基于滑模自适应鲁棒控制的四旋翼飞行器轨迹跟踪

针对四旋翼飞行器的稳定性在实际应用环境中会受到不同程度的破坏,不易对其进行高精度轨迹跟踪,提出一种滑模自适应鲁棒控制算法.系统整体采用内外环控制思想,将位置部分作为外环子系统,将姿态部分作为内环子系统,对两部分分别进行控制器的设计;通过运用李雅普诺夫稳定性分析判断控制算法是否能够使系统最终达到渐进稳定;最后进行仿真和实验研究,通过仿真和实验结果证明了此算法的有效性和优越性.     

中国近海海空联合作战环境风险综合区划方法

针对中国近海海空联合作战环境风险区划问题,选取水面舰艇航行、舰载机飞行、海上人员训练等作战样式,大风、大浪、低云低能见度、湿热、风寒等环境要素,高值频率、概率极值、平均强度、气候趋势等指标,利用层次分析法和互反判断矩阵建立四层评价体系并进行区划.该方法可根据装备设计及环境适应标准对各指标进行影响排序,能有效区分不同季节和动力机制的环境要素差异、综合考虑不同类型风险影响.区划结果证明,海空联合作战环境风险由各兵种作战风险综合决定,主要受秋冬季盛行大风、夏秋季热带气旋、春夏季低能见度、冬春夏季低云、夏季湿热指数、冬季风寒指数等影响.     

Fullerene bisadduct stabilizers: The effect of different addition positions on inhibiting the autocatalytic decomposition of nitrocellulose absorbed nitroglycerin

To explore the effect of different positions and number of pyrrolidine bound to the carbon cage on the stabilization effect of fulleropyrrolidine derivatives to nitrocellulose (NC)/nitroglycerine (NG), we synthesized N-(4-methoxy) phenylpyrrolidine-C₆₀ and four different of bis(N-(4-methoxy) phenylpyrrolidine)-C₆₀ compounds through Prato reaction. Their structures were characterized by UV–vis, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, high-resolution mass spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Their stabilization effect to NC/NG were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, methyl violet, vacuum stabilization effect, weight loss, and accelerating rate calorimeter tests. The results indicated these compounds had excellent stabilization effect to NC/NG. The stabilization effect of the fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts to NC/NG is significantly better than that of fulleropyrrolidine monoadduct and C₆₀. Moreover, the position where pyrrolidine binds to fullerene in fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts is different, and its stabilization effect to NC is also different. The stabilization effect order of different bisadduct isomers to nitrocellulose is as follows: e-edge > trans-2> cis-2> trans-3. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and FT-IR were used to study the stabilization mechanism of fulleropyrrolidine derivatives to NC/NG. The EPR results also show that fulleropyrrolidine bisadducts with different addition sites have different abilities to absorb nitroxide, and their ability is better than that of the monoadduct and C₆₀, which is consistent with the results of stabilization effect performance test.     

舰艇编队对空防御火力分配评价模型

未来高技术条件下水面舰艇编队防空作战能力是其生存能力的关键因素.对舰艇编队防空来讲,进行硬抗击的武器主要是舰空导弹和舰炮两种,如何合理地利用这些武器,最大地发挥舰艇编队的防空作战能力,成为舰艇对空防御作战研究的一个重要课题.结合舰艇编队对空防御的实际情况,利用模糊数学的方法,建立了舰艇编队对空防御火力分配方案的模糊综合评价模型.     

MILITARY EXPENDITURE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: EVIDENCE FROM SYSTEM GMM ESTIMATES

The effect of military expenditure on economic growth in developing countries has been investigated by many empirical literatures. However, there is little consensus of that effect and the diversity seems to come from the use of different models and different estimators. This article applies the Augmented Solow Growth Model to examine the influence of military expenditure on economic growth for 35 developing countries over the period of 1975–2009. By using the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimators, empirical results indicate that defence has a negative and significant effect on economic growth in the sample countries.     

仿生偏振光导航传感器量测模型研究

仿生偏振导航传感器仿照昆虫利用天空偏振光进行导航的原理,测量载体的姿态和方位,具有精度高、功耗低等优势,是一种新型的导航传感器．根据偏振导航的原理分析偏振导航传感器的测量参考矢量和导航能力,根据其参考矢量的数量及性质,对偏振导航传感器使用在不同性质载体上的测量进行建模,并提出其对载体进行定姿的条件．     

无目标初始信息情况下舰载直升机搜索优化

根据水面舰艇编队反舰作战中舰载直升机所担负的搜索任务,基于无目标初始信息情况下的搜索问题,选取搜索面积、搜索时间和搜索距离3个指标,建立了搜索优化模型.通过仿真计算,得出了无目标初始信息情况下舰载直升机反舰作战中具体的搜索方法.其结论对于最大限度发挥现有装备的作战效能有一定的现实指导意义.     

基于区间数理论的空战目标威胁评估

针对空战目标威胁评估问题,提出了一种新的基于区间数理论的评估方法。在分析了现有的目标威胁评估方法中距离威胁模型存在不足的基础上,提出了改进的距离威胁模型。给出了区间数特征向量法求解威胁指标权重的计算步骤,建立了基于区间数理论的空战目标威胁评估的数学模型。最后给出了仿真算例,仿真结果表明该方法是合理和有效的。     

兵团团场中小学教师队伍现状调查与分析

兵团团场教师队伍结构性矛盾突出、教师编制紧张、城乡（团）收入差距较大、教师流失较严重。要通过优化教师结构、创新教师补充机制、提高教师待遇、提升教师素质,稳定团场教师队伍,促进兵团义务教育均衡发展。