Approximation schemes for single‐machine scheduling with a fixed maintenance activity to minimize the total amount of late work

We consider the problem of scheduling n independent and simultaneously available jobs without preemption on a single machine, where the machine has a fixed maintenance activity. The objective is to find the optimal job sequence to minimize the total amount of late work, where the late work of a job is the amount of processing of the job that is performed after its due date. We first discuss the approximability of the problem. We then develop two pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming algorithms and a fully polynomial‐time approximation scheme for the problem. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 172–183, 2016     

The Crowe Memorandum,the Rebalance to Asia,and Sino-US Relations

Many contemporary academics and policy analysts have revisited the Anglo-German rivalry before 1914 to predict what may await China and the United States in the twenty-first century. However, few, if indeed any, have specified in what sense this comparison can be made. This paper attempts to fill this gap with a detailed analysis of the strategic parallels between the Anglo-German rivalry then and the China–US competition now through the lens of the Crowe Memorandum. The author argues that the basic parallel between the rise of Germany and the rise of China lies in the challenges they posed or pose to the dominant maritime power and system leader – Great Britain then and the United States today. This parallel also explains the similarity between the Triple Entente initiated by Great Britain prior to 1914 and the Rebalance to Asia launched by the United States in 2011. Furthermore, as in the case of the Anglo-German rivalry before 1914, the most crucial problem underlying the mounting China–US competition in recent years has been America’s deepening apprehension about the development of China’s anti-access/area-denial (A2/AD) and naval capabilities. This development, from the US perspective, is threatening to deprive the US of its most crucial instrument to influence the strategic equilibrium on the East Asian littorals. Based on the lessons of the Anglo-German rivalry prior to 1914, the essay also examines the potential for mitigating, if not eliminating, the mounting competition and misgivings between China and the United States.     

Military spending and growth: a small open economy stochastic growth model

The paper analyzes the effects of military spending on economic growth in a small open stochastic endogenous growth model involving the supply-side and demand-side effects produced by military spending. We show that a rise in the military spending affects economic growth through four channels, including the crowding-out effect, the spin-off effect, the resource mobilization effect, and the portfolio effect. The net effect which depends on these four channels is ambiguous. Hence, we demonstrate that there exists an optimal defense burden that maximizes the economic growth rate.     

专家系统优化排列准则及时间估计模型研究

军用仿真系统中 ,专家系统作为一个决策软件包 ,满足整个软件系统运行的性能需要 ,因此研究专家系统的推理时间是必要的。专家系统的推理时间与其推理模式、知识库结构等因素有关。针对知识库结构 ,利用时间齐次马尔可夫链为专家系统知识库进行建模 ,并给出了相应的时间估计模型及其排列准则 ,从而可以研究专家系统的实时性。     

脉冲高电压的频率对电容分压器性能的影响

研制了一种测量脉冲高电压的电容分压器,从理论和实验两个方面分析了高电压脉冲的频率对电容分压器分压比的影响。并用此电容分压器测量了Tesla变压器型强流电子束加速器的谐振特性波形,测量结果与理论分析一致。     

双绝热近似下磁流体力学线性稳定性原理

本文得出了双绝热近似的磁流体力学能量积分关系式。分析表明这种磁流体力学系统是保守的,可以采用运动方程或能量原理方法分析系统的稳定性特性。本文从控制方程组出发讨论了线性稳定性的基本原理,指出纵向压力增值有助于系统的稳定性。     

建立健全科学的军队干部考核评价体系

建立健全军队干部考核评价体系,必须以科学发展观和正确的政治观为指导,建立与完善军队干部考核评价主体体系、内容体系、方法体系以及相关制度措施。     

合成旅装备维修保障效能评估的理论框架

针对合成旅装备维修保障效能评估需要明确的基本概念、合成旅特性、评估指标体系等基本理论问题,建立了合成旅装备维修保障效能评估的理论框架。系统分析和阐述了效能的概念和属性,建立了系统效能的概念模型,详细分析了合成旅特性和合成旅装备维修保障系统,建立了面向合成旅的装备维修保障效能评估指标体系框架,为开展合成旅装备维修保障效能评估方法研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。     

军队编制体制调整对人员整体结构的影响

建立了军队人员等级结构模型,通过"等待时间"和"理想态"的定义,给出了从任意等级状态达到"理想态"的最优方法。在给定理想态下,为平衡等级结构内部流动性和平稳性,提出了求取各等级转移概率(转移矩阵)的方法。利用该模型,以"等待时间"和调入量为指标,对军队体制编制调整中出现的结构不平衡的现象进行分析,提出了对策建议。     

The modern naval fortress: an additional sea denial option for coastal states

As fixed facilities, naval fortresses seem unlikely to be important in a sea denial strategy which is usually about mobility, but new defence technologies and the changing geostrategic environment may revive the concept of the fortress. Extended ranges of anti-ship means allow onshore firepower to engage enemies over distance, even beyond the economic exclusive zones where most maritime territorial disputes occur. In the face of size limits on missile warheads that constrain their destruction of hardened targets, various active and passive defence technologies against missiles can enhance the survivability of onshore fortresses. Furthermore, onshore locations give fortresses the advantage of being unsinkable and able to accommodate greater energy and firepower capacity in contrast to vessels, as well as other mobile platforms. The onshore nature of fortresses also gives a different political meaning to being attacked, for the clear violation of sovereignty, as opposed to vessels and aircraft in a disputed space. However, the fact those fortresses are not invincible means cooperation with other existing capabilities still necessary. The case of Vietnam demonstrates how fortresses could strengthen the inferior defence capability of a coastal state vis-à-vis. a stronger sea power.