对流层散射无源监视系统最优布局方法

为提高对流层散射无源监视系统对辐射源的定位精度,利用改进粒子群优化算法对分布式监视节点进行最优布局设计。推导了基于电磁波方位到达角定位机制下的几何精度因子。在改进粒子群优化算法中,采用混沌理论初始化所有粒子的初始参数;通过自适应变化的惯性权重和学习因子来提高算法寻优能力;为防止粒子陷入局部最优,利用双子群机制进行寻优,并在两子群之间进行交叉变异操作,以增加粒子的多样性。仿真结果表明:相对于几种常规的布站方式,所提算法能够明显提高监视系统对辐射源的定位精度,运行时间较遍历寻优算法有所减少。     

面向航天装备大数据的知识图谱体系

近年来,航天装备大数据平台建设已经取得了长足进步。然而,航天装备数据深层次价值仍然未被有效发掘,关键原因在于现有大数据业务数据存在无法跨专业贯通、缺乏全局数据资源智能分析及管理。知识图谱技术作为大数据时代的推理和分析利器,与航天装备大数据完成无缝对接具有天然的优势和内在动机。本文从研究面向航天装备数据知识图谱的/组织管理、关联分析、数据挖掘、知识可视化等开放式共享服务出发,通过大数据、人工智能方法挖掘航天数据的应用潜力,并引入数据化决策模型和监控体系,建立航天装备数据全息画像,实现业务数据的跨业务贯通,并提供网格化的高速检索,以求通过提升数据管理的规范化、标准化、精益化水平指导航天装备的优化和升级。     

The effect of al particle size on thermal decomposition,mechanical strength and sensitivity of Al/ZrH2/PTFE composite

To study the thermal decomposition of Al/ZrH2/PTFE with different Al particle size as well as mechanical strength and impact sensitivity under medium and low strain rates, molding-vacuum sintering was adopted to prepare four groups of power materials and cylindrical specimens with different Al particle size. The active decomposition temperature of ZrH2 was obtained by TG-DSC, and the quasi-static me-chanics/reaction characteristics as well as the impact sensitivity of the specimen were studied respec-tively by quasi-static compression and drop-hammer test. The results show that the yield strength of the material decreased with the increase of the Al particle size, while the compressive strength, failure strain and toughness increased first and then decreased, which reached the maximum values of 116.61 MPa, 191％, and 119.9 MJ/m respectively when the Al particle size is 12—14μm because of particle size grading. The specimens with the highest strength and toughness formed circumferential open cracks and reacted partly when pressed. Those with developmental cracks formed inside did not react. It is considered that fracture of specimens first triggered initial reaction between Al and PTFE to release an amount of heat. Then ZrH2 was activated and decomposed, and participated in subsequent reaction to generate ZrC. The impact sensitivity of the specimens decreased with the increase of Al particle size.     

Blast resistance evaluation of urban utility tunnel reinforced with BFRP bars

To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under accidental explosions,a shallow-buried BFRP bars reinforced UUT(BBRU)was designed and constructed.Repetitive blast experiments were carried out on this BBRU.Dynamic responses,damage evolutions and failure styles of the BBRU under repetitive explosions were revealed.The tunnel roof is the most vulnerable component and longitudinal cracks develop along the tunnel.When the scaled distance is larger than 1.10 m/kg1/3,no cracks are observed in the experiments.When the BBRU is severely damaged,there are five cracks forming and developing along the roof.The roof is simplified as a clamped-supported one-way slab,proved by the observation that the maximum strain of the transverse bar is much larger than that of the longitudinal bar.Dynamic responses of the roof slab are predicted by dynamic Euler beam theory,which can consistently predict the roof displacement under large-scaled-distance explosion.Compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,the BBRU has advantages in blast resistance with smaller deflections and more evenly-distributed cracks when the scaled distance is smaller than 1.260 m/kg1/3 and the steel bars enter plastic state.Longer elastic defamation of the BFRP bars endows the UUT more excellent blast resistance under small-scaled-distance explosions.     

基于AKF的AUV对接回收组合导航研究

针对自主水下机器人(Autonomous Underwater Vehicle,AUV)在回收过程中的组合导航精度问题,提出了一种改进的高斯距离迭代法及改进的自适应卡尔曼滤波算法(Adaptive Kalman Filter,AKF).基于AUV回收对接系统,研究并建立了针对惯导SINS、超短基线USBL、多普勒计程仪DVL和深度计的基于斜距的组合导航模型.通过对SINS/USBL/DVL/深度计组合导航量测信息误差特性分析,设计了改进的基于斜距的SINS/USBL/DVL/深度计组合导航模型;针对该模型突出的滤波发散问题,设计了基于滤波收敛性判据和强跟踪滤波思想改进的AKF滤波算法进行有机融合.仿真结果表明,此研究使实际AUV系统具有更高的滤波精度和可靠性.     

作战辅助决策模型设计及评估方法

作战辅助决策模型是在复杂战场态势下,辅助指挥人员科学、高效决策的重要工具.针对当前辅助决策模型功能分散、可信性不足、缺乏工程化设计与管理等问题,从系统工程角度出发,开展作战辅助决策模型构建与评估通用方法的研究,提出辅助决策模型工程化设计与评估分级的一般流程与方法,并结合实例进行说明.     

改进的YOLOV3算法在小目标检测中的研究与应用

战场目标的图像检测与识别对于战场监视、侦察、毁伤状态评估和火控系统研究等具有重要作用.以坦克装甲目标为研究对象,选用识别精度高、速度快的YOLOV3为基础目标检测模型,针对复杂战场环境中获取图像目标特征信息少的问题,引入多尺度特征增强结构的方法对YOLOV3模型进行改进,通过丰富特征图多样性的方式,提高模型性能.在坦克数据集上的实验结果表明,改进后的算法对于复杂战场环境下的小目标特征具有更强的敏感性,较大程度上增强了模型的识别精度.     

一维金属-介质光子晶体的特性

利用特征矩阵法对一维金属-介质光子晶体的特性进行了计算,发现此种光子晶体具有可见光透明,微波、紫外高反的光谱特性,而且存在比一维介质光子晶体更宽、反射更强的全向带隙.     

一种关于~pc(0≤c<1)的快精算法

求pc(p>1,正整数)的值时,若c较小,通常会存在收敛速度较慢以及数值字长有限所致精度变差的问题。提出了一种关于pc(0≤c<1)的快精算法,该方法按照定点二进制数特点,通过适当扩大c值,利用牛顿迭代法求取近似值,在采用选值法确定初值时,将对应值域分为若干等间隔子区间,初值精度取决于间隔h的大小,而h的大小则根据迭代精度和预定迭代次数确定,由此可获得高精度初值,从而在理论上使pc的迭代计算达到快速、高精度的目的。     

单星定向原理及GPS仿真试验

介绍了一种新的卫星定向方法,该方法仅利用一颗地球静止轨道卫星完成定向;介绍了利用GPS卫星进行单星定向原理验证试验的方法、条件和结果。试验结果表明,对于3m长基线,单星定向精度可达0.05°。从而说明利用一颗地球静止轨道卫星进行定向,在原理上是正确可行的。