在热处理领域应用可靠性理论的研究

本文提出以最小失效概率为标准,解决钢材强韧性最佳匹配问题,并以此来优选钢材的回火温度或淬火温度。本文将可靠性理论引入热处理领域,以强度理论和断裂力学为依据,应用干涉模型和最弱环模型,在一定条件下计算出各种状态下材料的一系列综合失效概率,进而找出具有最小失效概率的状态,即为此条件下最佳强韧性匹配的状态,也就是我们应当优选的状态。     

Effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on kerosene/air rotating detonation engines using a paralleling CE/SE method

In this paper, the kerosene/air rotating detonation engines(RDE) are numerically investigated, and the emphasis is laid on the effects of total pressures and equivalence ratios on the operation characteristics of RDE including the initiation, instabilities, and propulsive performance. A hybrid MPI + OpenMP parallel computing model is applied and it is proved to be able to obtain a more effective parallel performance on high performance computing(HPC) systems. A series of cases with the total pressure of 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2 MPa, and the equivalence ratio of 0.9, 1, 1.4 are simulated. On one hand, the total pressure shows a significant impact on the instabilities of rotating detonation waves. The instability phenomenon is observed in cases with low total pressure (1 MPa) and weakened with the increase of the total pressure. The total pressure has a small impact on the detonation wave velocity and the specific impulse. On the other hand, the equivalence ratio shows a negligible influence on the instabilities, while it affects the ignition process and accounts for the detonation velocity deficit. It is more difficult to initiate rotating detonation waves directly in the lean fuel operation condition. Little difference was observed in the thrust with different equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1, and 1.4. The highest specific impulse was obtained in the lean fuel cases, which is around 2700 s. The findings could provide insights into the understanding of the operation characteristics of kerosene/air RDE.     

Delamination process in cross-ply UHMWPE laminates under ballistic penetration

Cross-ply unidirectional laminates made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers are widely used as components of bullet-proof vests. To simulate the delamination process of the material under penetration, we constructed a numerical mechanical model, which was validated by tests using 7.62 × 39 mm rifle bullets penetrating laminates of different thicknesses. The results show that the delamination region is essentially diamond-shaped. The simulated delamination region is in good agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the delamination region increases with the compression modulus along the fiber direction. The delamination region increases when the shear strength between the fabric layers decreases;However, it is little influenced by the normal strength. The delamination region of the front face of the laminate is little influenced by the failure strain of the material and the initial velocity of the bullet. The delamination region of the back face increases with the failure strain and decreases with the initial velocity.     

Numerical and experimental study on the response characteristics of warhead in the fast cook-off process

The response characteristics of the warhead under thermal stimuli conditions are important to the safety improvement. The goal of this study is to obtain data on the warhead in the fast cook-off process. In this paper, a numerical calculation method is proposed, whose reliability is supported by comparison with experimental results. Through the numerical calculation, the temperature distribution, temperature change, and ignition time are acquired. The numerical results show that the ignition time is 76 s after the warhead started to burn and that the maximum temperature of the explosive's outer surface is 238.3 C at the ignition time. The fast cook-off experiment of the warhead is implemented so as to get the flame temperature and reaction grades that are not available through numerical calculation. The experimental results show that the overpressure fails to reach the preset minimum value which is equivalent to 6 kg of TNT and that the reaction grade is deflagration. The research results have reference value for the design of the warhead and the reduction of detonation risks.     

国防和军队建设贯彻科学发展观的切入点

在国防和军队建设中贯彻科学发展观,应该认真领会科学发展观的精神实质,从以人为本、讲求效益、开拓创新三个切入点入手,使科学发展观与国防和军队建设有机地融合起来,与国防和军队建设的方方面面的工作紧密结合起来。     

中等收入人口定位的收入比区间法

为准确定位中等收入人口,在分析洛伦兹曲线和贫富分界点的基础上,以人口收入占总收入比例来描述中等收入人口。提出了中等收入人口定位的收入比区间法,先利用非线性最小二乘拟合洛伦兹曲线,计算出贫富分界点,然后确定经过两极分化指数修正的中等收入比区间,进而计算中等收入水平及人口,给出了算法步骤。A,B两地区的定位结果表明,用收入比描述中等收入人口符合经济学规律,收入比区间法能有效定位和度量中等收入人口。全国城镇居民中等收入定位结果表明,中等收入人口的比例在下降,收入水平在增加,收入分配的公平性得到了改善。     

CON/SLK due date assignment and scheduling on a single machine with two agents

We consider scheduling problems involving two agents (agents A and B), each having a set of jobs that compete for the use of a common machine to process their respective jobs. The due dates of the A‐jobs are decision variables, which are determined by using the common (CON) or slack (SLK) due date assignment methods. Each agent wants to minimize a certain performance criterion depending on the completion times of its jobs only. Under each due date assignment method, the criterion of agent A is always the same, namely an integrated criterion consisting of the due date assignment cost and the weighted number of tardy jobs. Several different criteria are considered for agent B, including the maxima of regular functions (associated with each job), the total (weighted) completion time, and the weighted number of tardy jobs. The overall objective is to minimize the performance criterion of agent A, while keeping the objective value of agent B no greater than a given limit. We analyze the computational complexity, and devise polynomial or pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming algorithms for the considered problems. We also convert, if viable, any of the devised pseudopolynomial dynamic programming algorithms into a fully polynomial‐time approximation scheme. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 416–429, 2016     

舰船液压变距桨控制系统的改进设计

介绍了一种新型的变距桨控制系统。通过采用不同的控制方法,提高了螺距角的控制精度、稳定性和跟踪响应的快速性,使原系统的可靠性大大提高。     

关于分布式开发环境

从分布式Ｃ￣３Ｉ系统体制的需求出发,分析分布式开发环境的技术背景与发展。通过讨论分布式开发环境的优缺点,从硬件平台、基础软件和开发支持软件三个层次分析建立分布式开发环境的基础技术。进而从结构模型、处理模型和开发模型三方面,着眼于软件技术,提出一种分布式开发环境的通用构造模型,最后讨论了该模型对未来研究工作的意义。     

船舶柴油机轴系有阻尼强迫扭振计算的扩展霍尔茨法

从力学原理的角度阐述了扩展霍尔茨法的理论基础,从而论证了其合理性．依据有关文献资料进一步完善了扩展霍尔茨法,使之适合于船舶工程界对强迫扭振计算不断提高的要求．提出了适于数值计算和易于编程的计算方法,并编制了相应的计算程序．实例计算及比较分析表明,该方法是适用的,可以用于船舶轴系的设计及强迫扭转振动计算．