Comparing the Anglo-American and Israeli-American Special Relationships in the Obama Era: An Alliance Persistence Perspective

The Anglo-American and Israeli-American special relationships have proved to be unusually close and have confounded expectations that they would wither away with the changing international environment. In order to explain this, the article proposes a theory of ‘alliance persistence’ that is based on reciprocity over shared geostrategic interests, sentimental attachments and institutionalised security relations. The article employs this theoretical framework to explore how Anglo-American and Israeli-American relations have developed during the Obama administration. It argues that the Anglo-American relationship has been closer because of the two countries’ shared strategic interests, whilst the Israeli-American relationship has experienced divergences in how the security interests of the two sides have been pursued. The article concludes by assessing how the two relationships will fair in the post-Obama era and argues that there are numerous areas of tension in the US-Israeli relationship that risk future tensions.     

Balancing a one‐way corridor capacity and safety‐oriented reliability: A stochastic optimization approach for metro train timetabling

In urban rail transit systems of large cities, the headway and following distance of successive trains have been compressed as much as possible to enhance the corridor capacity to satisfy extremely high passenger demand during peak hours. To prevent train collisions and ensure the safety of trains, a safe following distance of trains must be maintained. However, this requirement is subject to a series of complex factors, such as the uncertain train braking performance, train communication delay, and driver reaction time. In this paper, we propose a unified mathematical framework to analyze the safety‐oriented reliability of metro train timetables with different corridor capacities, that is, the train traffic density, and determine the most reliable train timetable for metro lines in an uncertain environment. By employing a space‐time network representation in the formulations, the reliability‐based train timetabling problem is formulated as a nonlinear stochastic programming model, in which we use 0‐1 variables to denote the time‐dependent velocity and position of all involved trains. Several reformulation techniques are developed to obtain an equivalent mixed integer programming model with quadratic constraints (MIQCP) that can be solved to optimality by some commercial solvers. To improve the computational efficiency of the MIQCP model, we develop a dual decomposition solution framework that decomposes the primal problem into several sets of subproblems by dualizing the coupling constraints across different samples. An exact dynamic programming combined with search space reduction strategies is also developed to solve the exact optimal solutions of these subproblems. Two sets of numerical experiments, which involve a relatively small‐scale case and a real‐world instance based on the operation data of the Beijing subway Changping Line are implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

辐射叶加载的短波宽带鞭状天线优化设计

提出一款具有多层辐射叶结构的新型鞭状天线,在10 m鞭状天线体上设置不同的辐射叶层数、半径、长度、分支数、仰角及其分布情况,研究其对天线辐射性能的影响,综合考虑选择一套最合适的辐射叶结构,并为天线进行双加载和宽带匹配网络的算法优化。仿真结果表明,与现有的普通宽带鞭状天线相比,增益和效率得到了普遍提高,在低频段增益最高提高了3 dB,效率最高提高了5%;在高频段增益最高提高了5 dB,效率最高提高了35%,方向图上翘也得到了一定的抑制,为改善现有的宽带鞭状天线提供一种新的结构设计方法。     

基于MDA的C~4ISR系统分析设计方法

先进的分析设计方法是提高C4ISR系统开发质量的有效手段。基于软件领域的MDA思想,提出了基于MDA的C4ISR系统分析设计方法,研究了其开发过程和关键技术。该方法实现以模型为基础的系统开发与优化,通过不同阶段模型的转化演进来推进系统的分析设计,有利于提高系统的设计质量,并支持模型重用。     

共产国际与中共应对皖南事变军事方针的调整

自抗日战争进入战略相持阶段到皖南事变发生后的1个月间,中共中央面对国民党顽固派制造的一系列反共摩擦,对各种复杂因素进行综合判断,采取了适当的应对措施,维护了抗日民族统一战线的完整,军事措施是其中一个重要方面。在这一方面,中共中央从对国民党顽固派采取攻势防御战略到皖南事变前夕采取的拖延方针,再到皖南事变之后军事守势方针的确立,都受到共产国际观点的影响。     

浅谈装备技术状态控制与监督

装备技术状态控制是技术状态管理的重点与核心,贯穿于技术状态项目研制、生产全过程,也是军事代表开展技术状态管理监督的重点。本文主要对技术状态控制和监督的内容进行了介绍,并着重介绍了在控制和监督过程中应注意的几个问题。     

加强软件密集型装备综合保障能力的思考

随着软件密集型装备的大量使用,软件密集型装备的地位越来越突出。本文阐述了加强软件密集型装备综合保障能力建设的重要性,对国内外软件密集型装备综合保障的研究情况进行了比较分析,并提出推进我军软件密集型装备综合保障能力建设应该把握的问题。     

关于建立军民结合指数的探讨

本文在比较各种建立指数方法的基础上,对建立我国军民结合发展指数的方法进行研究,并进一步思考了建立指数的具体方案。     

天福燎原——天福山起义部队的发展沿革

"天福山,我们从这里走来!"这是今天中国人民解放军66267、73111、75100等部队官兵引以为豪、发自肺腑的铿锵之音.这些部队亲切地把胶东称为自己的"老家",把天福山称作部队的"根".