今天和明天的潜艇作战系统

今天典型的作战系统综合了潜艇上所有的传感器系统和武器系统。主要传感器设备通常由许多声呐系统构成,包括中频被动声呐、低频被动声纳和被动测距声呐。除声呐系统外,综合到作战系统的还有两个潜望镜、ESM接收机、各种电罗经和计程仪以及无线电导航辅助的导航系统和导航雷达。 目前潜艇上的主要武器是线导鱼雷,某些艇上还载有导弹。作战系统的典型功能包括传感器综合、决策/咨询支持以及武器使用。     

基于模糊综合评判的装备战场损伤等级评定方法

针对装备战场损伤评估问题,应用模糊综合评判的基本原理,建立了装备战场损伤等级评定模型,提出了基于二级模糊综合评判的装备战场损伤等级评定方法。该方法考虑了有关战场损伤的各种因素、因素权重和因素等级权重,结合合理的评价指标处理方法,使计算结果能够全面准确地反映装备战场损伤严重程度,为有效制定装备战场损伤处理方案提供基本依据。     

用具有输入估计的可变维滤波器跟踪

本文提出一种跟踪机动目标的改进方法。通过组合输入估计方法和可变维滤波方法的递归公式,构成所提出的跟踪滤波器。在所提出的方法中,当探测到目标机动时,滤波器还提供目标开始机动瞬时的估计。用这种估计的机动开始时间,也估计机动输入并且跟踪系统变成了机动模型。所提出过程的计算负载与输入估计方法的计算负载不相上下。为了说明所提出跟踪滤波器的效果,进行了仿真,把输入估计滤波器和可变维滤波器与交互式多模型(IMM)滤波器进行了比较。     

关于俄国“死光”的一场风波

关于苏联在尺寸符合武器要求的带电粒子束上取得进展的消息看来在情报上是正确的,在物理学上是合理的,但在战略考虑上却是不高明的。     

Burning rate analysis of laser controlled 5-aminotetrazole propellant

As an innovative propulsion technique, laser augmented chemical propulsion(LACP) seems superior to the traditional ones. However, the corresponding combustion theories have still to be ascertained for LACP. Burning rate of 5-aminotetrazole(5-ATZ) propellant has been studied by testing pressed samples under different combustor pressures and laser powers. Based on micro computed tomography(Micro CT),an advanced thickness-over-time(TOT) method to characterize the regression of the produced nonplana...     

使用低分辨率雷达和神经网络进行舰船目标识别

本文研究使用低分辩率下靶区雷达包络线、预处理和神经网络工具进行舰船目标分类的方法。文中使用改进的傅里叶离散梅林变换来提取对雷达姿态角变化不太敏感的某些特征。使用Kohonen的学习矢量量化(LVQ)自组织映射对这些特征矢量进行分类。文中也研究了使用反向传播算法进行训练的前馈网络在目标分类中的应用,并将这一分类系统用于模拟和真实两种数据。对于目标姿态角误差不超过30度的真实数据,分类的正确率高达90％。     

寻求新生的墨西哥海军

墨西哥位于北美洲南部,濒临太平洋和墨西哥湾,领土面积约190万平方公里,海岸线长达9300公里。墨西哥本应成为该地区重要的军事强国,但是它依赖美国抵御外来侵略,自己的武装部队仅充当维护内部安全的角色。无论从人员上还是从可用舰船数量上来讲,墨西哥海军一直与此不相称。墨西哥海军实质上只是一支海岸警备队,军事潜力非常有限。舰队虽然也拥有少数新式舰艇,但多数舰艇均是在20世纪40年代末期甚至更早服役的。整个舰队就像是20世纪海军技术博物馆。     

控制与监视系统的进展

微处理机的出现,使控制工程发生了深刻的革命。直到最近,控制理论才走到了实践的前面。在多变量控制数学和最优滤波不断发展的时候,现实生活中的控制系统却受到电子设备能力的限制。现在常用的“遥控”这个词的含意只不过是远距离开关设备的能力,没有什么更复杂的意思。工业上的过程控制已对小型计算机进行了一段时间的试用。但是在军舰环境中重量和空间的限制,大大地妨碍了小型机的应用。现在有可能用的高速数字系统,在小的体积中具有相当强的处理能力。这些系统以它们的能力和灵活性为控制工程师们创造了极好的机会。看     

Evaluation of effectiveness of polymer coatings in reducing blast-induced deformation of steel plates

Incorporating elastomers such as polymers in protective structures to withstand high energetic dynamic loads, has gained significant interest. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of a Polyurea coating towards the blast-induced response in steel plates. As such, Polyurea coated steel plates were tested under near-field blast loads, produced by the detonation of 1 kg of spherical nitromethane charges, at a standoff distance of 150 mm. Mild steel (XLERPLATE 350) and high-strength steel (BIS80) plates with thicknesses of 10 mm were Polyurea coated with thicknesses of 6 mm and 12 mm on either the front (facing the charge) or the back face. The deformation profiles were measured using 3D scanning. Numerical simulations were performed using the non-linear finite element code LS-DYNA. The strain-dependent behaviour of the steel and Polyurea were represented by Johnson-cook and Money-Rivlin constitutive models, respectively. The numerical models were validated by comparing the plate deflection results obtained from the experiments and were then used in the subsequent parametric study to investigate the optimum thickness of the Polyurea coating. The results indicate that back face coating contributes towards an approximately 20% reduction in the residual deformation as well as the absence of melting of the Polyurea layer, while the front-face coating can be used a means of providing additional standoff distance to the steel plates.     

Impact of atmospheric turbulence on coherent beam combining for laser weapon systems

The performance of a laser weapon system based on coherent beam combining (CBC) depends on its propagation properties in the atmosphere. In this study, an analytical model based on partial coherent beam combining (PCBC) for assumed coherence coefficients between beams in a CBC lattice was developed. The Kolmogorov model of atmospheric turbulence and the Hufnagel-Valley model of Cn2 dependence on atmospheric parameters were implemented. Novel simplified metrics were proposed to assess the CBC performance. Several beam profiles (super-Gaussian, truncated Gaussian, etc.) and ge-ometries were analyzed in terms of maximal intensity in the far field. An approximate formula for PCBC efficiency dependent on the Fried radius was proposed. The results of CBC modeling were compared to those of the Gaussian beam propagation model in a turbulent atmosphere. The dependence of CBC performance on the Cn2 parameter, range, and elevation angle was analyzed. It could be concluded that the application of CBC for medium and long range propagation is impractical without an effective adaptive optics system.