舰船空调系统改进性方案设计

本文针对航行在热带海区的某型舰船用空调系统存在的降温效果差、舱室风机盘管噪音大、操作管理不便等问题进行了研究,并提出了改进设计方案;经实船安装和调试,明显改善了空调舱室的舒适性,提高了设备工作的可靠性和自动化管理程度,收到了良好的效果。     

改善潜艇空调品质和延长水下续航力的研究

分析了潜艇空调品质的特点和现状,经过理论和实际的分析,提出了改善空调品质和延长水下续航力的措施,并在实艇上进行了试验,取得了显著的成绩。     

MF-CFI: A fused evaluation index for camouflage patterns based on human visual perception

The evaluation index of camouflage patterns is important in the field of military application. It is the goal that researchers have always pursued to make the computable evaluation indicators more in line with the human visual mechanism. In order to make the evaluation method more computationally intelligent, a Multi-Feature Camouflage Fused Index (MF-CFI) is proposed based on the comparison of grayscale, color and texture features between the target and the background. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed index, eye movement experiments are conducted to compare the proposed index with existing indexes including Universal Image Quality Index (UIQI), Camouflage Similarity Index (CSI) and Structural Similarity (SSIM). Twenty-four different simulated targets are designed in a grassland background, 28 observers participate in the experiment and record the eye movement data during the observation process. The results show that the highest Pearson correlation coefficient is observed between MF-CFI and the eye movement data, both in the designed digital camouflage patterns and large-spot camouflage patterns. Since MF-CFI is more in line with the detection law of camouflage targets in human visual perception, the proposed index can be used for the comparison and parameter optimization of camouflage design algorithms.     

Visual SLAM in dynamic environments based on object detection

A great number of visual simultaneous localization and mapping (VSLAM) systems need to assume static features in the environment. However, moving objects can vastly impair the performance of a VSLAM system which relies on the static-world assumption. To cope with this challenging topic, a real-time and robust VSLAM system based on ORB-SLAM2 for dynamic environments was proposed. To reduce the influence of dynamic content, we incorporate the deep-learning-based object detection method in the visual odometry, then the dynamic object probability model is added to raise the efficiency of object detection deep neural network and enhance the real-time performance of our system. Experiment with both on the TUM and KITTI benchmark dataset, as well as in a real-world environment, the results clarify that our method can significantly reduce the tracking error or drift, enhance the robustness, accuracy and stability of the VSLAM system in dynamic scenes.     

Numerical simulation study on penetration performance of depleted Uranium (DU) alloy fragments

Due to its high strength, high density, high hardness and good penetration capabilities, Depleted ura-nium alloys have already shined in armor-piercing projectiles. There should also be a lot of room for improvement in the application of fragment killing elements. Therefore, regarding the performance of the depleted uranium alloy to penetrate the target plate, further investigation is needed to analyze its advantages and disadvantages compared to tungsten alloy. To study the difference in penetration per-formance between depleted uranium alloy and tungsten alloy fragments,firstly, a theoretical analysis of the adiabatic shear sensitivity of DU and tungsten alloys was given from the perspective of material constitutive model. Then, taking the cylindrical fragment penetration target as the research object, the penetration process and velocity characteristics of the steel target plates penetrated by DU alloy frag-ment and tungsten alloy fragment were compared and analyzed, by using finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA and Lagrange algorithm. Lastly, the influence of different postures when impacting target and different fragment shapes on the penetration results is carried out in the research. The results show that in the penetration process of the DU and tungsten alloy fragments, the self-sharpening properties of the DU alloy can make the fragment head sharper and the penetrating ability enhance. Under the same conditions, the penetration capability of cylindrical fragment impacting target in vertical posture is better than that in horizontal posture, and the penetration capability of the spherical fragment is slightly better than that of cylindrical fragment.     

自适应二阶滑模的有限时间收敛角度约束制导律

针对终端角度约束制导问题,提出了一种新型基于自适应二阶滑模的有限时间收敛角度约束制导律.构建非奇异有限时间收敛滑模面,保证了滑模面上角度及角速率误差有限时间快速收敛.采用参数自适应二阶滑模算法构建角度约束制导律,所设计的制导律不仅可抑制目标机动加速度等未知干扰,而且可确保滑模面的有限时间可达.相比采用传统二阶滑模或者含有切换项的滑模制导律,所提出的制导律参数可自适应变化,从而无需提前已知目标加速度等不确定项的上界信息.在各种目标机动情况下仿真,结果表明所设计的制导律具有强自适应以及快速收敛的制导性能.     

重力势能锁止型外骨骼设计及其效能评价

现存的被动式外骨骼存在助力效果不明显等缺陷。基于人体步态特征,提出了将人体行走过程中的重力势能转化为人体抬腿过程中动能的原理,通过弹簧、曲柄滑块机构、棘轮棘爪机构以及链传动机构的组合,设计了一款被动式下肢机械外骨骼,并通过外骨骼动力学分析和生理消耗指数实验测试的方法进行了外骨骼性能评价。动力学分析结果表明,穿戴外骨骼后髋关节峰力矩总量降低了23.43%,髋关节做功总量降低了30.59%,初步验证了外骨骼的有效性。生理消耗指数实验测试结果表明, 穿戴外骨骼对于短距离动作转换未产生显著效果,但在长距离行走和上坡行走中分别降低了8.1%和10.4%的能量消耗。因此,该下肢外骨骼助力性能得到了验证,为相关领域的研究提供了实例化参考。     

多机环境下系统程序并行化的实现方法

本文给出了多处理机环境对系统程序的要求,阐述了系统程序并行化研制过程中遇到的问题和解决办法,给出了实现临界段互斥的三种处理方法及其性能评价。     

柔性制造单元状态监控与故障诊断的综合决策模型与策略

为解决快速实时的在线状态监控与决策这一与系统功能相适应的问题,针对ＦＭＳ加工设备与过程的特点和对之进行监控与诊断的需要,提出一通用的全局监测与决策模型,包括传感策略、特征提取、状态表述与分类、故障全局综合决策等模块和具体的监测流程。     

“北斗”卫星导航系统的概述与应用

"北斗"卫星导航系统是我国自主研发、独立运行的卫星导航系统,对于国防和经济建设有着非常重要的作用,自2012年12月27日正式提供导航服务以来,在国防和经济建设中发挥着重要的作用。本文就"北斗"的组成、功能、特点、应用及发展前景进行简述,旨在让读者了解"北斗"卫星导航系统基本知识。