大型水面舰艇在重型鱼雷水下近距爆炸作用下的毁伤效应

以单发某重型鱼雷击沉DD973驱逐舰的实船打靶试验为例,揭示了船体梁结构在船中底部近距离水下爆炸作用下最终呈现中垂破坏现象.建立了该问题的物理仿真模型,再现了船体梁在水下爆炸近场冲击波正压和负压交替作用下的中垂破坏过程.与实船打靶试验情况进行对比的结果验证了数值计算结果的有效性.在此基础上,分析了船体梁结构在水下爆炸近场球面冲击波和动态气泡作用下的内力和变形规律.     

Better is the Neighbor?

Abstract

This study applies the Sequential Panel Selection Method (SPSM), to investigate the convergence properties of the military expenditure of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) during the period of 1990–2015. Compared to the traditional methods, SPSM considers fundamentally general spatial homogeneous and heterogeneous relationships with countries and examines the evolution of military expenditure. We find that four-fifths of NATO member countries have been convergent with the UK, but no country’s military expenditure is convergent with the US. This means that there is no significant linkage effect in the US for NATO military expenditure. While they are allies of the US, the majority of NATO member countries’ military expenditures are consistent with UK military expenditure. The main reasons are due to the geographical space layout and the international relationship convergence. The results indicate that more than four-fifths of NATO member countries have been coordinated with convergence theory and spillover effect.     

Do Military Expenditures Crowd-out Health Expenditures? Evidence from around the World, 2000–2013

Abstract

The paper examines the relationship between health and military expenditures using pooled cross-sectional (197 countries) and time series (2000–2013) data. Simultaneous equation models were employed to estimate the relationship between an array of public sector expenditures in order to address potential endogeneity. Our empirical findings strongly support the crowding-out hypothesis whereby increased military expenditures reduce the capacity of government to direct expenditures to health expenditures. These findings were robust to alternative specifications explored in the sensitivity analyses. Compared with upper-middle-income countries, the crowding-out effect became more pronounced among lower-middle-income countries. Consequently, this study shows that increased military expenditures negatively impacts health expenditures, and therefore poses as an important risk factor for population health and individual well-being. Moreover, it is the poorest of nations that are most sensitive to the negative effects of increased military expenditures.     

多自治系统关联的级联失效模型建立和分析

为分析级联失效对互联网性能的影响,基于互联网由多自治系统关联的现实,模拟自治系统间的负载均衡,建立了多自治系统关联的级联失效模型。在此基础上定义了分别由强连接关系和弱连接关系组成的2种多自治系统关联网络,并分析了域间流量引起的级联失效对网络性能造成的影响。结果表明:存在引发级联失效的域间流量比例临界值;级联失效发生后,弱连接网络以吞吐量下降为主,强连接网络以负载增加为主。     

土体泊松比对压入管桩单桩挤土位移场的影响

基于ABAQUS有限元软件,采用主从接触算法模拟桩-土相互作用、修正剑桥模型作为土体本构模型,通过在桩顶施加竖向位移荷载以及合适的网格划分技术建立了较为符合压入管桩压桩实际的有限元模型。利用得到的有限元模型模拟了压入管桩压桩产生的挤土位移场,对不同泊松比时压入管桩单桩挤土位移场进行了对比分析。结果表明:不同泊松比时竖向和水平挤土位移场沿深度方向和径向的分布规律趋于一致;土体泊松比的变化会对压入管桩压桩产生的竖向和水平挤土位移场产生较大影响;泊松比越大,压桩产生的竖向和水平挤土位移越大。     

太阳能光电热系统换热器性能实验研究

设计了新型半圆管形式的不锈钢板式换热器,对其作为太阳能光电热综合利用一体化系统集热组件的性能进行实验研究。通过新型集热光电热组件及光电组件系统的对比实验,研究该光电热组件在重庆地区夏季应用情况,分析其光电和光热特性。结果表明:在以晴朗为主的天气,半圆管形式的不锈钢板式光电热组件电热系统的电热性能与光电组件系统的相比较,前者的太阳能电池输出功率提高约26.48%,热利用效率提高23.70%以上,新型半圆管形式的光电热组件整体光电热(光电+光热)综合效率可达到25.70%,有效提高了光电热系统的综合效率。新型半圆管形式不锈钢板式换热器的换热面积增大,提高了换热效率,为太阳能光电热综合利用一体化系统在重庆等太阳辐射强度较小地区的应用提供了参考。     

一种用于GAF协议的优化邻居表算法

GAF协议是一种基于地理信息的无线传感器网络路由协议,由于采用多跳传输,将导致热区的产生。提出了一种优化邻居表算法,可以有效辨识GAF虚拟网格内的节点密度,从而选择密度大的网格通行,以均衡热区能耗,延长网络寿命。仿真结果验证了该算法的可行性。     

基于流体体积模型的双层油罐渗漏数值模拟

为了对钢制强化玻璃纤维制双层油罐贯通间隙空间进行优化设计,针对目前市场上主流双层油罐间隙空间的结构特点,应用计算流体力学数值模拟软件CFD,基于多相流流体体积模型,对双层油罐内罐发生渗漏后渗漏液体在贯通间隙空间的流动特点进行模拟计算。计算结果表明：液体在间隙空间流动时,其表面力对流动的影响占支配作用,体积力的作用可以忽略;当间隙垫片之间的距离≥0.8 mm,其对液体流动的阻碍作用开始减弱;主流双层油罐间隙空间的设计不合理,无法将油罐渗漏液体尽快引流到间隙底部。最后,根据液体在间隙空间的流动特点,对双层油罐间隙空间的设计提出了改进措施。     

基于时空消耗法确定军事物流基地存储设施规模

存储设施是军事物流基地主要组成实体和有效运行载体,在规划军事物流基地时,需准确估算存储设施的规模。为寻求军事物流基地存储设施规模的定量计算方法,基于存储设施与所储物资应保持时空资源供需平衡的时空消耗原理,建立了存储设施规模数学模型。为提高模型的实用性,对模型中相关参数的具体作用和取值方法进行了解释和分析。最后以xx综合仓库改建xx军事物流基地为例具体说明了该模型的应用。     

面向任务的装备保障建模方法研究

针对面向任务的装备保障建模方法及其相关问题进行了研究,建立了面向任务的装备保障需求模型的基本结构,并从装备、弹药、油料、维修备件、维修人员这五方面讨论了模型的具体流程和算法。使用本文构建的装备保障模型,根据任务装备损坏数量和保障需求的关联关系,在已知装备战损、修复率和分布情况的基础上,结合装备弹药基数等信息,可以计算获得相关装备的保障需求信息,最后通过一个作战任务想定案例说明该模型的合理性和可行性。