Rigid elliptical cross-section ogive-nose projectiles penetration into concrete targets

The elliptical cross-section ogive-nose projectile (ECOP) has recently attracted attention because it is well suited to the flattened shape of earth-penetrating weapons. However, the penetration performance of ECOPs has not been completely understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the pene-tration performance of ECOPs into concrete targets using a theoretical method. A general geometric model of ECOPs was introduced, and closed-form penetration equations were derived according to the dynamic cavity-expansion theory. The model was validated by comparing the predicted penetration depths with test data, and the maximum deviation was 15.8％. The increment in the penetration depth of the ECOP was evaluated using the proposed model, and the effect of the major—minor axis ratio on the increment was examined. Additionally, the mechanism of the penetration-depth increment was inves-tigated with respect to the caliber radius head, axial stress, and resistance.     

Bionic stab-resistant body armor based on triangular pyramid structure

A stab-resistant substrate was designed and realized with a triangular pyramidal structure, inspired by the biological armor model in nature. The stab-resistance behavior and dynamic response mechanisms were studied through numerical simulation and experimental testing of a knife impacting a substrate, and an optimal structural design was obtained accordingly, with a tilted angle of 22.5° and optimal thickness of 1.2 mm. It was shown that the triangular pyramidal structure generated twice the internal energy of the knife than the flat substrate due to the dispersing effect of the structure. The force parallel to the inclination caused a significant scratch on the substrate surface, while the force perpendicular caused obvious substrate deformation. A new riveting method was used to form the total layer, which passed the GA 68—2008 standard. The stab-resistant clothing coupled with the reduced wearing burden could provide effective protection and avoid fatal injuries on security personnel working in dangerous environments. The method provided may enlighten the future design and manufacturing of stab-resistant clothing.     

Blast resistance evaluation of urban utility tunnel reinforced with BFRP bars

To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under accidental explosions,a shallow-buried BFRP bars reinforced UUT(BBRU)was designed and constructed.Repetitive blast experiments were carried out on this BBRU.Dynamic responses,damage evolutions and failure styles of the BBRU under repetitive explosions were revealed.The tunnel roof is the most vulnerable component and longitudinal cracks develop along the tunnel.When the scaled distance is larger than 1.10 m/kg1/3,no cracks are observed in the experiments.When the BBRU is severely damaged,there are five cracks forming and developing along the roof.The roof is simplified as a clamped-supported one-way slab,proved by the observation that the maximum strain of the transverse bar is much larger than that of the longitudinal bar.Dynamic responses of the roof slab are predicted by dynamic Euler beam theory,which can consistently predict the roof displacement under large-scaled-distance explosion.Compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,the BBRU has advantages in blast resistance with smaller deflections and more evenly-distributed cracks when the scaled distance is smaller than 1.260 m/kg1/3 and the steel bars enter plastic state.Longer elastic defamation of the BFRP bars endows the UUT more excellent blast resistance under small-scaled-distance explosions.     

Effect of the end cap on the fragment velocity distribution of a cylindrical cased charge

The prediction of the fragment velocity distribution of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps is one of the key issues to assess the damage efficiency of the warhead. However, limited work has been con-ducted to predict the fragment velocity distributions along the axis of cylindrical cased charges with end caps. This paper presents a study of the velocity distribution of fragments caused by the explosion of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps. The fragment velocity distribution and the end cap velocity were determined by an X-ray radiography method, and the axial fragment distribution was determined by witness plates. It was found that the velocities of fragments, especially near the edge, were increased when the end caps were added, and the position of maximum velocity is closer to the non-detonation end. The fragment velocities were increased, and the fragment projection range was decreased with the increase of the thickness of the end cap. A formula for fragment velocity distributions of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps, which is based on Huang's formula, was proposed by the theoretical analysis and data fitting and validated experimentally. The results indicate that the proposed formula is accurate in predicting the fragment velocity distribution along the axis of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps detonated at one end.     

On the asymptotic optimality of algorithms for the flow shop problem with release dates

We consider the nonpermutation flow shop problem with release dates, with the objective of minimizing the sum of the weighted completion times on the final machine. Since the problem is NP‐hard, we focus on the analysis of the performance of several approximation algorithms, all of which are related to the classical Weighted Shortest Processing Time Among Available Jobs heuristic. In particular, we perform a probabilistic analysis and prove that two online heuristics and one offline heuristic are asymptotically optimal. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005.     

战后美苏矛盾的演变与冷战的开始

第二次世界大战末期及战后初期,由于政治、经济、军事利益的尖锐对立,美苏矛盾迅速上升。为了达到自己的目的,它们确定新的战略策略,争夺势力范围,并把欧洲作为争夺的重点。但是,世界大战的惨痛记忆使美苏都不敢贸然发动战争,只是以冷战的形态对抗。     

中流砥柱--八路军对抗日民族解放战争的历史贡献

抗日战争中,八路军在中国共产党的领导下,深入敌后创建抗日根据地,开展抗日游击战争,浴血奋战,为夺取抗日战争的伟大胜利作出了巨大贡献.     

公度时滞系统的有理镇定补偿器

讨论了具有公度时滞系统的有理函数镇定补偿器的条件和算法.在不含时滞的名义系统为最小相位的条件下,可设计一簇常数补偿器镇定具有公度的无限时滞系统;在不含时滞的名义系统可强镇定的条件下,可设计一簇有理函数补偿器镇定具有公度的有限时滞系统.给出了相应时滞补偿器的具体算法.设计者可从这簇补偿器中选取一个最优的补偿器满足特定的设计要求.     

试论政治工作的信息建模

政治工作信息建模是信息技术与政治工作有机融合的基本条件和关键环节。推动政治工作信息化建设应认识政治工作信息建模的重要作用,整理政治工作信息建模的基本方法,科学评价不同建模方法的适用范围和有效性,全面把握政治工作信息建模的复杂性和可行性。     

强化战斗精神要体现在全面提高素质能力上

强化战斗精神培育一个十分重要的方面,就是要体现在全面提高素质能力上。要深刻认识把强化战斗精神体现在全面提高素质能力上的重要意义,牢牢把握关键环节,并自觉坚持正确的途径。