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81.
内可逆卡诺热泵的生态学优化性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文导出了内可逆卡诺热泵的供热量、供热率和供热系数的耗散量,以反映热泵供热率π与其耗散φ_cT_Lσ,即热泵熵产率σ、低温热源温度T_L和可逆供热系数φ_c乘积之间最佳折衷的“生态学”性能E=π-φ_cT_Lσ为目标,基于牛顿和线性唯象传热定律,研究内可逆卡诺热泵的优化问题,得到最大E性能时的供热系数界限及相应的供热率和熵产率。 相似文献
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非线性传热条件下的内可逆卡诺热机最优性能有了一些讨论,本文将导出不可逆卡诺热泵工作于非线性传热 Q■条件下,最佳供热系数д与泵热率π的关系。据此可确定任意泵热率时所对应的供热系数界限。最后,讨论了这一关系的一些应用,所得结果包含了经典热力学及内可逆线性传热情况下的有关结论,为实际热泵设计提供新的理论依据。 相似文献
84.
We consider optimal test plans involving life distributions with failure‐free life, i.e., where there is an unknown threshold parameter below which no failure will occur. These distributions do not satisfy the regularity conditions and thus the usual approach of using the Fisher information matrix to obtain an optimal accelerated life testing (ALT) plan cannot be applied. In this paper, we assume that lifetime follows a two‐parameter exponential distribution and the stress‐life relationship is given by the inverse power law model. Near‐optimal test plans for constant‐stress ALT under both failure‐censoring and time‐censoring are obtained. We first obtain unbiased estimates for the parameters and give the approximate variance of these estimates for both failure‐censored and time‐censored data. Using these results, the variance for the approximate unbiased estimate of a percentile at a design stress is computed and then minimized to produce the near‐optimal plan. Finally, a numerical example is presented together with simulation results to study the accuracy of the approximate variance given by the proposed plan and show that it outperforms the equal‐allocation plan. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 169–186, 1999 相似文献
85.
孙丕忠 《国防科技大学学报》1994,16(1):115-119
本文从非线性振动理论和反馈控制论的角度研究了vanderPol振子在负反馈作用下的动力性态,用中心流形法和形式级数法分析了vanderPol振子的局部稳定性和Hopf分叉行为,用Runge─Kutta法给出了仿真结果。 相似文献
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氧气体积分数对油气爆炸特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为燃烧和爆炸三要素之一,氧气体积分数的控制对于爆炸事故的防治具有重要意义。实验研究了氧气体积分数对汽油蒸气-空气混合物(简称油气)爆炸极限和爆炸压力的影响。结果表明:随着氧气体积分数的降低,油气爆炸下限呈一阶指数规律缓慢增大,油气爆炸上限呈线性规律迅速减小;爆炸极限范围由0.92%~3.76%缩小为1点,该爆炸极限临界点为1.22%,对应的临界氧气体积分数为11.4%;油气的最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率随着氧气体积分数的降低而减小,油气体积分数越大,氧气体积分数影响越显著。 相似文献
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Shockwaves from fuel-air explosive (FAE) cloud explosions may cause significant casualties. The ground overpressure field is usually used to evaluate the damage range of explosion shockwaves. In this paper, a finite element model of multi-sources FAE explosion is established to simulate the process of multiple shockwaves propagation and interaction. The model is verified with the experimental data of a fourfold-source FAE explosion, with the total fuel mass of 340 kg. Simulation results show that the overpressure fields of multi-sources FAE explosions are different from that of the single-source. In the case of multi-sources, the overpressure fields are influenced significantly by source scattering distance and source number. Subsequently, damage ranges of overpressure under three different levels are calculated. Within a suitable source scattering distance, the damage range of multi-sources situation is greater than that of the single-source, under the same amount of total fuel mass. This research provides a basis for personnel shockwave protection from multi-sources FAE explosion. 相似文献
90.
The explosive reaction degree and protection from explosions are concerns in the military field.In this work,the reaction degree of the composition B explosive was investigated experimentally.Multi-layered compound structures were used as barriers to weaken the blast loads.A comprehensive experiment using a high-speed camera and image processing techniques,side witness plates,and bottom witness plates was presented.Using the experimental fragment velocities,fragment piercing patterns,and damage characteristics,the reaction degree of the explosive impeded by different multi-layered com-pound structures could be precisely differentiated.Reaction parameters of the explosive obstructed by compound structures were obtained by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.Unlike the common method in which the explosive reaction degree is only distinguished based on the initial pressure amplitude transmitted into the explosive,a following shock wave reflected from the side steel casing was also considered.Different detonation growth paths in the explosive formed.Therefore,all these shock wave propagation characteristics must be considered to analyze the explosive response impeded by compound structures. 相似文献