收集课堂气氛反馈信息的艺术刍议

从课堂提问、倾听和观察3个方面论述了收集课堂气氛反馈信息的艺术.在提问艺术中,从提问的目的性、科学性、趣味性、启发性、灵活性、鼓励性、关键性、针对性等方面进行了论述.在通过听觉收集课堂气氛反馈信息的艺术中,从课堂的"肃静"、"骚动"、以及学生的"私语"、"应答"4个方面进行了辩证分析与论述.在课堂观察艺术中,从学生的眼神和课堂中的举止行为2方面进行了分析论述.     

基于少齿差传动的高精度方向机研究

目前大多数坦克炮塔方向机均采用一行星汇流排将手动与电动合二为一.但由于受到结构及坦克空间约束,方向机的传动比基本上均匀分配,系统各级精度均对系统误差产生影响,因而空回量大、传动精度低,通常在2.5密位以上.本研究通过采用"同力面混合少齿差行星传动"技术及径向弹性补偿装置,并对系统各级传动比重新分配,使方向机的空回量约减小一半,提高了方向机的传动精度和传动效率.     

偏心加筋板大变形梁板单元

给出了偏心加筋板大变形分析的理论公式和相应的梁板单元模型 .在肋骨和板的运动方程中引用 Von Karman形变方程 ;按照 Mindlin板理论计及横向剪切变形的影响 ;对横向剪应变和薄膜应变重新插值修正克服 Mindlin型单元在薄板应用时的“锁定”行为 ,此模型可适合于薄板和厚板的非线性分析 .     

模拟转子不平衡响应数值分析及实验研究

对模拟转子进行了不平衡响应的有限元计算,并进行了相应的实验研究.在转速为960r/min和1568r/min时,不平衡响应的计算结果与实验结果的误差近似为1.7%和2.1%,计算结果与实验结果相符.     

核危机博弈冲突消解图模型分析

核安全是国家安全体系的重要组成部分。针对博弈过程定量化分析方法的不足,调整冲突消解图模型分析方法并将其应用于核危机博弈分析。提出冲突消解图模型分析流程、相关定义和矩阵表示方法;以1969年爆发的中苏核危机为背景,基于历史数据构建核危机冲突模型,应用矩阵表示算法分析博弈状态演化过程;引入博弈政策和军事能力两类模型参数,调节参数进行博弈模型敏感性分析;应用联盟分析方法识别出可能存在的决策者联盟及其对国家关系演化的影响;根据模型数据分析结果,总结相关结论和决策参考。研究结果表明,冲突分析方法适用于核危机管控研究,采用与军事实力相匹配的策略在危机博弈演化中具有重要作用。     

Cyclic best first search: Using contours to guide branch‐and‐bound algorithms

The cyclic best‐first search (CBFS) strategy is a recent search strategy that has been successfully applied to branch‐and‐bound algorithms in a number of different settings. CBFS is a modification of best‐first search (BFS) that places search tree subproblems into contours which are collections of subproblems grouped in some way, and repeatedly cycles through all non‐empty contours, selecting one subproblem to explore from each. In this article, the theoretical properties of CBFS are analyzed for the first time. CBFS is proved to be a generalization of all other search strategies by using a contour definition that explores the same sequence of subproblems as any other search strategy. Further, a bound is proved between the number of subproblems explored by BFS and the number of children generated by CBFS, given a fixed branching strategy and set of pruning rules. Finally, a discussion of heuristic contour‐labeling functions is provided, and proof‐of‐concept computational results for mixed‐integer programming problems from the MIPLIB 2010 database are shown. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 64: 64–82, 2017     

Coordinated pricing and inventory control problems with capacity constraints and fixed ordering cost

This article addresses a single‐item, finite‐horizon, periodic‐review coordinated decision model on pricing and inventory control with capacity constraints and fixed ordering cost. Demands in different periods are random and independent of each other, and their distributions depend on the price in the current period. Each period's stochastic demand function is the additive demand model. Pricing and ordering decisions are made at the beginning of each period, and all shortages are backlogged. The objective is to find an optimal policy that maximizes the total expected discounted profit. We show that the profit‐to‐go function is strongly CK‐concave, and the optimal policy has an (s,S,P) ‐like structure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

基于最优打击序列的弹道导弹火力分配模型研究

针对弹道导弹火力计划的拟制过程进行研究。围绕效费比最大化目标,对目标打击序列的影响因素进行了分析,设计了打击目标排序算法;采用层次分析法对弹道导弹打击能力进行了分析,并对打击目标所使用的作战单位排序值进行了计算,建立了最优火力分配模型。该模型不仅可最大发挥作战单位的作战能力,而且满足以最小代价获取最佳打击效果。     

Recent progress on transition metal oxides and carbon-supported transition metal oxides as catalysts for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

As a main oxidizer in solid composite propellants, ammonium perchlorate (AP) plays an important role because its thermal decomposition behavior has a direct influence on the characteristic of solid com-posite propellants. To improve the performance of solid composite propellant, it is necessary to take measures to modify the thermal decomposition behavior of AP. In recent years, transition metal oxides and carbon-supported transition metal oxides have drawn considerable attention due to their extraor-dinary catalytic activity. In this review, we highlight strategies to enhance the thermal decomposition of AP by tuning morphology, varying the types of metal ion, and coupling with carbon analogue. The enhanced catalytic performance can be ascribed to synergistic effect, increased surface area, more exposed active sites, and accelerated electron transportation and so on. The mechanism of AP decom-position mixed with catalyst has also been briefly summarized. Finally, a conclusive outlook and possible research directions are suggested to address challenges such as lacking practical application in actual formulation of solid composite propellant and batch manufacturing.     

Fracture mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut by circumferential detonation collision

The failure mechanism of a cylindrical shell cut into fragments by circumferential detonation collision was experimentally and numerically investigated. A self-designed detonation wave regulator was used to control the detonation and cut the shell. It was found that the self-designed regulator controlled the fragment shape. The macrostructure and micro-characteristics of fragments revealed that shear fracture was a prior mechanism, the shell fractured not only at the position of detonation collision, but the crack also penetrated the shell at the first contact position of the Chapmen-Jouguet (C-J) wave. The effects of groove number and outer layer thickness on the fracture behavior were tested by simulations. When the thickness of the outer layer was 5–18 mm, it has little effect on fragmentation of the shell, and shells all fractured at similar positions. The increase of the groove number reduced the fracture possibility of the first contact position of the C-J wave. When the groove number reached 7 with a 10 mm outer layer (1/4 model), the fracture only occurred at the position of detonation collision and the fragment width rebounded.