高硬热喷涂层的缓进给切削试验

采用高硬材料切削过程中常用的2种刀具材料CBN和YG610,应用缓进给的模式对高硬喷涂层进行切削试验。试验结果表明：采用小进给切削模式YG610刀具切削高硬热喷涂层可以获得较理想的刀具耐用度,并且加工表面质量可以达到Ra1以下,具备了以车代磨的基本条件。高硬材料切削常用的刀具CBN在切削过程中出现了较严重的非正常破损现象。通过对试验现象的分析,可以认为冲击性和高硬度的同时存在是喷涂层切削的最重要特性。因此,喷涂层切削刀具需要同时具备较高的韧性和硬度。     

基于小波包能量谱的管道缺陷磁记忆检测信号特征研究

现有磁记忆检测技术判定准则,只能指示应力集中位置,无法进一步获取应力集中信息。为获取应力集中信息,提出一种基于小波包能量谱的磁记忆信号分析方法,进行试件拉伸试验。拉伸应力为200 MPa时,信号小波包能量谱分布较为均匀,各频带能量占总能量之比均小于15%,不存在集中分布的频带范围。拉伸应力为410 MPa时,信号小波包能量谱最大值分布在1,3,4频带,1~4频带能量之和占总能量的73.8%,小波包能量主要集中在低频段。试件屈服后,信号小波包能量谱最大值分布在1,2频带,能量谱分布极为分散,能量主要集中在低频段的1,2频带,1~3频带能量之和占总能量的87.3%。管道试件应力集中程度与磁记忆信号的小波包能量谱分布特征有关,应力集中程度越低,小波包能量谱分布越均匀;应力集中程度越高,小波包能量谱分布越集中,能量主要向低频段集中。     

频率估计的多段异频等长信号相位积累算法

为提高信号频率估计精度和扩展已有方法的适用范围,提出一种基于相位积累的多段异频等长信号的频率估计算法。首先生成异频分析参数矩阵,克服分段信号频率不等问题;其次设计相位差补偿因子,克服分段信号相位不连续问题;最后搜索相位累积频谱最大值,获得信号频率估计值。为验证算法的正确性,给出了相应的数学推导证明。仿真实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的频率估计精度,频率估计误差约为现有方法的1/2,较为接近克拉美罗下限。     

一种适用于拦截高速目标的末段导引律

基于在视线坐标系中的导弹-目标相对运动模型,以控制导弹-目标视线角速度趋于零为基本思想,设计了一种末制导律,用于拦截高超声速目标。以脱靶量和能量消耗为约束条件,以目标无机动时有很好的性能为目的,首先设计了最优制导律;然后,基于滑模控制理论,选择合适的滑模趋近律,对所设计的最优制导律进行改进得到最优滑模制导律;用李雅普诺夫理论证明了该制导律的稳定性,分析了该制导律参数选择条件。仿真结果表明,与最优制导律相比,所设计的制导律对目标机动有较强的鲁棒性,能以直接碰撞的方式拦截高超声速目标。     

基于菱形模板的摄像机标定方法

在传统的基于平面模板的摄像机标定算法和基于3个非线性点在特定运动下的标定算法的基础上,提出了一种基于菱形模板的摄像机标定算法,本算法只需要知道菱形的一个夹角就能标定出摄像机的内参数矩阵。弥补了传统算法在标定时需要知道特征点世界坐标的不足,减少了制定模板世界坐标带来的误差;同时本算法不需要菱形特征点做任何运动,避免了旋转特征点带来的人为误差。该算法的标定精度仅取决于特征点检测的精度,实验结果验证了该文算法的有效性。     

循迹智能小车的系统设计

系统采用AT89S52单片机作为控制核心,结合红外遥控电路、红外循迹避障电路和电机驱动电路等硬件组成智能小车,通过软件设计实现小车对行驶路线的智能循迹。设计中电机驱动采用L9110芯片,利用红外光的接受差值实现蔽障,能有效地控制其避免障碍物。用红外传感器TCRT5000来检测道路上的黑线,使单片机循迹控制小车按预定的速度行驶。可用遥控器遥控小车的运行状态,并可自由切换到自动运行模式。具有运行稳定、控制精度高等优点,在科技创新和科技推广方面有很好的应用前景。     

Peridynamic modeling and simulation of thermo-mechanical de-icing process with modified ice failure criterion

De-icing technology has become an increasingly important subject in numerous applications in recent years. However, the direct numerical modeling and simulation the physical process of thermo-mechanical deicing is limited. This work is focusing on developing a numerical model and tool to direct simulate the de-icing process in the framework of the coupled thermo-mechanical peridynamics theory. Here, we adopted the fully coupled thermo-mechanical bond-based peridynamics (TM-BB-PD) method for modeling and simulation of de-icing. Within the framework of TM-BB-PD, the ice consti-tutive model is established by considering the influence of the temperature difference between two material points, and a modified failure criteria is proposed, which takes into account temperature effect to predict the damage of quasi-brittle ice material. Moreover, thermal boundary condition is used to simulate the thermal load in the de-icing process. By comparing with the experimental results and the previous reportedfinite element modeling, our numerical model shows good agreement with the pre-vious predictions. Based on the numerical results, we find that the developed method can not only predict crack initiation and propagation in the ice, but also predict the temperature distribution and heat conduction during the de-icing process. Furthermore, the influence of the temperature for the ice crack growth pattern is discussed accordingly. In conclusion, the coupled thermal-mechanical peridynamics formulation with modified failure criterion is capable of providing a modeling tool for engineering ap-plications of de-icing technology.     

Background dominant colors extraction method based on color image quick fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm

A quick and accurate extraction of dominant colors of background images is the basis of adaptive camouflage design. This paper proposes a Color Image Quick Fuzzy C-Means (CIQFCM) clustering algorithm based on clustering spatial mapping. First, the clustering sample space was mapped from the image pixels to the quantized color space, and several methods were adopted to compress the amount of clustering samples. Then, an improved pedigree clustering algorithm was applied to obtain the initial class centers. Finally, CIQFCM clustering algorithm was used for quick extraction of dominant colors of background image. After theoretical analysis of the effect and efficiency of the CIQFCM algorithm, several experiments were carried out to discuss the selection of proper quantization intervals and to verify the effect and efficiency of the CIQFCM algorithm. The results indicated that the value of quantization intervals should be set to 4, and the proposed algorithm could improve the clustering efficiency while maintaining the clustering effect. In addition, as the image size increased from 128 × 128 to 1024 × 1024, the efficiency improvement of CIQFCM algorithm was increased from 6.44 times to 36.42 times, which demonstrated the significant advantage of CIQFCM algorithm in dominant colors extraction of large-size images.     

一种基于可用性的战术通信子网评估方法

针对战术通信子网可用性建模,利用马尔可夫方法对单网可用性模型进行了数学分析,采用蒙特卡洛仿真法进行验证,并给出了一种考虑了战术层级特点以及节点权重的通信网可用性仿真模型,计算可用性参数来对系统做出可用性评估.实验结果表明,该仿真方法具有一定的有效性和可用性,为战术通信网可用性评估提供了新的思路及参考方法.     

改进的YOLOV3算法在小目标检测中的研究与应用

战场目标的图像检测与识别对于战场监视、侦察、毁伤状态评估和火控系统研究等具有重要作用.以坦克装甲目标为研究对象,选用识别精度高、速度快的YOLOV3为基础目标检测模型,针对复杂战场环境中获取图像目标特征信息少的问题,引入多尺度特征增强结构的方法对YOLOV3模型进行改进,通过丰富特征图多样性的方式,提高模型性能.在坦克数据集上的实验结果表明,改进后的算法对于复杂战场环境下的小目标特征具有更强的敏感性,较大程度上增强了模型的识别精度.