Fracture mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut by circumferential detonation collision

The failure mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut into fragments by circumferential detonation collision was experimentally and numerically investigated. A self-designed detonation wave regulator was used to control the detonation and cut the shell. It was found that the self-designed regulator controlled the fragment shape. The macrostructure and micro-characteristics of fragments revealed that shear fracture was a prior mechanism, the shell fractured not only at the position of detonation collision, but the crack also penetrated the shell at the first contact position of the Chapmen-Jouguet (C-J) wave. The effects of groove number and outer layer thickness on the fracture behavior were tested by simulations. When the thickness of the outer layer was 5–18 mm, it has little effect on fragmentation of the shell, and shells all fractured at similar positions. The increase of the groove number reduced the fracture possibility of the first contact position of the C-J wave. When the groove number reached 7 with a 10 mm outer layer (1/4 model), the fracture only occurred at the position of detonation collision and the fragment width rebounded.     

Research progress on advanced rail materials for electromagnetic railgun technology

Electromagnetic railgun attracts more and more attention due to its advantage in speed,cost,and obscurity.It is found that the rail should withstand huge mechanical and thermal shocks during the launching operation.The forms of rail failure are accompanied by gouge,grooving,transition,and arc ablation,etc.The service life of the rail has become a bottleneck restricting the development of elec-tromagnetic railgun technology.A series of researches are carried out to solve rail failure,including analysing the failure mechanism and using various advanced rail materials.This paper provides a comprehensive review of rail materials,including material composition,preparation,microstructure,and properties.We begin from a short background of the requirement of the rail material.Then a detailed investigation of rail materials is described,and the performances of those materials are introduced.Finally,further development prospect of rail material is discussed.     

Preparation and characterization of HMX/EVA/hBNNSs micro-composites with improved thermal stability and reduced sensitivity

Hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets(HBNNSs)have huge potential in the field of coating materials owing to their remarkable chemical stability,mechanical strength and thermal conductivity.Thin-layer hBNNSs were obtained by a liquid-phase exfoliation of h-BN powders and incorporated into EVA coatings for improving the safety performance of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane(HMX).HBNNSs and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVA)were introduced to HMX by a solvent-slurry process.For com-parison,the HMX/EVA and HMX/EVA/graphene(HMX/EVA/G)composites were also prepared by a similar process.The morphology,crystal form,surface element distribution,thermal decomposition property and impact sensitivity of HMX/EVA/hBNNSs composites were contrastively investigated.Results showed that as prepared HMX/EVA/hBNNSs composites were well coated with hBNNSs and EVA,and exhibited better thermal stability and lower impact sensitivity than that of HMX/EVA and HMX/EVA/G composites,suggesting superior performance of desensitization of hBNNSs in explosives.     

Revenue management under randomly evolving economic conditions

We consider a dynamic pricing model in which the instantaneous rate of the demand arrival process is dependent on not only the current price charged by the concerned firm, but also the present state of the world. While reflecting the current economic condition, the state evolves in a Markovian fashion. This model represents the real‐life situation in which the sales season is relatively long compared to the fast pace at which the outside environment changes. We establish the value of being better informed on the state of the world. When reasonable monotonicity conditions are met, we show that better present economic conditions will lead to higher prices. Our computational study is partially calibrated with real data. It demonstrates that the benefit of heeding varying economic conditions is on par with the value of embracing randomness in the demand process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:73–89,2019     

Mathematical formulation and heuristic algorithm for the block relocation and loading problem

This study considers the block relocation and loading problem in container terminals. The optimal loading sequence and relocation location are simultaneously decided on the basis of the desired ship‐bay and initial yard space configuration. An integer linear programming model is developed to minimize the number of relocations in the yard space on the basis of no shifts in the ship bay. The accuracy of the model is tested on small‐scale scenarios by using CPLEX. Considering the problem size in the real world, we present a rule‐based heuristic method that is combined with a mathematical model for the removal, loading, and relocation operations. The influence of rules on algorithm performance is also analyzed, and the heuristic algorithm is compared with different types of algorithms in the literature. The extensive numerical experiments show the efficiency of the proposed heuristic algorithm.     

基于Focal Loss的多特征融合地物小目标检测

针对无人机影像中地物车辆目标占整体像素不超过0.4％的小目标检测效果差的问题,在融合FPN结构的Faster R-CNN(FFRCNN)网络基础上,提出一种改进算法——FM-FFRCNN.利用Resnet-50网络进行特征提取,并联多个卷积核进行卷积操作实现多特征融合,达到扩大感受野的效果,并通过检测模块进行回归与分类...     

分布式导弹发射控制系统设计模型

分布式导弹发射控制系统是以多微机结构处理导弹发射控制过程的一种控制系统,是当代导弹武器发射控制系统所广泛采用的一种先进技术。通过对某类常规战术导弹实施分布式发射控制模型设计的分析,探讨了分布式微机结构在军事控制领域的应用前景     

基于雷达网拓扑特征的雷达目标编群算法

为有效评估战场电磁态势和实施雷达网对抗,研究雷达目标编群算法十分必要。提出了一种基于拓扑特征分析的雷达目标编群算法,在分析雷达网拓扑结构及其特征基础上,利用拓扑特征实现雷达目标群的建立和更新,完成雷达目标编群。仿真实例表明算法具有可行性和有效性,为电磁态势评估和雷达网对抗奠定了基础。     

新疆少数民族汉语语法教学实践探索

文章依托认知教学理论和建构主义学习观,通过解读《全日制民族中小学汉语课程标准》提出的新要求,对包括直观、演绎、归纳、对比、图表、游戏、交际、任务等多种教学方法进行了阐述。文章认为对少数民族汉语语法教学要注重实践语法的特点,学生的年龄特点、心理认知水平,对语法偏误进行分析,同时应注重教学语法内容的逻辑性,通过灵活运用多种教学方法,促进学习者语法知识的建构,提高语法学习的效率。     

基于虚拟检测函数下的IMM-UKF机动目标跟踪

为了有效提高对机动目标的跟踪效果,将无迹卡尔曼滤波(UKF)引入到交互多模型(IMM)算法框架内,加强状态估计精度;引入强跟踪滤波器(STF)到UKF算法中,避免对强机动目标的过大时间延迟和跟踪性能差的缺点;提出虚拟检测函数法,在跟踪过程中自适应调整"当前"统计模型的机动参数,加大模型集与目标真实运动模式匹配概率。仿真结果验证了改进算法的有效性。