软体油罐储存失效概率分布加速寿命试验研究

随着储存和使用年限的增长,受环境应力的影响,软体油罐各项性能指标均出现不同程度的下降。对软体油罐进行寿命评估对于合理确定油罐的报废周期,开展新型罐体材料研究具有一定的指导意义。以软体油罐模型为试验材料,以气密性测试为失效判别标准,通过加速寿命试验,得到样本在110℃老化温度下的失效数据,并通过威布尔概率图检验法和Van Montfort检验法对失效数据进行检验,得到软体油罐失效概率服从威布尔分布的结论,为软体油罐可靠性寿命评估奠定了理论基础。     

电渗透防水防潮技术的工程应用

地下工程防水防潮一直是工程界的难题,传统技术存在难根治、易反复的缺点。选择某一洞库进行电渗透技术工程试点研究:先详细介绍电渗透技术和施工工艺情况;再采用在工程内布置电极并施加脉冲电压的方法,利用电场力迫使水分向工程外岩体移动,达到降低工程内部湿度、防水防潮的目的。工程应用表明,电渗透防水防潮技术拥有效果明显、运行费用低等突出优点,具有推广前景。     

轮状病毒荧光定量PCR标准品的构建

采用MA104细胞系培养和T载体克隆技术,在轮状病毒结构蛋白VP4基因序列中设计合成引物,经过PCR扩增后将特异性产物与pMD-19-T载体连接,对获得的轮状病毒重组质粒标准品进行酶切鉴定和测序分析。利用常规PCR和荧光定量PCR方法对获得的重组质粒标准品进行特异性和灵敏度指标的检验。结果表明,将构建的重组质粒作为标准品制备标准曲线具有较高的扩增效率和良好的线性关系(斜率为-4.015,R2=0.991);荧光定量PCR熔解曲线分析表明,85.8℃的PCR产物是轮状病毒VP4基因序列的特异性产物,该标准品具有轮状病毒特异性;同时,所制备的重组质粒标准品在荧光定量PCR检测中具有较大的线性范围(5×101~5×1010拷贝/μL),每个梯度PCR反应最低可以检测到50拷贝的重组质粒,因而采用该标准品进行荧光定量PCR分析具有较高的检测灵敏度;此外,该重组质粒标准品具有较高的稳定性和重复性,3次独立实验的变异因数Cv<1.5%。构建的重组质粒标准品可以用做环境水体中轮状病毒的荧光定量PCR标准品。     

油料洞库主罐室地震作用破坏机理

油料洞库担负着我国未来石油储备的重要任务,为深入研究油料洞库在地震作用下的响应规律,运用FLAC3D软件,采用动力时程法对油料洞库的简化模型进行数值模拟分析。从不同围岩级别、不同埋深、不同地震烈度3个方面分析地震作用时水平峰值位移和最大拉应力峰值的变化规律。结果表明：随着围岩级别从Ⅲ级到Ⅰ级的变化以及埋深的增加,油料洞库的抗震性能逐渐提高;无论何种工况,最大拉应力峰值均发生在主罐室与支通道交接的墙角处;9度地震时各监测点水平峰值位移大幅增加,塑性区已经贯通,故在油料洞库选址时应尽可能避开可能发生9度及以上地震的地区。     

海拔高度对发动机泵机组性能的影响

介绍250型泵机组基本参数,详细阐述该型发动机泵机组的动力传递关系,应用FST2E型测试台架开展泵机组发动机高原效能模拟试验,获取发动机在不同海拔高度的功率、燃油消耗率和油耗量数据,拟合生成发动机负荷特性曲线。定量分析不同海拔高度发动机功率下降对离心泵体积流量、效率、扬程等的影响,得出泵机组体积流量、扬程、效率的下降规律。研究结果可为现有泵机组的使用及新型泵机组的研制提供理论依据和数据参考。     

基于灰色系统理论的军队油料节约人员360度绩效评估

基于360度绩效评估理论,从德、能、勤、绩4个方面构建了包含4个1级指标和16个2级指标的军队油料节约人员360度绩效评估指标体系。利用层次分析法确定了各评估指标的权重,运用灰色系统理论的原理和方法,构建了多层次灰色评估模型,并对某油料节约小组5位油料节约人员进行了360度绩效评估。案例应用表明,此方法具有系统综合各层评估者提供的"贫信息"的优点,不仅能得出被评估者的灰类及优劣顺序,而且得到了各指标所属灰类和具体的灰色评价权值,使360度绩效较好地实现了绩效反馈的目的。该研究为军队油料节约人员绩效管理工作提供了新的思路和方法。     

顶部开口条件下油罐油气爆炸数值模拟

根据油罐油气爆炸特性,基于RNG k-ε湍流模型、Finate-Rate/Eddy-Dissipation化学反应模型和相应的控制方程,采用SIMPLE算法对顶部开口条件下油气爆炸发生与发展过程进行了数值模拟。基于数值模拟结果分析了顶部开口条件下油罐油气爆炸罐外超压和火焰特征,与实验结果吻合良好,该模型可以用来预测顶部开口条件下油罐油气爆炸强度。     

Monitoring censored lifetime data with a weighted‐likelihood scheme

Lifetime experiments are common in many research areas and industrial applications. Recently, process monitoring for lifetime observations has received increasing attention. However, some existing methods are inadequate as neither their in control (IC) nor out of control (OC) performance is satisfactory. In addition, the challenges associated with designing robust and flexible control schemes have yet to be fully addressed. To overcome these limitations, this article utilizes a newly developed weighted likelihood ratio test, and proposes a novel monitoring strategy that automatically combines the likelihood of past samples with the exponential weighted sum average scheme. The proposed Censored Observation‐based Weighted‐Likelihood (COWL) control chart gives desirable IC and OC performances and is robust under various scenarios. In addition, a self‐starting control chart is introduced to cope with the problem of insufficient reference samples. Our simulation shows a stronger power in detecting changes in the censored lifetime data using our scheme than using other alternatives. A real industrial example based on the breaking strength of carbon fiber also demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 631–646, 2017     

Tests for homogeneity of distributions of component lifetimes from system lifetime data with known system signatures

In this article, we discuss the problem of testing the homogeneity of distributions of component lifetimes based on system lifetime data when the system signatures are known. Both parametric and nonparametric procedures are developed for this problem. For nonparametric testing, the Mann–Whitney‐type statistic is used, and its performance and limitations are discussed. Next, we assume the component lifetimes to follow exponential distributions and then develop different parametric tests. Exact and asymptotic methods are developed based on the method of moments estimators. A Monte Carlo simulation study is used to compare the performance of different parametric procedures with that of the nonparametric procedure. Based on the results of the simulation study, discussions and practical recommendations are made and finally some concluding remarks are provided. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 550–563, 2015     

宽带模糊函数的群论解释及小波变换求解

讨论了各种形式的宽带模糊函数,通过群论分析表明,它们都可解释为二维不可约仿射群U表示的矩阵系数,因此其性质可通过对仿射群的研究作出解释。还讨论了宽带模糊函数与小波变换的关系,并由此导出其高效的小波变换求解方法。