中等收入人口定位的收入比区间法

为准确定位中等收入人口,在分析洛伦兹曲线和贫富分界点的基础上,以人口收入占总收入比例来描述中等收入人口。提出了中等收入人口定位的收入比区间法,先利用非线性最小二乘拟合洛伦兹曲线,计算出贫富分界点,然后确定经过两极分化指数修正的中等收入比区间,进而计算中等收入水平及人口,给出了算法步骤。A,B两地区的定位结果表明,用收入比描述中等收入人口符合经济学规律,收入比区间法能有效定位和度量中等收入人口。全国城镇居民中等收入定位结果表明,中等收入人口的比例在下降,收入水平在增加,收入分配的公平性得到了改善。     

PID调节下H桥式逆变器离散建模及分岔现象

为研究PID调节下H桥式逆变器的非线性行为,选取逆变器输入电压为分岔参数,利用频闪映射法推导出PID调节下H桥式逆变器的离散数学模型.使用Matlab编程得到系统输出电流随输入电压变化的动态分岔图,通过数值仿真验证了离散数学模型的正确性.仿真结果表明频闪映射法适用于建立H桥式逆变器的离散数学模型;PID调节下H桥式逆变器存在分岔行为.研究结果可为建立PID调节下H桥式逆变器的离散数学模型提供参考.     

基于改进March SS算法的存储器测试技术研究

摘要：针对存储器的特点,介绍了存储器简化的功能故障模型．基于一种既可以测试静态简化故障又可以测试动态简化故障的MarchSS算法,提出了一种改进的存储器测试算法MarchSSI算法．该算法不仅能测出MarchSS算法测试的所有功能故障,而且能够覆盖MarchSS算法遗漏的故障,使算法故障覆盖率有了一定的提高．通过仿真,验证了算法的可行性．     

水面光电探测技术研究进展分析与展望

文章围绕水面光电探测技术,对该技术的内涵特点、适用范围以及主要用途进行了概括介绍．对近些年来国外在水面光电探测技术方面的发展进行了梳理,分析列举了光电探测技术发展的若干趋势,并分析了目前国内外技术间存在的差距,最后对发展我军水面光电探测技术值得重点关注的研究方向进行了分析并提出了自己的建议。     

关联网络中的级联失效模型与分析

网络之间的关联依赖关系能使某一网络内的级联失效扩散至其他网络,其本质是位于不同网络的关联节点之间基于功能依赖的相关失效.以两个关联的网络为对象,建立关联网络模型,提出了一种关联网络的级联失效模型.模型将关联网络中的级联失效分解为网络内级联失效和网络间级联失效,并采用了基于度的级联规模评价方法.利用模型研究了两个关联无标...     

基于云重心方法的海战场环境评估

针对当前海战场环境评估方法存在的问题与不足,引入云理论对其进行科学评估。首先,对云模型和云重心的评判步骤进行阐述。然后,建立海战场环境的云模型和评价指标体系,算出加权偏离度θ。最后,将结果输入云发生器得出评价结果。实验结果表明,该方法简单易行,可操作性强,为海战场环境评估提供了一种较好的途径。     

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper, the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE) are numerically investigated, and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation, instabilities, and propulsive performance. A hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC) systems. A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa, and the equivalence ratio of 0.9, 1, 1.4 are simulated. On one hand, the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves. The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure (1 MPa) and weakened with the increase of the total pressure. The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse. On the other hand, the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities, while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit. It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition. Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1, and 1.4. The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases, which is around 2700 s. The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.     

Delamination process in cross-ply UHMWPE laminates under ballistic penetration

Cross-ply unidirectional laminates made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are widely used as components of bullet-proof vests. To simulate the delamination process of the material under penetration, we constructed a numerical mechanical model, which was validated by tests using 7.62 × 39 mm rifle bullets penetrating laminates of different thicknesses. The results show that the delamination region is essentially diamond-shaped. The simulated delamination region is in good agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the delamination region increases with the compression modulus along the fiber direction. The delamination region increases when the shear strength between the fabric layers decreases;However, it is little influenced by the normal strength. The delamination region of the front face of the laminate is little influenced by the failure strain of the material and the initial velocity of the bullet. The delamination region of the back face increases with the failure strain and decreases with the initial velocity.     

Numerical and experimental study on the response characteristics of warhead in the fast cook-off process

The response characteristics of the warhead under thermal stimuli conditions are important to the safety improvement. The goal of this study is to obtain data on the warhead in the fast cook-off process. In this paper, a numerical calculation method is proposed, whose reliability is supported by comparison with experimental results. Through the numerical calculation, the temperature distribution, temperature change, and ignition time are acquired. The numerical results show that the ignition time is 76 s after the warhead started to burn and that the maximum temperature of the explosive's outer surface is 238.3 C at the ignition time. The fast cook-off experiment of the warhead is implemented so as to get the flame temperature and reaction grades that are not available through numerical calculation. The experimental results show that the overpressure fails to reach the preset minimum value which is equivalent to 6 kg of TNT and that the reaction grade is deflagration. The research results have reference value for the design of the warhead and the reduction of detonation risks.     

Hazard evaluation of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity for three typical MH2 (M＝Mg,Ti, Zr) of energetic materials

MgH2, TiH2, and ZrH2 are three typical metal hydrides that have been gradually applied to composite explosives and propellants as additives in recent years. To evaluate ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, the Hartmann device and spherical pressure vessel were used to test ignition energy and ex-plosion pressure, respectively. The results showed that the ignition sensitivity of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 gradually increased. When the concentration of MgH2 is 83.0 g/m3 in Hartmann device, the ignition energy attained a minimum of 10.0 mJ. The explosion pressure of MgH2 were 1.44 times and 1.76 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, and the explosion pressure rising rate were 3.97 times and 9.96 times that of TiH2 and ZrH2, respectively, through the spherical pressure vessel. It indicated that the reaction reactivity and reaction rate of MgH2 were higher than that of TiH2 and ZrH2. In addition, to conduct in-depth theoretical analysis of ignition sensitivity and explosion severity, gas production and combus-tion heat per unit mass of ZrH2, TiH2 and MgH2 were tested by mercury manometer and oxygen bomb calorimetry. The experimental results revealed that MgH2 had a relatively high gas production per unit mass (5.15 mL/g), while TiH2 and ZrH2 both had a gas production of less than 2.0 mL/g. Their thermal stability gradually increased, leading to a gradual increase in ignition energy. Furthermore, compared with theoretical combustion heat, the combustion ratio of MgH2, TiH2 and ZrH2 was more than 96.0%, with combustion heat value of 29.96, 20.94 and 12.22 MJ/kg, respectively, which was consistent with the explosion pressure and explosion severity test results.