传算法模拟生物遗传迭代和自然选择的遗传机理,通过多次选择最终收敛于问题的一个满意解.仿真显示,在大数据运算的环境中,该算法有更高的可行性和有效性.     

基于模糊模式识别的战场目标识别

分析战场目标的结构、材料、征候、特征及辐射原理等存在的差异,运用模糊模式识别方法,建立了战场目标识别的数学模型,给出了目标识别的详细步骤和方法:选取目标特征量、构造标准模糊集合、构造待识别模糊集合、应用择近原则进行目标识别,并通过算例,得到一些有价值的结论。模型和方法可供C3I系统快速准确的识别战场目标。     

在强抓军事斗争准备中提高打赢本领

提高各级党委领导军事斗争准备、带领部队完成信息化条件下作战任务的本领 ,必须把思想准备作为首要任务 ,提高官兵“真打实备”的思想认识 ;抓实人才培养 ,努力锻造具备打赢本领的人才队伍 ;坚持率先垂范 ,谋打赢、抓关键 ,着力解决现实问题和重点问题。     

Environmental regulation in project‐based industries

We study the environmental regulation of industrial activities that are organized as projects. Applications arise in construction, ship and aircraft building, and film making, among other industries. Relative to manufacturing, environmental regulation is different in project‐based industries, due to the uniqueness and geographical diversity of projects, and a lack of product takeback programs. Because the amount of waste and pollution generated by project companies can be large, regulators need environmental policies to ensure reduction of waste and pollution. We consider a regulator who attempts to maximize social welfare. We model this problem as a bilevel nonlinear program. The upper level regulator specifies waste reduction targets, which the lower level project companies meet using waste stream reduction and remediation of pollution, while attempting to control their project costs. We find that high waste diversion targets lead to outcomes with little pollution, but excessive project costs and only modest waste stream reduction. Projects that have lower task precedence density, or that have pollutants with different environmental impacts, show larger increases in project cost and time resulting from regulation. We describe a subsidy for waste stream reduction that coordinates the system, and we estimate the value of coordination. We also describe a bonus that encourages truthful reporting by project companies, and evaluate the relative cost and effectiveness of the subsidy and the bonus. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 228–247, 2015     

Modeling and solution for the ship stowage planning problem of coils in the steel industry

We consider a ship stowage planning problem where steel coils with known destination ports are to be loaded onto a ship. The coils are to be stowed on the ship in rows. Due to their heavy weight and cylindrical shape, coils can be stowed in at most two levels. Different from stowage problems in previous studies, in this problem there are no fixed positions on the ship for the coils due to their different sizes. At a destination port, if a coil to be unloaded is not at a top position, those blocking it need to be shuffled. In addition, the stability of ship has to be maintained after unloading at each destination port. The objective for the stowage planning problem is to minimize a combination of ship instability throughout the entire voyage, the shuffles needed for unloading at the destination ports, and the dispersion of coils to be unloaded at the same destination port. We formulate the problem as a novel mixed integer linear programming model. Several valid inequalities are derived to help reducing solution time. A tabu search (TS) algorithm is developed for the problem with the initial solution generated using a construction heuristic. To evaluate the proposed TS algorithm, numerical experiments are carried out on problem instances of three different scales by comparing it with a model‐based decomposition heuristic, the classic TS algorithm, the particle swarm optimization algorithm, and the manual method used in practice. The results show that for small problems, the proposed algorithm can generate optimal solutions. For medium and large practical problems, the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 564–581, 2015     

控制分配在平流层飞艇姿态控制中的应用

针对平流层飞艇一般采用多控制机构的特点,将广义逆控制分配方法应用到飞艇姿态控制系统中,并根据飞艇控制机构特性采用了加权伪逆控制分配算法。飞艇姿态控制仿真结果表明:设计的控制分配方法可以有效实现多控制机构的协调操纵,对姿态角控制效果良好,避免了单一操纵舵面过早进入饱和状态的情况;合理调整控制分配权值可减少能量损耗,增强实时性,便于工程实现。     

基于度量元的静态软件缺陷预测技术

软件缺陷预测技术是当前软件工程领域的一个热点研究问题。回顾和综述了基于度量元的静态软件缺陷预测技术研究的起源与国内外最新进展动态,并对常用缺陷预测技术的评价指标进行对比和分析,指出其优缺点和适用范围。最后对静态软件缺陷预测技术的可能发展方向进行预测。     

基于改进模糊综合评判法的告警器能力评估

针对模糊综合评判法在告警器评估时的有效评估问题,对评估过程的指标赋权、隶属度、信息集合算子进行了研究,提出了一种改进的适合告警器的模糊综合评判方法。该方法根据最小二乘原理和离差函数,把目标规划方法应用到组合赋权之中,充分考虑了权重的主客观因素;建立了基于隶属云的评估模型,用隶属云代替隶属函数,保留了隶属度的随机特性;提出了将密度加权平均(Density Weighted Average,DWA)算子用到信息集结中,充分利用了所有的评估信息。通过对某型机载雷达告警器的有效评估,表明了该方法的合理性。