月桂酸二乙醇酰胺对聚α-烯烃理化性能的影响

聚α-烯烃是应用十分广泛的润滑剂产品,在保证使用性能前提下提高其生物降解性具有十分重要的现实意义。选择前期实验中对矿物基础油生物降解性具有较大促进作用的月桂酸二乙醇酰胺作为生物降解促进剂,考察其对聚α-烯烃PAO 40生物降解性、抗磨减摩性、抗氧化安定性及黏度指数的影响。实验结果表明:月桂酸二乙醇酰胺既能有效促进PAO 40生物降解,也能一定程度上改善PAO 40的抗磨减摩性能,但对其抗氧化安定性及黏度指数影响不大。作为生物降解促进剂,月桂酸二乙醇酰胺在保证聚α-烯烃使用性能的基础上能有效提高后者的生物降解性,具有较大的实用价值。     

界面热阻对金刚石/银复合材料导热率的影响

研究了金刚石／银复合材料的导热率与金刚石的含量、粒度等之间的关系,着重讨论了界面热阻对复合材料导热率的影响。并阐述了金刚石表面镀钛,能有效改善金刚石对银的润湿性,降低界面热阻,从而提高金刚石／银复合材料的导热率。     

瓶颈指派问题的一种多项式时间算法

本文对瓶颈指派问题给出了一种新的算法,该算法不需要利用最大流算法,而类似于解经典指派问题的匈牙利算法。该算法是一个多项式时间算法,其复杂性为Ｏ（ｎ３）     

Inventory financing under Risk-Adjusted-Return-On-Capital criterion

Risk-Adjusted-Return-On-Capital (RAROC) is a loan-pricing criterion under which a bank sets the loan term such that a certain rate of return is achieved on the regulatory capital required by the Basel regulation. Some banks calculate the amount of regulatory capital for each loan under the standardized approach (“standardized banks,” the regulatory capital is proportional to the loan amount), and others under the internal rating-based (IRB) approach (“IRB banks,” the regulatory capital is related to the Value-at-Risk of the loan). This article examines the impact of the RAROC criterion on the bank's loan-pricing decision and the retailer's inventory decision. We find that among the loan terms that satisfy the bank's RAROC criterion, the one that benefits the retailer the most requires the bank to specify an inventory advance rate in addition to the interest rate. Under this loan term, the retailer's inventory level is more sensitive to his asset level when facing an IRB bank compared to a standardized bank. An IRB (standardized) loan leads to higher profit and inventory level for retailers with high (low) asset. For retailers with medium asset, an IRB loan results in a higher retailer profit but a lower consumer welfare. Calibrated numerical study reveals that the benefit of choosing standardized banks (relative to IRB banks) can be as high as 30% for industries with severe capital constraints, volatile demands, and low profit margins, highlighting the importance for retailers to carefully choose the type of banks to borrow from. When the interest rate is capped by regulation, retailers borrowing from a standardized bank are more likely to be influenced by the interest rate cap than those borrowing from an IRB bank. Under strong empire-building incentives (the bank will offer loan terms to maximize the size of the loan), retailers with medium initial asset level shift their preference from IRB banks to standardized banks.     

Robust TDOA/FDOA estimation from emitter signals for hybrid localization using UAVs

This paper considers the time difference of arrival (TDOA) and frequency difference of arrival (FDOA)estimation problem for joint localization using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs),involving range migration (RM) and Doppler ambiguity within observation interval.A robust estimation method based on interpolation and resampling is proposed.Specifically,the interpolation artificially increases the pulse repetition frequency (PRF).After that,the resampling eliminates the coupling between range frequency and slow time.Finally,a coherent integration step based on inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) is used to achieve parameter estimation and suppress the grating lobes caused by interpolation.The proposed method could be efficiently implemented by fast Fourier transform (FFF),inverse FFT (IFFF) and non-uniform FFT (NUFFT) without parameter searching procedures.Numerical experiments indicate that the proposed method has nearly optimal anti-noise performance but much lower computational complexity than the maximum likelihood estimator,which makes it more competitive in practical applications.     

排液槽对折板捕雾器性能影响数值模拟

为研究气液分离器内使用的折板式捕雾器的流场特性及排液槽对其性能的影响,利用流体动力学计算软件Fluent,采用Low-Re Stress-Omega模型和DPM两相流模型,对捕雾器气液两相流流场进行了数值模拟。通过对比安装排液槽前后捕雾器内流场,分析了排液槽对捕雾器流场速度、液滴运动轨迹的影响;发现排液槽能大幅提高捕雾器的除雾效率,10μm以上液滴基本能够全部去除,但是也会使除雾器压降急剧增大。最后研究了排液槽主要结构参数——折弯直径和长度对捕雾器性能的影响,发现增大排液槽折弯直径和长度均能增加除雾效率,但同时也会增大进出口压降。     

受限空间雾化射流降温与加湿作用数值分析

以雾化射流预防、控制受限空间内油气热安全事故为工程背景,综合可压缩流场控制方程、k-ε湍流模型、粒子动力学模型与相变传热模型,构建了描述受限空间内雾化射流降温与加湿作用的数值分析模型。借助Fluent流体动力学仿真软件,以1 600 mm×200 mm二维狭长受限空间中不同工况的雾化射流为算例,对雾化射流降温与加湿过程进行了数值模拟,并探讨了雾化射流流量与粒径的不同对上述作用的影响。所得结果为进一步探究雾化射流降温与加湿行为,推进雾化射流在热安全防护领域的工程应用提供借鉴和参考。     

10W/40高温重负荷润滑油在柴油发动机上的试验

为更好地研究高原地区车辆发动机与油料的适应性,针对高原地区特殊的地理环境气候特点,选用10W/40高温重负荷润滑油,对其进行了理化性能分析、350 h台架可靠性试验及高原实际行车试验。结果表明:该型润滑油具有优良的抗氧抗腐性、清净分散性和抗磨性,可满足高原地区大功率、重负荷柴油发动机的用油要求。     

基于功率控制分组的RFID防碰撞算法改进

为了减少阅读器读取标签过程中的查询次数,降低标签发生碰撞的概率,提高系统效率,针对功率控制分组防碰撞算法不能根据标签数动态地进行组数划分,提出了一种改进算法。采用数学分析与二进制算法相结合的方法,找到最优组数,根据最优组数划分阅读器的读取区域,标签分布在划分的组中,阅读器依次读取不同组中的标签。通过划分组数,减少阅读器每次读取的标签数,从而降低标签碰撞的可能性。仿真结果表明,改进算法显著减少了碰撞次数,提高了系统效率。     

夜间通风量对相变轻质房间室内热环境的影响

运用EnergyPlus软件,对含相变材料层轻质房间的室内热环境进行了模拟,分析了墙体结构、通风量等因素对相变材料轻质墙体的蓄、放热性能和室内热环境的影响。模拟结果表明:相变材料应用于轻质房间,能显著增强围护结构的热惰性,提高室内的热舒适性;同时采取夜间通风技术,可以有效地将白天蓄积的热量散至室外。相变材料布置在围护结构内侧时,室内环境的热舒适性比布置在外侧时更好。从自然通风的角度,相变材料布置于围护结构内侧时,选取换气数2.5次/h作为优化结果;相变材料布置于围护结构外侧时,选取换气数4.0次/h作为优化结果。