The (s,Q) inventory model with Erlang lead time and deterministic demand

We develop a simple, approximately optimal solution to a model with Erlang lead time and deterministic demand. The method is robust to misspecification of the lead time and has good accuracy. We compare our approximate solution to the optimal for the case where we have prior information on the lead‐time distribution, and another where we have no information, except for computer‐generated sample data. It turns out that our solution is as easy as the EOQ's, with an accuracy rate of 99.41% when prior information on the lead‐time distribution is available and 97.54–99.09% when only computer‐generated sample information is available. Apart from supplying the inventory practitioner with an easy heuristic, we gain insights into the efficacy of stochastic lead time models and how these could be used to find the cost and a near‐optimal policy for the general model, where both demand rate and lead time are stochastic. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

基于灰局势决策理论的维修级别分析方法

简要介绍了某型无人机维修级别分析及灰局势决策理论的一般概念,针对传统维修级别分析中经济性分析的数据来源广、模型可信度较差的情况,研究基于灰局势决策原理建模的一般方法,通过筛选原始数据并修正计算公式,大大减少了冗余计算,最后运用这一模型对某机载无线电设备进行了经济性分析。     

软件测试工具的问题及解决方法

讨论了当前软件测试工具的关键技术,并指出了其弱点,介绍了如何基于.NET技术对这些弱点进行相应的改善.     

舰载作战训练系统的概念设计

本文介绍了舰载作战训练系统的研究方向、功能、组成及各单元的任务和接口关系,并对关键技术进行了简要说明。     

光滑物体表面反射光偏振特征分析及反射光分离技术

物体表面反射光由镜面反射光和漫反射光组成,针对光滑物体表面镜面反射光和漫反射光的分离问题,建立了一个结合镜面反射和漫反射共同作用的偏振态表征模型,并使用该模型对混合反射区域偏振特征进行分析。基于镜面反射光和漫反射光的偏振特征,根据镜面反射光和漫反射光在光滑物体表面垂直方向及平行方向上的分布关系,采用偏振正交分解的方法实现了镜面反射成分和漫反射成分的求解。利用镜面反射光图像和漫反射光图像之间的相关性,通过梯度下降算法得到镜面反射成分和漫反射成分归一化互相关最小值及其对应的镜面反射偏振度和漫反射偏振度,从而实现反射光的分离。通过对不同场景中获取的反射光图像进行测试,实验结果表明,该算法具有较好的反射光分离效果。     

【专题】智能化装备检测能力建设研究

装备检测是装备性能监测、故障预测和诊断、健康管理、战斗力评估和再生的基础和前提。随着大数据、云计算、智能算法、智能芯片等智能化技术的突破性发展,军事智能化时代已经在全球兴起,并驱动装备体系向信息化、智能化方向发展。针对信息化、智能化装备综合性强、技术性高、战斗力强及结构复杂等特点,本文首先给出了装备检测的意义,然后分析了智能化装备检测面临的问题,最后从构建科学化规范化装备检测标准、智能化检测系统、多样化检测方法、智能化数据处理和智能化检测人才队伍建设五个方面给出智能化装备检测能力建设的意见和措施,以期为未来军队智能化装备检测能力建设提供一定的科学理论支撑。     

Experimental and numerical investigations of interface properties of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Copper composite plate prepared by explosive welding

Explosive welding technique is widely used in many industries. This technique is useful to weld different kinds of metal alloys that are not easily welded by any other welding methods. Interlayer plays an important role to improve the welding quality and control energy loss during the collision process. In this paper, the Ti6Al4V plate was welded with a copper plate in the presence of a commercially pure titanium interlayer. Microstructure details of welded composite plate were observed through optical and scanning electron microscope. Interlayer-base plate interface morphology showed a wavy structure with solid melted regions inside the vortices. Moreover, the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis in the interlayer-base interface reveals that there are some identified regions of different kinds of chemical equilibrium phases of Cu–Ti, i.e. CuTi, Cu₂Ti, CuTi₂, Cu₄Ti, etc. To study the mechanical properties of composite plates, mechanical tests were conducted, including the tensile test, bending test, shear test and Vickers hardness test. Numerical simulation of explosive welding process was performed with coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method, Euler and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The multi-physics process of explosive welding, including detonation, jetting and interface morphology, was observed with simulation. Moreover, simulated plastic strain, temperature and pressure profiles were analysed to understand the welding conditions. Simulated results show that the interlayer base plate interface was created due to the high plastic deformation and localized melting of the parent plates. At the collision point, both alloys behave like fluids, resulting in the formation of a wavy morphology with vortices, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Numerical study on the case effect of a bomb air explosion

When considering the bomb explosion damage effect, the air shock wave and high-speed fragments of the bomb case are two major threats. In experiments, the air shock wave was studied by the bare ex-plosives superseding the real cased bomb; in contrast, the bomb case influence was ignored to reduce risk. The air explosion simulations of the MK84 warhead with and without the case were conducted. The numerical simulation results showed that the bomb case significantly influenced the shock wave generated by the bomb: the spatial distribution of shock wave in the near field changed, and the peak value of shock wave was reduced. Breakage of the case and kinetic energy of the fragmentation consumed 3 and 38% of the explosion energy, respectively. The increasing factors of the peak over-pressure induced by the bare explosive on the ground and in the air were 1.43-3.04 and 1.37-1.57, respectively. Four typical stages of case breakage were defined. The mass distribution of the fragments follows the Mott distribution. The initial velocity distribution of the fragments agreed well with the Gurney equation.     

武器装备的试训结合式作战试验研究

武器装备作战试验具有高度的动态化特征,与科学分析与统计学严控试验条件的要求相冲突.为尽可能在实战化条件下实现结果的精确性,从科学分析与统计学的视角构建了作战试验的推理模型,探讨了推理环节中可能影响结果精确性的各种表现,提出了试训结合式作战试验的构想与基本过程,指出策划该类作战试验的重点在于判定试验的终止条件,并结合案例进行了演示.     

地空无人平台协同作战应用研究

战争即将进入智能化时代,无人装备将成为未来战场主角.地空无人平台协同应用是未来战场的必然趋势.基于未来战场复杂作战环境需求,针对地空无人平台协同作战应用进行研究.合理分析协同作战应用的必然性;从协同侦察感知、协同指挥控制、协同支援保障、协同防御警戒4个领域进行作战应用研究,并分析其技术基础及可行性;列出地空协同运用存在的难点并给出合理的意见建议,为陆军作战、编制及装备体系的论证规划提供参考.