Mailed Fists and Velvet Gloves: The Relevance of Smart Power to Singapore’s Evolving Defence and Foreign Policy

Abstract

This paper critically assesses the conceptual utility of smart power to Singapore’s evolving defence and foreign policy and behaviour. First, as a political concept adopted by the United States for its post-Afghanistan strategy, smart power does not travel easily. With qualifications, however, the notion is relevant to Singapore’s policy pragmatism and its emphasis on deterrence and diplomacy. Second, Singapore’s willingness to employ its military assets in disaster relief and peacekeeping arguably hews most closely to smart power’s mix of hard and soft approaches. Third, Singapore’s contributions to global governance, albeit limited, imply a rethinking among its leaders on the place of values in its policy.     

不确定性作战任务形式化描述方法

针对复杂作战环境下作战任务的不可预知性特点,对不确定性任务的形式化描述方法进行了深入研究。分析不确定环境导致的任务分解和执行过程中存在的不确定性因素,从任务本身的不确定性、任务之间关系不确定性以及作战单元执行不确定性等方面,对不确定性任务进行了形式化描述,提出了不确定性任务形式化描述流程,最后通过一个实例对所提方法进行了验证。     

基于一般二元关系的不确定性度量方法研究

针对一般二元关系,从知识的区分能力角度提出一种带有可调节参数的新的不确定性度量-α熵,给出了其在一般二元关系下的重要性质,指出一般二元关系下的α熵是现有多种不确定性度量的扩展,统一了完备和不完备信息系统中知识的不确定性度量.结合知识的α熵,给出了一般二元关系下粗糙集的α精度和α粗糙度的定义,证明了α精度、α粗糙度和知识...     

装备型号研制项目风险管理体系框架研究

项目风险管理是装备型号研制工作的主要内容之一,并直接影响着项目的成败。本文在分析了装备型号研制项目风险特点的基础上,阐述了包括项目风险管理系统的外围支持体系、项目风险管理的组织结构形式和风险管理流程规划在内的风险管理体系框架的构建,对装备型号研制的风险管理工作有着极强的指导意义。     

Exact expected values of variance estimators for simulation

We formulate exact expressions for the expected values of selected estimators of the variance parameter (that is, the sum of covariances at all lags) of a steady‐state simulation output process. Given in terms of the autocovariance function of the process, these expressions are derived for variance estimators based on the simulation analysis methods of nonoverlapping batch means, overlapping batch means, and standardized time series. Comparing estimator performance in a first‐order autoregressive process and the M/M/1 queue‐waiting‐time process, we find that certain standardized time series estimators outperform their competitors as the sample size becomes large. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

全局仿射变换条件下图像不变量提取新方法

从仿射几何理论出发,提出了一种全局仿射变换条件下图像特征不变量构造的新方法.利用仿射区域划分获取一组扩展质心集合作为图像特征点集;求解特征点集的凸包,根据扩展质心的性质将凸包顶点均匀组合成若干特征区域;利用仿射几何性质构造了有效的仿射不变量.实验对该方法进行了全面的比较分析,以验证所构造的不变量更具稳定性和高时效性.