ADAMS的全地形车载火箭炮行进间发射动力学研究

利用多体动力学软件ADAMS、有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了全地形车载火箭炮系统发射与行驶一体化动力学模型,基于路面功率谱密度函数和谐波叠加法,创建了全地形车野外行驶的三维随机土石路况模型,对战车行进间发射进行了动力学仿真。分析该型号车载火箭炮行进间发射的动力学特性,得到了战车及发射装置的动态响应情况及运动特性和车速对发射的影响规律。仿真结果表明,全地形车可以在土石路况低速行驶完成行进间发射任务。     

环境因素对枝孢霉菌生长特性的影响

考察了温度、pH、Fe3+质量浓度等主要环境因素对喷气燃料中特征微生物——枝孢霉菌生长的影响,为喷气燃料中枝孢霉菌的防治提供科学指导。在500 nm波长处,测定了不同浓度枝孢霉菌菌液的OD值,得出其浓度与OD值线性相关,且相关性大于99%。经生长特性试验,表明枝孢霉菌在24~40℃生命力较强,在32℃生长最为旺盛,低温和高温枝孢霉菌几乎停滞生长,高温对真菌的抑制作用更加明显;p H为3~11,随着pH增大,生长速度先加快随后减慢,最适宜生长的p H为9;Fe3+质量浓度为0~200 mg/L,随着Fe3+质量浓度增大,枝孢霉菌生长趋于旺盛,即Fe3+能促进枝孢霉菌的生长。所以,监测和控制储罐中温度和pH,减少储罐和管道腐蚀,是预防和控制喷气燃料中枝孢霉菌污染的有效措施。     

超音速靶弹的鲁棒自适应反演控制系统设计

针对靶弹超音速低空巡航的模型不确定性以及外界气流对靶弹产生干扰等问题,研究了一种适用于超音速低空巡航靶弹的鲁棒自适应反演控制方法。建立了一种非匹配不确定性的超音速低空巡航靶弹非线性动力学模型,利用反演设计法求取虚拟控制和实际控制,并在虚拟控制和实际控制中引入自适应鲁棒项,以抵消系统不确定性的影响。利用Lyapunov稳定性理论证明控制系统稳定。仿真表明,所设计控制器能有效解决系统不确定性及外界干扰问题,具有较强鲁棒性。     

电缆负载射频电磁辐射响应规律研究

采用基于有限积分法的电磁仿真软件CST建立等幅正弦波辐照条件下同轴电缆电磁耦合响应模型,研究终端负载电阻及电缆长度对终端响应电压的影响规律。结果表明,随着终端负载电阻的增大,响应电压逐渐增大,而后趋于稳定;不同频率条件下,电缆长度在一个波长范围内,电缆负载响应电压幅值先是随着电缆长度的增加而变大;达到最大值后,随着长度的增加,响应幅值反而减小。     

陕西蒲城Q_2黄土物质组成试验研究

利用激光散射粒度分布分析仪、X射线衍射仪等先进的测试手段和化学成分分析,得到了陕西蒲城Q2黄土的物质组成特点,包括颗粒组成、矿物成分、化学成分、易溶盐含量、酸碱特性等,并指出与Q3黄土的差异。为深入研究Q2黄土的湿陷机理和工程地质特性以及解释与Q3黄土工程性质的差异提供科学依据。     

自适应模糊滑模在火箭炮位置伺服系统中的应用

针对多管火箭炮交流位置伺服系统转动惯量和负载力矩变化大的特性,设计了自适应模糊滑模位置控制器.用模糊控制逼近理想滑模控制,设计切换控制补偿逼近误差,自适应控制调节模糊参数和切换控制的不确定上界.为了保证系统渐进稳定和可控,根据李亚普函数导出自适应率.仿真结果表明该控制策略不仅保证了系统的静、动态特性,而且对负载扰动和系统参数摄动具有较强的鲁棒性.     

学术腐败现象探析

学术腐败现象是指科学研究不讲科学精神,在学术研究中大搞“假、冒、伪、劣产品”,获取名誉地位。其具体现象有拼凑、改头换面、编造数据、剽窃他人成果等。针对这些现象提出了加强思想道德教育、健全相关法规、加大监察力度、专家双盲审稿等遏制措施。     

用Matlab实现减摇鳍模糊控制器仿真

基于Conolly理论建立了船舶模型,以横摇角和横摇角速度为输入量,鳍角为输出量,应用模糊控制理论设计了减摇鳍模糊控制器;利用Matlab的fuzzylogic工具箱针对不同海情对控制器进行了仿真.结果表明,减摇鳍模糊控制器与传统PID控制器相比具有更好的控制效果.     

Bin‐packing problem with concave costs of bin utilization

We consider a generalized one‐dimensional bin‐packing model where the cost of a bin is a nondecreasing concave function of the utilization of the bin. Four popular heuristics from the literature of the classical bin‐packing problem are studied: First Fit (FF), Best Fit (BF), First Fit Decreasing (FFD), and Best Fit Decreasing (BFD). We analyze their worst‐case performances when they are applied to our model. The absolute worst‐case performance ratio of FF and BF is shown to be exactly 2, and that of FFD and BFD is shown to be exactly 1.5. Computational experiments are also conducted to test the performance of these heuristics. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Hypersonic impact flash characteristics of a long-rod projectile collision with a thin plate target

Impact flash occurs when objects collide at supersonic speeds and can be used for real-time damage assessment when weapons rely on kinetic energy to destroy targets.However,the mechanism of impact flash remains unclear.A series of impact flash experiments of flat-head long-rod projectiles impacting thin target plates were performed with a two-stage light gas gun.The impact flash spectra for 6061 aluminum at 1.3-3.2 km/s collision speeds were recorded with a high-speed camera,a photoelectric sensor,and a time-resolved spectrometer.The intensity of the impact flash exhibited a pulse charac-teristic with time.The intensity(I)increased with impact velocity(V0)according to I∝Vn0,where n = 4.41 for V0 ＞ 2 km/s.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,n = 2.21,and the intense flash duration is an order of magnitude less than that of higher V0.When V0 ＞ 2 km/s,a continuous spectrum(thermal radiation background)was observed and increased in intensity with V0.However,for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,only atomic line spectra were detected.There was no aluminum spectral lines for V0 ＜ 2 km/s,which indicated that it had not been vaporized.The initial intense flash was emission from excited and ionized ambient gases near the impact surface,and had little relationship with shock temperature rise,indicating a new mechanism of impact flash.