Does military spending promote social welfare? A comparative analysis of the BRICS and G7 countries

Whether military spending is capable of promoting social welfare is currently a controversial issue. The aim of this paper is to investigate how military spending affects the input and output of social welfare (i.e. social welfare expenditures and social welfare index). A panel cointegration analysis and an impulse response function are conducted with multi-country panel data, over two time periods, 1998–2011 and 1993–2007. In addition, to extend a comparative analysis over different economies, BRICS (i.e. Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) and G7 (i.e. the US, Japan, Germany, the UK, France, Italy, Canada) countries are selected as representatives of emerging economies and developed countries, respectively. The empirical results show that military spending enhances social welfare expenditures in developed countries, while the effect is ambiguous in emerging economies. Also, military spending is capable of promoting the social welfare index based on the FMOLS estimation. The comparative analyses indicate that unlike in the G7, the effect of the growth of military spending on the growth of social welfare expenditures is negative and shorter in the BRICS.     

空天环境对作战效能的影响——基于云模型的评估方法

空天环境作为传统战场空间的拓展,是打赢信息化战争、维护国家安全的重要战略高点。为更好了解空天环境对作战效能的影响,运用云模型的评估方法,从自然环境、作战平台、武器装备等方面对空天环境进行研究,以期对空天作战发展方向提供参考。研究表明,应根据空天作战时自然环境对作战的影响权重,增强空天作战平台与新概念武器自主适应环境的能力。     

谐波平衡法数值模拟周期性非定常流动

谐波平衡法是目前非定常流动数值研究中颇受关注的频域计算方法,该方法计算效率高,特别是对于周期性非定常流动问题具有明显的计算优势。采用谐波平衡法数值模拟高超声速导弹标模模型在不同参数下的强迫俯仰振动,重建气动力/力矩系数迟滞曲线,将计算结果与时域方法相比较,详细考察谐波平衡法的计算精度、效率和内存需求,分析不同参数对谐波平衡法计算的影响。计算结果表明,谐波平衡法适用于中小振幅下的非定常流动计算,且计算时间基本不受减缩频率的影响,对于长周期低频问题,较时域方法有明显计算优势。     

基于MDA的C~4ISR系统分析设计方法

先进的分析设计方法是提高C4ISR系统开发质量的有效手段。基于软件领域的MDA思想,提出了基于MDA的C4ISR系统分析设计方法,研究了其开发过程和关键技术。该方法实现以模型为基础的系统开发与优化,通过不同阶段模型的转化演进来推进系统的分析设计,有利于提高系统的设计质量,并支持模型重用。     

天福燎原——天福山起义部队的发展沿革

"天福山,我们从这里走来!"这是今天中国人民解放军66267、73111、75100等部队官兵引以为豪、发自肺腑的铿锵之音.这些部队亲切地把胶东称为自己的"老家",把天福山称作部队的"根".     

辐射叶加载的短波宽带鞭状天线优化设计

提出一款具有多层辐射叶结构的新型鞭状天线,在10 m鞭状天线体上设置不同的辐射叶层数、半径、长度、分支数、仰角及其分布情况,研究其对天线辐射性能的影响,综合考虑选择一套最合适的辐射叶结构,并为天线进行双加载和宽带匹配网络的算法优化。仿真结果表明,与现有的普通宽带鞭状天线相比,增益和效率得到了普遍提高,在低频段增益最高提高了3 dB,效率最高提高了5%;在高频段增益最高提高了5 dB,效率最高提高了35%,方向图上翘也得到了一定的抑制,为改善现有的宽带鞭状天线提供一种新的结构设计方法。     

Approximation schemes for single‐machine scheduling with a fixed maintenance activity to minimize the total amount of late work

We consider the problem of scheduling n independent and simultaneously available jobs without preemption on a single machine, where the machine has a fixed maintenance activity. The objective is to find the optimal job sequence to minimize the total amount of late work, where the late work of a job is the amount of processing of the job that is performed after its due date. We first discuss the approximability of the problem. We then develop two pseudo‐polynomial dynamic programming algorithms and a fully polynomial‐time approximation scheme for the problem. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical studies to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 172–183, 2016     

Level workforce planning for multistage transfer lines

In this article, we define two different workforce leveling objectives for serial transfer lines. Each job is to be processed on each transfer station for c time periods (e.g., hours). We assume that the number of workers needed to complete each operation of a job in precisely c periods is given. Jobs transfer forward synchronously after every production cycle (i.e., c periods). We study two leveling objectives: maximin workforce size () and min range (R). Leveling objectives produce schedules where the cumulative number of workers needed in all stations of a transfer line does not experience dramatic changes from one production cycle to the next. For and a two‐station system, we develop a fast polynomial algorithm. The range problem is known to be NP‐complete. For the two‐station system, we develop a very fast optimal algorithm that uses a tight lower bound and an efficient procedure for finding complementary Hamiltonian cycles in bipartite graphs. Via a computational experiment, we demonstrate that range schedules are superior because not only do they limit the workforce fluctuations from one production cycle to the next, but they also do so with a minor increase in the total workforce size. We extend our results to the m‐station system and develop heuristic algorithms. We find that these heuristics work poorly for min range (R), which indicates that special structural properties of the m‐station problem need to be identified before we can develop efficient algorithms. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 577–590, 2016     

3mm波段混凝土屏蔽材料的研究

在混凝土中添加标准砂,钢纤维,铁晶矿砂,炭纤维毡,氧化锌晶须,铁氧体,乙炔碳黑,羰基铁粉等材料,制成了具有微波吸收性能的混凝土屏蔽材料,以期能探索一条大型建筑及军事掩体的电磁防护的新途径。在3mm波段范围内对混凝土屏蔽材料进行了初步的实验研究,研究了不同材料、不同掺量下电磁波的吸收衰减特性,并分析了它们之间的关系,为进一步的研究指明了方向。     

INS 故障模型和推理方法的研究与设计

讨论了某型惯导 ( INS)设备的结构、工作流程和故障特点 ,分析了基于知识的专家系统 ( ES)常用的诊断模型和推理方法 ,在此基础上 ,设计了具体的基于对象的惯导综合层次模型及其推理机 .该模型和推理机已实际应用于该型 INS的故障诊断专家系统的设计