典型人因可靠性分析方法评述

对比较典型的第一代和第二代人因可靠性分析方法进行综述。首先讨论人因可靠性的基本定义;然后选取几种比较有代表意义的第一代方法进行对比分析,以此为基础介绍第一代方法的基本思想和特征;接下来分析第二代人因可靠性分析方法中两种典型方法,讨论它们的基本特点,并分析它们相对于第一代人因可靠性分析方法的优势以及自身的一些问题;最后展望人因可靠性分析方法的发展趋势。     

Optimal empty vehicle redistribution for hub‐and‐spoke transportation systems

This article considers the empty vehicle redistribution problem in a hub‐and‐spoke transportation system, with random demands and stochastic transportation times. An event‐driven model is formulated, which yields the implicit optimal control policy. Based on the analytical results for two‐depot systems, a dynamic decomposition procedure is presented which produces a near‐optimal policy with linear computational complexity in terms of the number of spokes. The resulting policy has the same asymptotic behavior as that of the optimal policy. It is found that the threshold‐type control policy is not usually optimal in such systems. The results are illustrated through small‐scale numerical examples. Through simulation the robustness of the dynamic decomposition policy is tested using a variety of scenarios: more spokes, more vehicles, different combinations of distribution types for the empty vehicle travel times and loaded vehicle arrivals. This shows that the dynamic decomposition policy is significantly better than a heuristics policy in all scenarios and appears to be robust to the assumptions of the distribution types. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Dynamic evacuation routes for personnel on a naval ship

We propose a dynamic escape route system for emergency evacuation of a naval ship. The system employs signals that adapt to the causative contingency and the crew's physical distribution about the ship. A mixed‐integer nonlinear programming model, with underlying network structure, optimizes the evacuation process. The network's nodes represent compartments, closures (e.g., doors and hatches) and intersections, while arcs represent various types of passageways. The objective function integrates two potentially conflicting factors: average evacuation time and the watertight and airtight integrity of the ship after evacuation. A heuristic solves the model approximately using a sequence of mixed‐integer linear approximating problems. Using data for a Spanish frigate, with standard static routes specified by the ship's designers, computational tests show that the dynamic system can reduce average evacuation times, nearly 23%, and can improve a combined measure of ship integrity by up to 50%. In addition, plausible design changes to the frigate yield further, substantial improvements. Published 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2008     

粗糙集理论的支持向量机建模研究及应用

结合粗糙集的属性约简和支持向量机的分类机理,提出了一种混合算法.将粗糙集理论中的属性约简引入到支持向量机中来,把粗糙集作为支持向量机的预处理器,先降低原问题的维数,以支持向量机方法建立预测模型.提高了SVM的推广能力,减少存储空间,加快了支持向量机的训练速度,取得了满意的预测结果.     

Petri网潜艇作战指挥效能分析

作战指挥效能系统是一个实时系统,是一个具有分布、并发、异步等特性的复杂系统.为了分析、评价和开发此类系统,依据潜艇作战指挥系统的战技指标要求,运用模糊Petri网的原理结合层次分析法,对其性能采取定性分析与定量分析相结合,以定量分析为主的方法进行评价.结果表明,这个评价模型简便可行,在军事系统效能评价中具有推广应用价值.     

某型武器系统可靠性试验方法研究

针对某型武器系统可靠性指标鉴别比较小的实际情况,通过对不同的试验方法进行研究,最终采用Bayes假设检验方法,设计出了具体的试验方案.对该试验方案进行了分析、对比,说明该方法切实可行.     

地面防空导弹引战配合数字仿真研究

防空导弹技术的迅速发展和武器装备的不断更新,对防空导弹的训练应用仿真技术提出了较高的要求,着眼于地面防空武器,分析了引战配合的关键技术,首先建立引战配合的数学模型,然后在此基础上介绍防空导弹引战配合仿真系统,最后对引信、战斗部和目标的作用过程进行动态仿真,给出了仿真结果以及战斗部破片的动态飞散区域图形.直观显示出引战配合的效果和对目标的毁伤程度.为日后进一步提高引战配合效率提供了参数依据,在提高防空武器系统的性能上具有重要意义.     

威胁联网下低空突防航路规划研究

分析了威胁联网下信息交流和资源共享对飞行航路规划的影响;针对威胁联网,制定相关的威胁体相互支援表,采用遗传算法进行低空突防航路规划.通过仿真计算证明,此方法规划出的飞行航路能有效提高威胁联网下的战斗机低空突防安全性,为航路规划提供了一种新思路.     

坦克靶场射击模拟训练系统

研究了坦克靶场射击模拟训练系统的总体技术,给出了系统的结构与功能,构建了靶场射击模拟训练系统硬件和系统软件,重点阐述了信号接口模块、判命中子系统、靶场管理子系统、视景回放子系统和参数分析子系统的技术方案,并给出了具体的实现过程。     

基于三标度法的炮阵地多目标决策方法

针对传统AHP在实际应用中存在的问题,采用三标度法进行炮阵地的多目标优选决策,避免了采用九标度方法构建判断矩阵时权重选择的模糊性,从而减少了决策过程中决策者的主观臆断性。实例证明,三标度法具有简单明了、使用方便等优点,在应用于多目标决策等复杂系统时是适合可靠的。