我国舰船配套动员能力现状、问题与对策 ——基于供应链视角的研究

舰船配套动员能力是现代化条件下海上作战能力的重要基础和根本保障。从供应链视角看,我国舰船配套动员能力仍存在诸多不足,亟待提升。本文对我国舰船配套动员能力现状进行初步评价,重点分析当前我国舰船配套动员面临的若干突出问题,如产业集中度较低、部分关键零部件可替代性差、服务保障体系不完善、供应链体系整体安全缺乏有效保障等,结合我国船舶工业发展现状,提出提升舰船配套动员能力的方向与策略,如系统提升动员供给能力、逐步实现全面自主可控、切实保障动员快速响应、着力抓好民船改装征用、有效扩展社会动员基础、确保战时生产正常稳定、健全维修服务保障体系等,并给出完善舰船配套动员工作机制、强化舰船配套动员能力建设、提高舰船配套供应链管理水平、加强舰船配套动员人才培养等相关政策建议。     

Force chains based mesoscale simulation on the dynamic response of Al-PTFE granular composites

Force chains based mesoscale simulation is conducted to investigate the response behavior of aluminum-polytetrafluoroethylene (Al-PTFE) granular composites under a low-velocity impact. A two-dimensional model followed the randomly normal distribution of real Al particles size is developed. The dynamic compressive process of Al-PTFE composites with varied Al mass fraction is simulated and validated against the experiments. The results indicate that, force chains behavior governed by the number and the size of agglomerated Al particles, significantly affects the impact response of the material. The failure mode of the material evolves from shear failure of matrix to debonding failure of particles with increasing density. A high crack area of the material is critical mechanism to arouse the initiation re-action. The damage maintained by force chains during large plastic strain builds up more local stresses concentration to enhance a possible reaction performance. In addition, simulation is performed with identical mass fraction but various Al size distribution to explore the effects of size centralization and dispersion on the mechanical properties of materials. It is found that smaller sized Al particle of com-posites are more preferred than its bulky material in ultimate strength. Increasing dispersed degree is facilitated to create stable force chains in samples with comparable particle number. The simulation studies provide further insights into the plastic deformation, failure mechanism, and possible energy release capacity for Al-PTFE composites, which is helpful for further design and application of reactive materials.     

Transverse relaxation characteristic and stress relaxation model considering molecular chains of HTPB coating based on pre-strained thermal aging

In order to accurately describe the transverse relaxation characteristic and stress relaxation modulus of HTPB coating during pre-strain thermal aging process, a one month thermal aging test was carried out at 70 C with pre-strain of 0％, 3％, 6％ and 9％, respectively. The low-field 1H NMR and stress relaxation modulus tests were carried out for HTPB coating at different aging stages. The stress relaxation model considering the molecular chains was proposed according to the changes of crosslinking chain and dangling chain of HTPB coating during pre-strain aging. The results showed that with the increase of aging time, the decay rate of transverse relaxation curve became faster, the transverse relaxation time decreased, the value of combined parameter qMrl increased, the proportion of crosslinking chain decreased, while the proportion of dangling chain increased. Moreover, the stress relaxation modulus increased, the crosslinking network structure of HTPB coating became denser and the degree of cross-linking increased. At the initial aging stage, the pre-strain will destroy the crosslinking network structure of HTPB coating to a certain extent. With the increase of aging time, the effect of pre-strain will gradually weaken and the influence of aging on materials will gradually increase. The correlations between the stress relaxation model considering the molecular chains and the test results were more than 0.9950, which can accurately describe the stress relaxation modulus of HTPB coating during the pre-strain thermal aging process.     

Visual-attention gabor filter based online multi-armored target tracking

The multi-armored target tracking (MATT) plays a crucial role in coordinated tracking and strike. The occlusion and insertion among targets and target scale variation is the key problems in MATT. Most state-of-the-art multi-object tracking (MOT) works adopt the tracking-by-detection strategy, which rely on compute-intensive sliding window or anchoring scheme in detection module and neglect the target scale variation in tracking module. In this work, we proposed a more efficient and effective spatial-temporal attention scheme to track multi-armored target in the ground battlefield. By simulating the structure of the retina, a novel visual-attention Gabor filter branch is proposed to enhance detection. By introducing temporal information, some online learned target-specific Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are adopted to address occlusion. More importantly, we built a MOT dataset for armored targets, called Armored Target Tracking dataset (ATTD), based on which several comparable experiments with state-of-the-art methods are conducted. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves outstanding tracking performance and meets the actual application requirements.     

坦克外部磁场的有限元分析

采用有限元数值计算方法,参考坦克的旋转椭球模型的计算公式,对坦克外部的磁场进行了计算机模拟计算.     

信息化战争中的纳米科技

纳米材料由于其独特的光、电、力、磁效应近年来受到人们广泛的关注,综述了目前国内外纳米科技的研究动态,着重介绍了现有纳米科技在高科技战争中的应用,及其潜在的发展方向．     

LPG储罐区池火灾危险性分析及扑救对策

综合SFPE推荐的池火灾火焰热辐射计算模型,结合热辐射伤害破坏准则,分析了LPG储罐区池火灾的危险性,应用该方法计算分析了某LPG站发生池火灾时的伤害破坏范围。根据计算分析结果,在扑救LPG储罐区池火灾的过程中,对于按照有关国家标准规定的防火距离布置的LPG储罐区,仍然需要重点冷却着火罐及相邻罐,防止长时间火焰热辐射作用导致储罐破裂,发生沸腾液体扩展蒸气爆炸,同时,确定了消防人员和装备的安全距离。     

基于理想点的指挥自动化系统不确定多属性效能评估

针对防空旅(团)指挥自动化系统效能评估中,其属性权重完全未知或只知大致范围的特点,给出2种基于理想点的不确定多属性效能评估模型,通过对模型的求解,可获得属性权重,进而对这种不确定性系统效能进行评估.该模型符合防空指挥自动化系统效能复杂性和人们思维的模糊性,为解决此类问题提供了新的途径和方法.实例证明,该模型简单有效.     

航空发动机在超声速引射系统中的应用分析

航空发动机可以对空气增压,并且增加气流温度,理论上存在应用于超声速引射系统的可能。分析了气源对引射器性能的影响以及引气对航空发动机的影响,介绍了3种航空发动机在超声速引射系统中可能的布局方案。针对某领域内的排气参数要求,分别对3种布局方案进行了计算分析。计算结果表明,当上游气体压强为0.044×10⁵ Pa和0.029 3×10⁵ Pa时,通过合理选择发动机的布局以及工作参数,发动机可以直接将上游气体排出或者作为驱动气源应用于超声速引射系统。     

火炮膛压测试系统的环境因子校准技术

放入式电子测压器用来测量火炮膛压,用测压器静态校准的灵敏度直接用于动态压力的测量会给测量结果带来很大误差,为了减小测试环境对测压器的影响,提出了环境因子校准的思想,研制了能模拟火炮膛内高温高压环境的模拟膛压发生器,建立了环境因子校准系统,分析了环境因子校准的必要性,介绍了校准系统的数据处理方法.实炮测试结果表明经过环境因子校准的测压器的测试数据稳定性好,置信度高.