海上编队信息系统的分等级安全防护体系

海上编队信息系统的安全防护能力,是确保系统稳定可靠和安全,确保作战指挥顺畅和信息安全,确保诸兵力协同作战时信息保密共享、信息安全利用、武器可靠共用的重要前提。海上编队信息系统的安全问题是一个系统工程,必须首先从系统体系结构上进行整体考虑。本文遵循深度防御、分等级防护和综合防范思想,确定了海上编队信息系统安全域划分原则,构建了分等级安全防护体系结构,为未来海上编队信息系统的分等级安全防护提供了指导和依据。     

基于小波的信噪分离方法

本文在 Ｄｏｎｏｈｏ 提出的从噪声中恢复信号的非线性小波方法的基本原理的基础上, 并针对非线性小波方法的核心问题——浮动阈值的设定提出了新的算法。通过算例证明, 所设计的浮动阈值在实际应用中效果较好, 特别在低信噪比时信号恢复效果明显优于现常用的浮动阈值设计方法。     

干扰及机动条件下的比例导引智能调控策略

由于红外诱饵干扰样式复杂、目标机动形式多变导致传统比例导引律极易被干扰。为提高采用比例导引方法的导弹性能,提出一种利用径向基函数网络调控比例系数及导弹发射时机的智能导引律。以飞行时间及脱靶量为参考,通过构建加权型指标函数将求解最优比例系数及发射时机问题转化为单目标优化问题;引入量子粒子群算法求解最优决策参量,并以其作为网络输出,干扰样式作为网络输入,离线训练径向基函数网络;为提高训练效率,结合K-means及K最近邻算法初始化径向基函数网络。仿真结果表明,当存在红外诱饵干扰时,智能导引律性能优于扩展比例导引律及自适应滑模导引律。     

Mathematical formulation and heuristic algorithm for the block relocation and loading problem

This study considers the block relocation and loading problem in container terminals. The optimal loading sequence and relocation location are simultaneously decided on the basis of the desired ship‐bay and initial yard space configuration. An integer linear programming model is developed to minimize the number of relocations in the yard space on the basis of no shifts in the ship bay. The accuracy of the model is tested on small‐scale scenarios by using CPLEX. Considering the problem size in the real world, we present a rule‐based heuristic method that is combined with a mathematical model for the removal, loading, and relocation operations. The influence of rules on algorithm performance is also analyzed, and the heuristic algorithm is compared with different types of algorithms in the literature. The extensive numerical experiments show the efficiency of the proposed heuristic algorithm.     

How to deal with consumers who group to request a discount?

We investigate operations impacts of consumer‐initiated group buying (CGB), whereby consumers voluntarily form buying groups to negotiate bulk deals with retailers. This differs from regular purchasing whereby consumers visit retailers individually and pay posted prices. Upon the visit by group consumers, a retailer decides to forgo or satisfy their demand in its entirety. Turned down by a retailer, group consumers continue to visit other retailers. In the case where their group effort fails to conclude a deal, some group consumers switch to individual purchasing provided they receive a non‐negative utility by doing so. Even after a successful group event, the group consumers who forgo the event out of utility concern may switch to individual purchasing as well. Retailer competition, group size, and the chance that group consumers switch to individual purchasing upon unsatisfaction are crucial to how retailers adjust operations to deal with CGB. With retailer competition, the rise of CGB results in every consumer paying the same reduced price when group size is small but makes group consumers pay more than by purchasing individually when group size is large. This has mixed consequences on the profits for retailers in both absolute and relative terms.     

Revenue management under randomly evolving economic conditions

We consider a dynamic pricing model in which the instantaneous rate of the demand arrival process is dependent on not only the current price charged by the concerned firm, but also the present state of the world. While reflecting the current economic condition, the state evolves in a Markovian fashion. This model represents the real‐life situation in which the sales season is relatively long compared to the fast pace at which the outside environment changes. We establish the value of being better informed on the state of the world. When reasonable monotonicity conditions are met, we show that better present economic conditions will lead to higher prices. Our computational study is partially calibrated with real data. It demonstrates that the benefit of heeding varying economic conditions is on par with the value of embracing randomness in the demand process. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 66:73–89,2019     

救生伞背带分系统对假人动载的影响

为了改善救生伞背带分系统的安全性,建立降落伞-背带-假人系统的动力学模型,分析背带及脱离锁参数对假人质心过载的影响。针对救生伞假人高速开伞空投试验,采用多体动力学方法建立降落伞、背带脱离锁和假人的十五自由度动力学模型;采用半质量-阻尼弹簧模型建立背带模型,连接降落伞、脱离锁和假人;利用实测过载计算降落伞开伞力。利用所建立的动力学模型仿真典型状态下假人和背带的动力学响应,验证所建立模型的合理性。分析了脱离锁位置、背带松紧程度、背带材料特性对假人质心最大过载的影响,可用于指导背带设计以及确定最佳的背带脱离锁位置。     

应用边界交叉法的高超声速滑翔飞行器多目标轨迹优化

针对高超声速滑翔飞行器复杂约束条件下多目标轨迹设计问题,基于边界交叉法和伪谱法提出多目标轨迹优化方法。分析高超声速滑翔飞行器复杂约束轨迹优化问题的特点,提出多目标轨迹优化问题。采用边界交叉法和伪谱法将多目标轨迹优化问题转化为一组单目标优化子问题,利用非线性规划算法分别求解。在优化过程中,将已求解子问题的解作为下一个子问题的初始值,求解最大横程和最小峰值热流轨迹优化问题。仿真结果表明:所提方法能够有效搜索到优化轨迹的Pareto前沿,可以为高超声速滑翔飞行器轨迹设计提供参考。     

模拟油罐油气混合物爆炸实验与数值仿真研究

对模拟油罐内油气混合物爆炸冲击波特性进行了研究.在直径为1 m的模拟油罐中进行了油气混合物爆炸模拟实验,建立了模拟油罐油气混合物爆炸的数值仿真模型,并借助大型商业软件Fluent6.2完成了数值仿真研究.数值仿真结果与实验值较为吻合.模拟实验和数值仿真研究的结果表明:油气体积分数、罐内初始温度等决定模拟油罐油气混合物爆炸压力的大小.油罐内爆炸压力波的振荡特性对金属油罐结构来说是有害的.     

危险球心法求解避雷针保护范围

讨论了一种避雷针保护范围的计算方法,给出了图例和计算公式。利用危险球心法可以对复杂结构建筑物的防雷设计与校核提供一种简便的解题思路和方法。