高海拔下柴油机燃用含氧燃料的试验研究

为解决高海拔地区因缺氧和燃料燃烧不完全造成的发动机动力下降和燃油消耗率增加的问题,将生物柴油以不同体积分数(5%,10%)掺混到柴油中进行发动机台架试验。通过控制发动机进气压力模拟高海拔条件下含氧燃料的燃烧,考察平原和海拔3 000 m地区不同掺混比例的含氧燃料对发动机性能的影响。结果表明:在平原燃用含氧燃料,发动机功率较燃用纯柴油有所降低,且降幅随生物柴油添加量的增加而增大,同时燃油消耗率上升;在海拔3 000 m地区燃用含氧燃料,发动机功率较燃用纯柴油有所增加,且燃油消耗率下降;不管是在平原还是在海拔3 000 m地区,燃用含氧燃料均能够显著降低HC、CO和碳烟排放,但NOx排放有所增加。     

Information disclosure with endogenous channel structure

This article investigates the firms' optimal quality information disclosure strategies in a supply chain, wherein the supplier may encroach into the retail channel to sell products directly to end consumers. We consider two disclosure formats, namely, retailer disclosure (R-C) and supplier disclosure (S-C), and examine the optimal disclosure format from each firm's perspective. We show that either firm prefers to delegate the disclosure option to its partner when the supplier cannot encroach. However, the threat of supplier encroachment dramatically alters the firm's preference of disclosure. The supplier may prefer the S-C format to the R-C format when the entry cost is low and the disclosure cost is high to achieve a higher quality information transparency. Meanwhile, the retailer may prefer the R-C format to the S-C format when the entry cost is intermediate to deter the possible encroachment of the supplier. In this sense, the firms' preferences of disclosure format can be aligned due to the threat of supplier encroachment. The consumer surplus is always higher under the S-C format while either disclosure format can lead to a higher social welfare. We also consider an alternative scenario under which the supplier encroaches after the product quality information is disclosed. An interesting observation appears that the supplier may encroach when the product quality is low but foregoes encroachment when the product quality gets higher.     

声纳浮标搜潜优化布放技术研究

在航空搜潜中为了提高搜索概率,需要优化声纳浮标群的布放位置。首先建立目标运动模型和累积搜索概率的计算方法,然后采用多点随机搜索、分区&分支界定和遗传算法对规则阵形和不规则阵形的声纳浮标群的布放位置进行优化,相应地建构了三种声纳浮标搜潜优化布放方法。仿真结果表明：在简单环境下搜潜,用前两种方法优化规则浮标阵的阵形参数,其搜索概率高而且运算时间短;在复杂环境下搜潜,利用遗传算法优化不规则浮标阵的布放位置,具有最高的搜索概率但运算时间较长。     

雷达不同工作模式下跟踪任务的信息需求分析

雷达采用不同工作模式跟踪目标是有差异的。给出了跟踪任务信息需求的分析方法,并在计算由传感器量测带来信息增量的基础上,重点对边跟踪边扫描和跟踪加扫描两种模式对跟踪效果的影响进行了研究。实验结果分析了这两种工作模式下雷达量测间隔与跟踪任务信息需求之间的关系。从结论可分析出,与间隙量测方式相比,持续量测可以带来较为理想的跟踪效果,且信息需求能在较短的时间内予以满足。     

立足我军思想政治教育历史实践的理论思考

我军思想政治教育伴随着人民军队的创立而生根开花,并不断与新的历史条件相结合,相适应,焕发出源源不断的强大的战斗力,在我军创造以劣胜优、以弱胜强的历史奇迹的进程中,建立了丰功伟绩。研究探讨我军思想政治教育的历史经验与启示,对于新形势下思想政治教育创新发展具有一定的启发意义和借鉴作用。     

论近代中美军事战略关系的形成

本文从中美经济政治关系的产生、发展及蜕变与两国军事关系的萌芽,美国门户开放政策的军事含义及其对中美军事关系的深远影响,日本在远东及太平洋的侵略扩张与中美军事战略关系正式形成等三个方面,对中美军事战略关系在特定阶段的表现形式及特点进行了分析探讨。     

铁酸镍和铁酸锰的制备及磁性对比

用化学共沉淀法在90℃的反应温度制备了NiFe2O4和MnFe2O4铁酸盐多晶微粉,发现经沉淀洗涤后直接得到MnFe2O4纳米微粉,不需热处理过程;而要获得NiFe2O4需要对沉淀洗涤后的前驱体进行热处理。利用振动样品磁强计测量了样品在室温下的磁性能,对两种磁粉的磁性进行了对比。     

The bottleneck problem with minimum quantity commitments

Given an edge‐distance graph of a set of suppliers and clients, the bottleneck problem is to assign each client to a selected supplier minimizing their maximum distance. We introduce minimum quantity commitments to balance workloads of suppliers, provide the best possible approximation algorithm, and study its generalizations and specializations. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

变论域模糊自适应滑模有限时间收敛制导律

针对拦截高速机动目标的需求,研究了一种变论域模糊自适应滑模有限时间收敛制导律。推导了导弹-目标空间拦截模型,设计了三维滑模制导律;根据有限时间收敛制导律专家的经验,采用模糊自适应控制方法对滑模制导律的非切换项进行逼近,并设计了有限时间收敛模糊控制规则;提出了一种新型变论域伸缩因子,设计了基于新型伸缩因子的变论域模糊自适应滑模有限时间收敛制导律。仿真结果表明,所设计的制导律能够使导弹准确命中目标,并能够达到视线角速率有限时间收敛,且与比例制导律相比,具有更高的制导精度和更短的飞行时间。     

Fracture mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut by circumferential detonation collision

The failure mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut into fragments by circumferential detonation collision was experimentally and numerically investigated. A self-designed detonation wave regulator was used to control the detonation and cut the shell. It was found that the self-designed regulator controlled the fragment shape. The macrostructure and micro-characteristics of fragments revealed that shear fracture was a prior mechanism, the shell fractured not only at the position of detonation collision, but the crack also penetrated the shell at the first contact position of the Chapmen-Jouguet (C-J) wave. The effects of groove number and outer layer thickness on the fracture behavior were tested by simulations. When the thickness of the outer layer was 5–18 mm, it has little effect on fragmentation of the shell, and shells all fractured at similar positions. The increase of the groove number reduced the fracture possibility of the first contact position of the C-J wave. When the groove number reached 7 with a 10 mm outer layer (1/4 model), the fracture only occurred at the position of detonation collision and the fragment width rebounded.