Approximation schemes for single‐machine scheduling with a fixed maintenance activity to minimize the total amount of late work

We consider the problem of scheduling n independent and simultaneously available jobs without preemption on a single machine, where the machine has a fixed maintenance activity. The objective is to find the optimal job sequence to minimize the total amount of late work, where the late work of a job is the amount of processing of the job that is performed after its due date. We first discuss the approximability of the problem. We then develop two pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming algorithms and a fully polynomial‐time approximation scheme for the problem. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 172–183, 2016     

空间电磁环境计算机仿真

本文在建立了地面雷达数据库的基础上,对空间平台所处的雷达信号环境进行了仿真研究。文中给出了部分仿真数学模型和仿真软件模块结构,并利用仿真软件对空间平台位置处的雷达信号功率流密度和各种分布特性等进行了仿真试验研究,给出了有意义的仿真试验结果     

公民道德建设是落实"以德治国"战略的重大举措

要加强公民道德建设,首先必须认识这一建设的重要意义,这是调动每个公民自觉投身社会主义现代化建设事业的内在要求,是搞好各项工作的前提条件.公民道德建设是发展先进文化的重要内容,是提高全民素质的一项基础性工程,对弘扬民族精神和时代精神,形成良好的社会道德风尚,促进物质文明与精神文明协调发展,全面推进建设有中国特色社会主义伟大事业,具有十分重要的意义.     

一种新型的流量信号倍频器

一、概述我校研制的新型的流量信号倍频器——LXB-I,是提高流量信号处理精度和分辨率的一种专用仪器。火箭发动机试车时的流量信号,其频率通常在40Hz～2KHz范围内,若直接加到微型机处理,计数时会带来±1Hz的误差,这对低频信号引起的相对误差是可观的。经LXB-I将流量信号频率提高10倍或100倍,便可相应提高测量精度10倍或100倍。本仪器也可用于一般的流量信号或转速测量,以提高分辨率及测量精度。     

分布交互仿真技术在作战理论研究中的应用

介绍了分布交互仿真技术的发展现状,对应用分布交互仿真技术进行作战理论研究的问题进行了探讨。     

Diffusion approximation to the G/G/R machine repair problem with warm standby spares

The G/G/R machine repair problem with M operating machines, S warm standby spares, and R repairmen is studied as a diffusion process. The steady-state equations are formulated as diffusion equations subject to two reflecting barriers. The approximate diffusion parameters of the diffusion equations are obtained (1) under the assumption that the input characteristics of the problem are defined only by their first two moments rather than their probability distribution function, (2) under the assumption of heavy traffic approximation, that is, when queues of failed machines in the repair stage are almost always nonempty, and (3) using well-known asymptotic results from renewal theory. Expressions for the probability density functions of the number of failed machines in the system are obtained. A study of the derived approximate results, compared to some of the exact results, suggests that the diffusion approach provides a useful method for solving complex machine-repair problems.     

Dynamic pricing in a trade-in program with replacement and new customers

Trade-in programs have been widely adopted to enhance repeat purchase from replacement customers. Considering that a market consists of replacement and new segments, we study the joint and dynamic decisions on the selling price of new product (hereafter, “selling price”) and the trade-in price involved in the program. By adopting a vertical product differentiation choice model, we investigate two scenarios in this paper. In the base model, the manufacturer has sufficiently large production capacity to fulfill the customer demand. We characterize the structural properties of the joint pricing decisions and compare them with the optimal pricing policy under regular selling. We further propose a semi-dynamic trade-in program, under which the new product is sold at a fixed price and the trade-in price can be adjusted dynamically. Numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the dynamic and semi-dynamic trade-in programs. In an extended model, we consider the scenario in which the manufacturer stocks a batch of new products in the beginning of the selling horizon and the inventory cannot be replenished. Following a revenue management framework, we characterize the structural properties with respect to time period and inventory level of new products.     

Inventory transshipment game with limited supply: Trap or treat

Inventory transshipment is generally shown to be beneficial to retailers by matching their excess demand with surplus inventory. We investigate an inventory transshipment game with two newsvendor-type retailers under limited total supply and check whether the retailers are better off than the case without transshipment. We derive the ordering strategies for the retailers and show that unlike the unlimited supply case, a pure Nash equilibrium only exists under certain conditions. Furthermore, contrary to the conventional wisdom, we show that inventory transshipment may not always benefit both retailers. Although one of the retailers is guaranteed to be better off, the other could be worse off. The decision criteria are then provided for the retailers to determine if they will benefit from the exercise of inventory transshipment. Numerical study indicates that the carefully chosen transshipment prices play an important role in keeping inventory transshipment beneficial to both retailers. Subsequently, a coordinating mechanism is designed for the retailers to negotiate transshipment prices that maximize the total profit of the two retailers while keeping each of them in a beneficial position.     

圆度仪在形状和位置误差测量中的应用

本文对圆度仪的基本工作原理、功能特点以及在形状和位置误差测量中的应用,圆度仪的测量不确定度评定等几方面进行阐述。通过具体的实例论述了圆度仪是形位误差测量中较好的一种精密仪器,其应用软件功能强大、操作简便,提高了形位误差测量的准确性和工作效率。     

大型试验任务的计量保障研究

为探讨计量技术对于保障大型试验任务顺利进行的重要作用,针对其覆盖领域广、参试设备多、测试现场点多线长的特点,重点分析了试验开始前、试验过程中和试验结束后对计量保障的需求。对于如何做好大型试验任务的计量保障工作,从明确计量工作合法参试地位、建立参试测量设备的计量确认体系、根据试验任务的需要合理调配计量资源及做好紧急情况下的应急处置等四个方面提出的几点思考性意见。